澳大利亚乳制品厂

该工厂是根据Bannister Downs Dairy独特的生产模式来打造的。这种生产模式涵盖了传统与高科技、大型工业设备与当地农场、动物与机器、开放与神秘感、食品卫生和污水管理等对比鲜明的主题。项目的建造策略不仅结合了所有这些主题，还将它们融合成一种生机勃勃、永不止息的独特风格。全新的工厂重新定义了现代乳业，并对其未来的发展具有指导意义。

This facility is built around the unique Bannister Downs Dairy production model combining contrasting themes: the traditional with ultra-hi-tech; local farm with large scale industrial; animals with robots; private with public; food hygiene and effluent management – all under the same roof. The building strategy combines these themes, churning them together into something unique, something dynamic, animated, and never still. It resets the thinking of what the modern dairy currently is and postulates what it could possibly be.

▼项目鸟瞰图，bird-eye’s view of the project

▼项目远眺，

distant view

of the project

主要挑战 | Key challenges

项目的最初规划只是简单定义了一条保证所有奶制品生产活动可以同时进行的生产线。三个截然不同的群体汇集在同一个地方：来自南方的工人、职员和当地民众；从周围的牧场牵到山上的北方牛群；来自公共交通不畅的东部地区的卡车队。它们在小山丘的顶点汇聚，形成了一个界限分明的景观轮廓。这种形式能很好地适应当地潮湿的自然环境，以便让水和其他弃置物品从建筑的各个侧面排出。建筑采用柔软的鹅卵石形状是为了应对工业基础设施、特别建筑和道路在将来的扩建。

The masterplan, which initiated the project, was simply about defining a line, a boundary where all the dairy’s activities can co-exist inside. Three disparate groups converge on the location: people from the south, including workers, staff and general public; cows from the north, who arrive uphill from the surrounding pasture; and trucks from the east away from other general traffic. It seemed appropriate that a single landscape contour formed this boundary at the apex of a small hill as this would allow water and waste to drain away from the building on all sides in this wet environment. Its form, a soft pebble shape would also act as a counter-measure to the typical sprawl of industrial infrastructure, ad-hoc building and service roads.

▼建筑采用了柔软的鹅卵石形状，its form, a soft pebble shape

独特理念 | The brief

全新的乳制品厂占地9000平方米，是一个以农场为基础的工业综合体。这是一家以“从牧场到市场”为生产理念的独特工厂：挤奶、加工、装瓶这些生产步骤都在同一地点完成。工厂配有最先进的设备，其中包括一个设有营养诊断区和医疗区的24小时自动旋转挤奶场，这里的所有设备都是为牛群的舒适和健康而设计的。牛奶经过低温巴氏灭菌处理，并通过自动化包装机器来使用一种独特、柔软、可生物降解的Ecolean袋子进行包装。整个生产过程向公众开放并通过中央观景台进行展示，充分显示了工厂的透明化和可持续农业化。

The new Creamery development is a 9000sqm farm based industrial complex. It is a one-of-a-kind facility based on grass-to-gate production where all milking, processing, bottling is controlled and achieved in one location. It accommodates state-of-the-art equipment, including a 24-hour voluntary milking rotary robotic dairy with nutrition diagnostics and medical areas, all designed for the comfort and well-being of the herd. The milk is processed by low temperature pasteurisation and packaged with automated machinery using a unique, soft, biodegradable, chalk-based Ecolean pouch. The whole operation is open to the public and on display from a central viewing gallery, demonstrating transparency and sustainable farming.

▼参观者在建筑的前部几乎就可以体验到工厂全部的风光，the visitors experience is almost entirely within the front of house

可持续性特征 | Sustainability features

该项目为偏远小镇诺斯克利夫提供了公共福利。乳制品厂是该地区迄今为止最大的一笔投资，为该地区提供了新的就业机会、基础设施、旅游和其他衍生业务。建筑位于诺斯克利夫外青翠的乡村农田上。从工厂内部的加工区、制品区、会议室和办公室都可以欣赏到农场风光，这样的设计在工厂和农场之间创造了一种全新的联系。参观者在建筑的前部几乎就可以体验到工厂全部的风光，但其实际的规模和复杂性则是通过一楼的展览空间慢慢呈现出来的。

The project provides a civic benefit to the small, remote town of Northcliffe. The dairy is the largest investment to date in the area, providing new jobs, infrastructure, tourism and off-shoot business into the region. The building is set on verdant, rural farmland outside of Northcliffe. It captures this landscape from the inside, framing views from processing rooms, dairy, boardroom and offices, creating an awareness between industry and farm. The visitors experience is almost entirely within the front of house, but the actual scale and complexity of the processing areas is slowly revealed through the exhibition space along level one.

