海棉水体建筑 · 伦敦绿色景观实验丨英国伦敦丨权洪建筑研究所

水是大地之魂，是一座城市最大的财富。

Wateris the soul of Earth, the greatest wealth of a city.

 本项目利用现代生物水处理理念，通过在建筑上种植水生植物，并在伦敦Lea河沿岸建设海绵城市，实现水的过滤和处理，旨在为当地营造一个更好的鸟类栖息地和一个好的居民公共社区。

This project make use of modern biological water treatment concept, through plantingwater hyacinth on the green bridge and building Urban Sponge along London LeaRiver to realize water filtration and treatment, which aims to build a betterbirds habitat and a good place of interest for local residents.

项目背景

Site Background

 项目选址位于英国东伦敦包括Barking和Dagenham、Bexley、Greenwich、Hackney、Havering、Lewisham、Newham、Redbridge、TowerHamlets 和 Waltham Forest。东伦敦位于泰晤士河谷下游，东伦敦的主要河流是构成南部边界的泰晤士河形成了 Tower Hamlets / Hackney 与 Newham / Waltham Forest 的边界。我们对部分现场范围内的水样进行测量数据，取水是整个水环境监测分析活动的开始，也是所有分析工作的基础，水样采集与保存是水环境监测的重要组成部分。目前大多数水环境分析只关注实验室分析操作，而忽视了水样的代表性和及时性，严重影响了监测数据的质量，不能反映水环境的真实情况。为了正确认识和评价水环境质量，应采集真实、有代表性的样本。根据现场调研分析，提出城市战略，包括采集、净化、循环利用和工程建设四个步骤。

EastLondon is a term referring to part of London, capital of the United Kingdom.The current official definition is that East London includesBarkingand Dagenham, Bexley, Greenwich, Hackney, Havering, Lewisham, Newham,Redbridge, Tower Hamlets and Waltham Forest. East London is located in thelower Thames Valley. The major rivers of East London are the Thames that formsthe southern boundary; the Lea which forms the boundary of Tower Hamlets /Hackney with Newham/ Waltham Forest; the Roding which forms the boundary ofNewham with Barking and Dagenham / Redbridge; and the Beam which forms theboundary of Barking and Dagenham with Havering.Site is located in Stratford, adistrict in the London Borough of Newham, East London, which the principalvenue is Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park. This part shows the water samplesmeasurement data in the range of site. Water sampling is the beginning of thewhole water environment monitoring and analysis activities, also the foundationof all analysis work. Water sample collection and preservation is an importantpart of the water environment monitoring.Currently, most water environmentanalysis is only concerned about the laboratory analysis operation, while ignoringthe representativeness and timeliness of the water sample, therefore it seriouslyaffecting the quality of monitoring data, does not reflect the real situationof the water environment. To correctly understand and evaluate the quality ofthe water environment, authentic and representative sample should be collected.Accordingto the analysis of site research, I put forward urban strategy which includesfour steps: collecting, purifying, recycling and project printing.

数据采集

DataCollection

从整个区域的大约 200 个点收集和编目水样，然后进行分析。从样品中获取 pH 值、PPM 等数据的测量并进行比较，仅凭水质就可以创建该地点的独特地图。虽然大多数读数保持不变，但淡水源、利河、洛克斯和雨水集水区的读数之间存在巨大差异。此外，事实证明，工业区附近的 pH 值和 PPM 水平，包括工厂、磨坊、建筑工地和垃圾回收厂远高于居民区。

WaterSamples were collected and catalogued from about 200 points across the site andthen analyzed. Measurements of pH levels, PPM and smell were taken from thesamples and compared to create a unique mapping of the site by virtue of waterquality alone. While most readings remained constant, there was vast differencebetween readings from fresh water sources, the Lea river, Locks and rainwatercatchment areas.Furthermore, it turns out that the pH and the PPM levels nearindustrial areas,including factories, mills, construction site, and wasterecycling plant were much higher than the residential areas.

土地分配

LandDistribution

 Lea河从卢顿边缘的Leagrave 流入赫特福德郡，向南流入 Waltham Cross 。（另一条溪流从霍顿里吉斯向西两英里，但似乎很少被视为源头。）它继续向南穿过恩菲尔德锁、庞德斯恩德、布里姆斯当和托特纳姆黑尔到达斯特拉特福。这条河更常被称为 River Lea（古时有时称为 River Ley）。

TheRiver Lea runs from Leagrave at the edge of Luton into Hertfordshire and thesouth to enter Greater London near Waltham Cross. (Another stream starts twomiles to the west at Houghton Regis but seems seldom to be considered as thesource.) It continues south through Enfield Lock, Ponders End, Brimsdown andTottenham Hale to Stratford. The spellings Lea and Lee are both in current use,but the river is more often called the River Lea (anciently sometimes the RiverLey) and the navigation the Lee Navigation.

