罗西尼亚诺文化中心

来自

Area Progetti

和

UNA2

建筑：文化中心是一幢平坦的单层建筑。一条有顶的人行走道从中穿过, 对于行人来说,人行道是通向文化中心各种服务的备用道路, 还通向火车站地下通道，是城市交通网的重要一环。沿着人行走道,这栋建筑被划分为三个不同的区块, 而人行道是通往图书馆和附近的地下通道。这样的布局确保了所有这些区域都面对着人行道。 顺着地下通道走,右边是咖啡馆和报刊馆,到了此处,道理拓宽并通向馆内,然后导向娱乐室、青年信息中心和多功能活动区。

“le Creste” Cultural Centre In Rosignano Marittimo, Italy by Area Progetti And Una2 with Andrea Michelini And Laura Ceccarelli

The building. The Cultural Centre is a flat, single-storey building. It is crossed by a covered pedestrian walkway which, as well as suggesting an alternative approach to passersby through the Centre’s services, leads to the train station underpass functioning as an important link in the urban road network. The building is divided into three distinct blocks arranged along the walkway, used by those going to the library and those on their way to the nearby underpass. The layout ensures that all the areas face onto the walkway. Following the underpass, on the right is the cafeteria / newspaper library; where the path widens it opens onto the library; it then leads to the play room, youth information centre and the multi-purpose area.

材料，技术和系统：此设计使用了创新技术，以便改善建筑物内能源性能。选用了包括高性能外壳部件；自然通风系统；冬天预热、夏天冷却流通空气的地下导管；使用水生产民用热水的太阳能集热器；光伏系统；以及控制植物系统和建筑物系统的监控系统。通过使用配备的灯光系统，用来根据光线摄入量自动控制光线强度，对自然光进行利用，从而有助节约能源。

结构及填充物：该建筑有一个由钢筋混凝土支柱和双层胶合板梁与表层木板组成的屋顶组合而成的承重结构。在地基层面有一系列的地下通道用以建筑的自然通风。初级通道网和各种尺寸的次级通道网相联接,次级通道分送空气到各个房间的出风口。地下管道由钢筋混凝土制成,支撑着已加预应力的中空型地面材料。而墙体则是用压缩的麦杆包填充构成。

绿色屋顶，加固的土丘以及花园：屋顶上建了广阔的不适于步行的屋顶花园。这一选择考虑了高热物理性能，并通过减少大气和温室气体中的细微颗粒物提供效益贡献。在铁路一边，图书馆的花园被一个沙丘围住，沙丘由加筋土构成，高3.20米，有圈出户外阅读区和保护图书馆内活动不受铁路噪声影响的双重功能。花园区域从加筋土丘斜下，通向外部铺石路面，使用的是挖掘地的废弃材料，花园里种的花朵在一年四季不同时段开放。

被动降温：被动降温主要致力于应用技术，保持房间自然通风。目标是使流向建筑物内的自然空气最大化：自然通风系统由风塔和排列在屋顶上的太阳能烟囱系统组成，以便为最大数量的房间提供服务。风塔是一种顶部开口，面向主风，捕捉气流的系统。利用海风的优势，风塔将冷空气引向地下通道的一片区域。冷空气从下面进入房间，而较温暖的空气通过开在天花板上的太阳能烟囱被抽出去。太阳能烟囱是由有色金属片制成的圆柱形结构，安装在建筑物的承力结构上，并配备有附带电力控制开关系统的百叶窗。

Materials, technologies, systems. The design made use of innovative technologies in order to improve the energy performance of the building. The choices made include high performance envelope components; natural ventilation systems; underground conduits for preheating the ventilation air in winter and its cooling in summer; solar thermal collectors using water for the production of domestic hot water; a photovoltaic system; a monitoring and control system to control the plant systems and the building systems. The exploitation of natural light contributes to energy saving through the use of a lighting system equipped to automatically control the light intensity depending on the intake of light.

Structure and infills. The building has a load-bearing structure comprised of reinforced concrete circular pillars and a roof with a double frame of glulam beams and wooden planking above. At foundation level there are a series of underground channels for the natural ventilation of the building. This network of primary channels is connected to a series of secondary channels of various sizes which distribute air to the outlets located in the rooms. The underground channels made of reinforced concrete also act as a support for the pre-stressed hollow-core floor elements. The infill walls are all constructed with pressed straw bales.

Green roof, reinforced earth dune, garden. An extensive non-walkable roof garden has been created on the roof. This choice allows high thermophysical performances as well as providing an effective contribution by reducing fine particles in the atmosphere and greenhouse gases. The garden of the library is delimited on the railway side by a dune made of reinforced earth 3.20 metres high, which has the twofold function of enclosing the outdoor reading area and protecting the indoor activities of the library from railway noise. The garden, which slopes from the reinforced earth down to the external wooden paving, was made using waste material from the excavations and planted with species that bloom at different times throughout the seasons.

Passive cooling. Passive cooling mainly focuses on the application of techniques for the natural ventilation of the rooms. The aim was to maximize the entry of natural air flows inside the building: the natural ventilation system is comprised of a wind tower and a system of solar chimneys arranged on the roof so as to serve the greatest number of rooms. The wind tower is a system for capturing air currents with openings at the top facing the prevailing winds. Taking advantage of the sea breezes, the tower directs the cool air to a field of underground channels. The cool air reaches the rooms from below while warmer air is extracted through the solar chimneys which open on the ceiling. The solar chimneys are cylindrical structures made of coloured sheet metal, fixed to the building’s load-bearing structure and equipped with shutters with an electrically controlled opening and closing system.

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