▼双层外立面，double facade

从农业的角度来看，工厂把奶牛的健康和“幸福感”放在首位，不仅提供了一个安全舒适的牧场环境，还为它们进行定期的检查和健康诊断。同样的设计理念也贯穿在员工的工作环境和健康设施之中，这些设施在生产区和农场之间保持了视觉上的连续性。

From an agricultural perspective, the facility puts the cow’s health and ‘wellbeing’ first, providing calm/safe herd environments and diagnostics to regularly check animals’ health. This follows through to their staff’s environment and wellbeing, creating consistent visual connectivity within the building from production areas to the farm.

▼在建筑二层有一间可以俯瞰农田的咖啡馆，on the second floor of the building is a cafe overlooking farmland,

建筑的设计将整个工厂的能源和资源消耗都降到了最低。可持续性的元素包括：一个安装在屋顶的100千瓦光伏太阳能板；供给加工区的可饮用雨水；热交换泵；用于清洗牛栏的二次用水；减少直接热交换的双层玻璃；LED灯；液体循环加热地板；双层外立面；通风系统；建筑照明/供暖管理系统；两台柴油备用发电机；可生物降解的乳制品包装。所有的材料都是基于其在恶劣环境中的寿命和防火性能来选择的。约90%的施工部分都承包给了当地建筑商。一个生物甲烷工厂目前正在规划中。

The building design minimises power consumption and use (re-use) of resources throughout the building. The sustainable elements include: a roof mounted 100kW Photovoltaic array; potable rainwater capture for processing areas; heat exchange pumps in processing; grey water reuse for cow yard wash down; double glazing to minimise direct heat transfer; LED lights; hydronic floor heating; double skin, ventilated façade systems, building management system for lighting/heating; two diesel backup generators; biodegradable chalk-based packaging. Materials were chosen based on their longevity in the harsh environment and fire performance. The construction process included approx. 90% local subcontractors. A future bio-methane plant is planned.

▼工厂入口区域，the entrance area

解决方案 | The solutions

总体规划策略中所提到的轮廓边界线概念，被用于主楼建筑结构的打造。该概念可以被理解为一种动态的建筑形式变化轨迹：一个囊括了现代化牛栏、澳大利亚乡土风情谷仓、甘伯利奶牛场的拥有原始牛棚轮廓的动态阁楼。这些结构混合在一起，组成了一个独特的长形“超级棚”。建筑的形状沿着周边不断变化，内部的构造和设备也在逐渐融合。

这个红色的“超级棚”同时也是整个综合体的行政建筑、公共入口和游客咖啡馆。它沿着轮廓线的自然弯曲减轻了自然景观中大型建筑物的突兀感。同时，它还掩盖了后方的乳制品批量处理加工区域。建筑立面的流畅以一种动态变幻的方式表现出来：慢与快，开放与封闭。立面还同时被用作遮阳板、天蓬、廊柱、建筑框架、入口以及其他沿着建筑长度变化的元素。

▼建筑扭体，the twist

▼扭体细部，details of the twist

The masterplan strategy of a contoured boundary line is used to generate an architectural strategy for the main building. Conceived of as a trajectory of building form set in motion: an animated loft of set archetypal shed profiles including modern shed, Australian barn vernacular, gambrel dairy barn. These are blended into a singular long ‘super-shed’, constantly morphing along the perimeter, churning and mixing programme and operations internally.

This red ‘super-shed’ is realized as the main administration building, public entry and visitor’s cafe for the whole complex. Its curving nature along the contour means that the building is always receding, diminishing the overall impression of a large building in the landscape. It also masks the main bulk processing areas which sit behind. The façade ribbons are expressed in modes of animation – slow and fast, open and closed. The façade is multi-purpose, creating sun shading, canopies, colonnade, framed views, entries and other elements which change along the building’s length.

▼立面与工厂内部之间的走廊区域，the corridor area between the facade and the factory interior

在棚屋的内部，公共入口空间和休息室被设置在前部，而行政区和员工设施则在后侧。游客可以通过建筑扭体到达楼上，进入加工区的内部观景廊，在走廊尽头则是一间可以俯瞰农田的咖啡馆。建筑物的加工区和设备被掩藏在红色棚屋的黑色附属建筑中，这个黑色部分看上去就像棚屋在整个场地上投射出的长长阴影，所有内部装置和设备都存放在该场地中。加工区与农场之间在视觉上的连接点被安置在经营区内，以此来保障最佳的生产效率。

Internally the shed’s program combines a public entry space and foyer to the front, and administration and staff facilities to the back. The general public are drawn upstairs, through the buildings twist, to an internal viewing gallery for the processing areas, ending at a café overlooking farmland. The buildings processing areas and services are sheltered within a large black annex to the red shed, conceived of as a long shadow cast back across the site, where all internal operations and machinery are housed. Visual connectivity between operation areas and to the farm are accommodated within the processing areas for optimal operation efficiency.

▼工厂内部自动挤奶区，automatic milking area inside the factory

▼其他车间内部，other workshop

Project size：5500 sqm

Site size：9000 sqm

Project Budget：$23000000

Completion date：2019

Building levels：2

Project team：Bosske—Masterplanning, Architecture