FromHertford, the River is sometimes a part of the Lee Navigation, and sometimesruns parallel to it, at times in a complicated mass of streams and floodchannels - as in the area which is to be the site of the London Olympics in2012. This includes the Old River Lea, Three Mills River, Prescott Channel,Channelsea River, City Mill River and Waterworks River.The map on the rightanalyze land distribution with different urban function, which include workingand learning area, residential area, industrial area, and green area.Thefollowing page analyze the impact of turbidity on these different land distribution.

 项目计划

ProjectPlan

过滤建筑结构的设计目的是种植多年生草来吸收和过滤雨水。屋顶的形式可能会随着城市环境的变化而变化，建筑的高度会变得起伏不定。此外，长期规划的人行天桥的建设旨在连接利河两岸的地块。这座桥还有望连接城市广场，将街区与市中心连接起来。这座跨桥被认为是这一美妙景观的自然延续，与 Lea Valley 自然主义位置的环境形态、植被和香气完美融合。在人行道和自行车道旁边，有一条绿色车道，在两个半透明的花盆般的节点上成为绿色区域。

Thefishing net roof is designed to plant perennial grass to absorb and filterrainwater. The form of the roof may change with the urban environment, theheight of the architecture to become ups and downs.Additionally, theconstruction of the long-planned pedestrian bridge is designed to connectparcels on either side of the River Lea. The bridge is also expected to connectcity square, connecting the neighborhoods with downtown.The span bridge iscenceived as a natural continuation of this wonderful landscape, in perfectharmony with environmental morphology, vegetation and fragrances thatcharacterize the naturalistc location of Lea Valley. Beside pedestrial pathsand cycle tracks runs the green lane that becomes green areas on top of the twosemitransparent flowerpotlike peirs: engineering and nature.

粒子网桥

ParticleMesh Bridge

基于之前对粒子流的模拟，在RealFlow中对它进行了网格划分，并给每个点一个半径来创建一个供人们行走的表面。

Basedon the previous simulation of the flow of particle, I meshed it in RealFlow,and gave each point a radis to create a suface for people to walk on.

混合仿真模拟

HybridoSimulation

水文资源利用的关键是了解水流发生过程和运动规律，再现洪水演进状态。根据三维地形模拟研究和流量路由仿真的可视化研究，通过RealFlow软件对水流路由系统进行了仿真。本次RealFlow测试展示了水葫芦（圆柱体）在发生杂交时是如何随水流动的。

Thekey of the utilization of hydrology resource is to know water flowing occurrencecourse and movement rule, and flood routing state can be reappeared. Accordingto the research of three dimension terrian simulation and visualization studyof flow routing simulation, water flow routing system is simulated throughRealFlow software.This RealFlow test shows how water hyacinth (cylinder) flowwith water when the hybrido happens.

海绵系统

SpongeSystem.

桥梁系统旨在连接不同的方向，桥梁艺术装置也是设计的一种象征，以呼吁公众对环境的认识。中央形状的水葫芦象征着自然之美，并赋予纯洁、魅力和整洁的含义。水可以储存在里面并后期反复利用，用于植物灌溉或喷泉。

Thebridge system is designed to connect different directions, and bridge artinstallations are also designed as a symbol to appeal to public awareness ofthe environment. The central shaped in water hyacinth which symbolizes naturalbeauty and gives the meaning of purity, glamor and neatness. Water could be storedinside and be used for plants irrigating or fountains。

轴测图

AxonometricDrawing

轴测图说明了海绵系统的各个部分以及与周围环境的关系。这些结构被设计成在低潮和高潮期间发挥不同的作用。正常潮汐期间，人们可以从内表面通道步行，种植表面起到生长的作用，成为自然动物的栖息地。在涨潮期间，地表将具有弹性，适合洪水泛滥的河流水位，不仅可以降低下游的洪水风险，而且可以提供足够的时间来净化地表之间植物的洪水污染水。海绵系统的中央，起到了连接四方四方的作用。莲花中央装置的下方有一个深水蓄水池，专门用来收集和净化该地区的雨水。

The axonometric drawing illustrates the sponge systems in parts and therelationship next to the surrounding environment. The structures are designedto play the different role during the low and high tide period. People couldwalk from the inner surface pathways during the normal tide period, and theupon planted surface act the role of growing and become the natural animals’habitat. During the high tide period of time, the surfaces will be flexible andsuit for flooding river level, it could not only lower the flood risk todownstream but also provide enough time to purify the flood polluted water bythe plants among the surfaces.In the central of the sponge system, it acts asthe role of connecting the four directions from each side There is a water deepreservoir under the lotus central installation, it designed to capture andpurify the rainwater from the area.

项目信息

项目类型：景观建筑实验

项目面积：25800平方米

项目名

称：海棉水体建筑 Sponge Landscape Architecture

项目区域：

英国伦敦

设计所属：

权洪建筑研究所

设计范围：建筑

设计、景观设计、水体实验设计