捷克 Dolní Břežany 体育馆 | 现代简约，功能齐全

Dolní Břežany在过去的几年中发生了巨大的变化，如今已经成为一座现代且宜居的城市。当地政府在公共设施的建设方面十分积极，并将建筑和城市规划视为城市发展的重点。在修建新的体育馆之前，与之毗邻的小学综合体便已经历了一次重要的翻新。本项目是Břežany学校的后期发展项目，它将成为学校体育课的新场馆，同时也服务于当地的体育俱乐部，或作为普通公众在夜间的休闲场所。宽阔的室内空间使其同样适用于文化及社会活动的举办。

Having undergone radical changes in the last few years, Dolní Břežany is a modern and attractive place for living. The municipality has been very active in cultivating the public space in the long term and architecture and town planning aspects are a major focus when considering new projects. The primary school complex adjoining the sports hall has also undergone a major refurbishment and extension; the sports hall is its further development stage. The Břežany School has obtained a new space for physical education; the hall is used by local sports clubs and by the general public in the evenings for recreational sports. The generous dimensions of the interior make the venue suitable for cultural and social events.

▼建筑外观，exterior view

▼体育馆将成为Břežany学校的新场馆，the Břežany School has obtained a new space for physical education

▼入口广场，forecourt

该建筑坐落在城市中心开发区的一处开阔场地的边缘。引人注目的椭圆形体量同时呼应了当下和未来的使用需求。体育馆的落成将大大促进市民与社区的发展，因而建筑与周围公共空间的联系变得十分重要。体育馆拥有一个光滑、圆润且抽象的形态。圆形的屋顶为其赋予了更加人性化的尺度，金属材质的表面反射出周围的环境，模糊了屋顶与天空的界线。建筑的外观掩饰了真实的尺度，使其看上去比实际要小。前方的宽阔楼梯嵌于场地之中，定义出新的公共空间，同时形成一个自然的圆形露天广场。

The building is situated on the edge of a built-up area, in the center of a large development zone. An attractive architectural concept – a spatial rotational ellipsoid form – is a response to both current requirements and an unknown future. The inauguration and operation of the hall can serve as a stimulus and inspiration for the further growth of the municipality, which is why the connection to the surroundings and the public space is as important as the natural link with the primary school. The hall has a rounded, smooth and abstract shape. The dome draws the scale closer to humans, the metallic surface mirrors the surroundings, while the borders of the sky and of the roof remain blurred. The building camouflages its real dimensions and looks smaller than it is in reality. The wide staircase in front of the hall, embedded into the terrain like the building itself, delineates the public space and creates a natural amphitheater.

▼光滑、圆润且抽象的形态，the hall has a rounded, smooth and abstract shape

▼金属材质的表面反射出周围的环境， the metallic surface mirrors the surroundings

虽然体育馆的外观使其迥异于学校的建筑，其内部空间却通过灰色和白色的表面以及实体木材与学校形成了充分的融合。来访者的入口垂直于街道和停车场，西向的滑动门与校园形成连接，东向的窗户则将人们引向未知的未来。体育馆通过一条走廊与学校相连，其核心地带是一个面积为45×25平方米、高度为8-9米的体育场地，可移动的布网将其纵向地划分为三个区域。每个区域均包含一个排球场；空间的分隔使其能够同时进行三场体育课。带有卫浴设施的更衣室位于首层靠近学校的一侧，通过栅栏与体育场相互隔开。设备间和办公室位于二层。观众席的一侧包含一个250座的看台，其下方是用于储存体育器械的库房。一架舷梯连接了看台的两个区域，从看台可以俯瞰到餐吧所在的宽敞前厅。Les kanců工作室为体育馆设计了一套新颖的引导标识系统，包括象形符号以及直接绘制于混凝土墙壁上的数字。

While the exterior distinguishes the sports hall from the school, the interior blends with it using a combination of white and grey surfaces and solid timber. The interior layout reflects the surroundings. The entrance for the visitors is perpendicular to the street and the parking lot, the west facing sliding window with a view of the town provides a connection with the school yard, and the east facing window is a peek into the future. The hall is integrated into the school by means of a walkway. The heart of the hall is a sports surface of 45 × 25 meters, of 8–9 meters in height, vertically divided into three parts using mobile blinds. Each of the thirds fits a volleyball court; the division makes it possible to run three PE classes in parallel. The changing rooms with sanitary facilities are situated on the school side, on the ground floor, and wall bars divide them from the sports area; the machine room and offices are on the first floor. On the audience side, there is a grandstand for 250 spectators, located above storage rooms for sports equipment and other facilities. A gangway connecting the two parts of the grandstand overlooks an open vestibule with a snack bar, also an important space. The Les kanců graphic design studio designed an original signage system for the sports hall, consisting of pictograms and numbers hand-painted directly on the walls made of architectural concrete.

