融合新旧的塔斯马尼亚博物馆艺术画廊

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塔斯马尼亚岛上的塔斯马尼亚博物馆和艺术画廊是澳大利亚最古老的博物馆与历史画廊，是塔斯马尼亚自然与文化的主要储存库。该项目位于岛上霍巴特港口的码头附近，被丰富的历史文物建筑包围，比如原来的海关大楼，证券商店，私人住宅等等。博物馆建筑本体利用这些古老的建筑成为这个区域和谐的一部分。建筑在改建中还利用了新的现代建筑元素为场所带来活力，为游客带来丰富的体验

建筑师将精心设计的曲线多面体造型植入原有历史建筑中，并竭力保持这些创新要素的简练，让其到位同时不失谦虚的改变场所氛围。

The Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery (TMAG) is of national significance as it is one of the oldest museums and art galleries in Australia and is the primary repository of Tasmanian natural and cultural material collections. Its campus at Constitution Dock on Hobart’s waterfront includes a rich collection of heritage buildings including the Commissariat Store (1808-10), the Private Secretary’s Cottage (1815) and Custom House(1902). These individual buildings are significant in their own right as they are themselves artefacts and are an important part of the TMAG collection. The Stage 1 Redevelopment and Adaptive reuse interweaves the heritage buildings, new contemporary elements and archaeology to reveal what was obscured and compromised and create a rich experience for visitors.

Inspiration is drawn from references of local artefacts and imagery within TMAG’s extensive collection as well as a rigorous response to existing built heritage fabric. What results is an architectural response which successfully integrates intricacies of the existing heritage forms with innovative architectural design. The integration of new contemporary and conservation works were carried out to best practice and in accordance with Burra Charter principles1. The aim was to ‘do as much as necessary but as little as possible’.

Subsequently, new contemporary insertions were carefully refined and crafted. A consistent language for the new work was applied throughout the site to allow for originaland new elements to be distinguished. Upholding a high standard of conservation, the Redevelopment promotes the longevity of a prominent and significant site for Hobart.

建筑师主要通过几个要素来激发历史空间的新活力。

首先建筑师使用千斤顶的方法将屋顶挑起，在不拆除屋顶的条件下给家住增加了一层4米高的空间，为博物馆争取了足够的面积。建筑师认为通过新元素引导人流极为关键，这些交通要素将在人们体验的过程中带来全新的认知感受。为此建筑师在关键的交通点上精心植入新元素。比如在入口广场设置流线造型的木质座椅和平台，为人们提供惬意的休息之处，汇聚了大量人气。在室内设置一个炫酷的白色钢漆旋转楼梯，串联起原有海关大楼的每一层，同时在公共大厅二层设置了一个有多面起伏扶手栏杆的过道，而这个过道的扶手语言也应用在卫生间等公共设施附近的墙面上。

精心选择当地省材的可持续木材和其它材料实现这个文化极度敏感的项目，提升社区美丽，创造出一个全新且不可替代的宝贵环境，让建筑，文化与社会具有更深联系，并泽被后世。

With the Adaptive reuse of TMAG a series of new elements were integrated into the existing heritage fabric to create a coherent museum complex. The new design provides a fully functioning modern facility which incorporates a variety of uses and well considered connected spaces, from office and administration to public and function spaces through to conservation, display and archaeologically significant zones. The focus was to provide public access and reveal new opportunities whilst minimising impact to the existing buildings and surrounding spaces. This included areas which has previously restricted public access due to the configuration and fragile nature of the buildings. For example,sensitive intervention was required in the Bond Store to ensure access and compliance as well as the the implementation of fire protection and services to allow public gallery and museum use.

Previously concealed details and archaeology were uncovered during the construction process and the opportunity to showcase these discoveries was embraced. The project adopted an innovative approach by combining traditional materials and construction methods to repair and adapt. The most significant example is the 1901 roof and central lantern (glazed on four sides) over the Central Gallery which was carefully and meticulously raised one floor level (approx 4m) using a system of synchronised hydraulic jacks and without requiring the roof to be dismantled. This enabled a new mezzanine to be positioned and connect to the adjacent heritage fabric of the Henry Hunter buildings which surround the Central Gallery space. The mezzanine provided new opportunities of connecting between the different museum spaces within Henry Hunter as well as enabling visitors to experience the space as never before.

Another important adaptive reuse was on level 2 flooring of the Bond Store which was patched and repaired with precision craftsmanship to retain the maximum amount of its fabric as well as evidence of its patchwork evolution and previous use.

The carefully articulated suspended timber forms located through the museum  are incrementally rotated planes that provide a contemporary thread of  building fabric thathelps to provide an interpretation and representation of the significant detailed collections.

These forms help orientate visitors as they pass through the many interconnected spaces that form part of the TMAG campus by providing a constant reference point at each destination. The white painted steel spiral staircase is another key insertion into the heritage fabric which connects all levels of the Bond Store and Custom House. There is also a new lift adjacent to this stair connecting these levels. The stair provides a very dramatic experience of a contemporary element against the backdrop of significant heritage fabric within a very confined space. This volume in which the stair sits is enclosed with a glass roof with a layer white fixed louvres below the glass which further elevates the visitors experience within this space.

Sustainability underpins the Redevelopment and Adaptive reuse of TMAG. The most critical component of sustainable design is through the process of adaptive reuse with in the extensive heritage fabric. The series of inter connected heritage buildings and internal spaces have been designed to reduce energy consumption and retain the original buildings embodied energy. Different environmental control systems have been integrated to as far as possible use natural lighting, cooling, heating and ventilation. The thermal mass inherent in these heritage buildings has been considered in combination with these systems to help further moderate internal conditions. Materials have been carefully selected in relation to sustainability and as much as

possible are locally sourced. In particular the extensive use and selection of timber throughout the Redevelopment has been very carefully considered.

Given the local prominence of TMAG it was very importantto select and use only locally grown and sourced timbers.

The Redevelopment at TMAG is an exceptional example of successfully contributing to enhancing a community’s cultural capital by integrating new work within a highly sensitive and culturally-significant existing heritage fabric. The Redevelopment has created a new offering which allows visitors to foster a deeper connection to the rich history, community and landscape that underpins this site. Such connections are not only irreplaceable and precious but will ensure TMAG will continue to be a significant cultural destination in Hobart and Tasmania and appreciated by future generations.

Project March 2013

Project City: Hobart, Tasmania

Project Country: Australia

Lead Architect Details

Company Name: Francis-Jones Morehen Thorp (Architect)

Credits  John Gollings

Construction Image CreditsDesign 5 (Heritage Architect)

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Francis-Jones Morehen Thorp