▼体育馆的核心地带是一个面积为45×25平方米、高度为8-9米的体育场地，the heart of the hall is a sports surface of 45 × 25 meters, of 8–9 meters in height

▼体育馆的结构融合了拱形的钢筋混凝土承重墙以及由弯型桁架构成的钢制网壳屋顶，the construction of the hall combines arched walls made of load-bearing reinforced concrete and a spatial steel latticed roof construction with bent truss frames

▼可移动的布网将体育场划分为三个区域，the sports surface is vertically divided into three parts using mobile blinds

▼观众席的一侧包含一个250座的看台，on the audience side, there is a grandstand for 250 spectators

▼舷梯连接了看台的两个区域，a gangway connecting the two parts of the grandstand

▼看台细部，detail

▼更衣室位于首层靠近学校的一侧，the changing rooms with sanitary facilities are situated on the school side, on the ground floor

▼更衣区通过栅栏与体育场相互隔开，wall bars divide the changing rooms from the sports area

▼二层走廊，corridor on the first floor

▼松木墙板细部， larch cladding detail

▼交通空间，circulation area

体育馆的结构融合了拱形的钢筋混凝土承重墙以及由弯型桁架构成的钢制网壳屋顶，其中桁架结构的跨度达到44米。建筑立面使用了由天然铝材制成的PREFA屋脊瓦。装有光管的屋顶结构包覆以白色的Firestone UltraPly TPO防水膜。场馆中还使用了大量的声学设备，以实现必要的混响时间和良好的声音辨识度。天花板和墙壁铺设以Ecophon Super G隔音板；松木板被铺设至2.5米高的位置。制冷和制热通过热泵实现，24个深度为112米的钻井能够充分地挖掘到地下的热能。得益于该系统，建筑将在8年后实现成本回报。Linosport xf2运动地板被铺设在灵活的基底之上，其下方安装着REHAU地热系统。68根直径为1.2米的Lightway Maximus光管将自然光充分地引入室内。装有传感器的Philips照明系统能够根据时间的变化自动调节光照强度和能源消耗。此外，场馆内还安装有Philips Pacific LED灯具。

The construction of the hall combines arched walls made of load-bearing reinforced concrete and a spatial steel latticed roof construction with bent truss frames with a width of span up to 44 meters. The façade is made of PREFA ridge shingles made of natural aluminum, the surface of the roof section with light tubes is covered by a white Firestone UltraPly TPO waterproofing membrane. A number of acoustic measures have been applied in the hall to achieve the necessary reverberation time and good speech clarity. The ceiling and wall parts are lined with Ecophon Super G resistant acoustic panels; larch cladding has been applied up to the height of 2.5 meters. Heating and cooling is provided by a heat pump, drawing the heat from the subsoil using a system of 24 boreholes with a depth of 112 meters. The financial return of the system has been calculated to 8 years. Linosport xf2 sports flooring has been placed on a flexible surface base, with REHAU underfloor heating installed underneath. Daylight reaches the hall through 68 Lightway Maximus light tubes with a diameter of 1.2 meters. The Philips artificial light system includes a light exposure sensor, allowing to automatically regulate the intensity and lighting consumption depending on the time of the day. Philips Pacific LED lighting has been installed in the hall.

▼屋顶上的68根光管能够将自然光引入室内，daylight reaches the hall through 68 light tubes installed in the roof

▼夜景，night view

▼场地平面图，site plan

▼二层平面图，first floor plan

▼南立面图，south elevation

▼西立面图，west elevation

▼横剖面图，cross section

▼纵剖面图A，longitudinal section A

▼纵剖面图B，longitudinal section B

Project Name: Dolní Břežany Sports Hall

Architect: SPORADICAL, Aleš Kubalík, Josef Kocián, Jakub Našinec, Veronika Sávová

Website:

sporadical@sporadical.cz

Project location: Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic

Project year: 2013 -2016

Completion year: 2017

Project size: € 5.000.000, gross area 2130 m2, building volume 20 750 m3.

Site size: 6500 m2

Photo credits: Jakub Skokan, Martin Tůma / BoysPlayNice

Client:

Town Dolní Břežany,

5. Května 76, Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic

Ing. Věslav Michalik, CSc., major

Ing. Lucie Vospělová, tel.: +420731502744, e-mail: vospelova@dolnibrezany.cz

General Contractor: PKS stavby a.s.

Website:

stavby@pks.cz

Collaborators:

VPÚ DECO PRAHA a.s.