上海Amuzik音乐工作室丨中国上海丨实在建筑设计事务所

2022/03/17 12:44:35

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本项目是一间音乐制作人工作室。其功能涵盖了音乐创作、前期简单录音、后期混音，同时作为各类歌手、音乐人参与制作和交流的场所。

This project is a studio for music producers. Its function covers music creation, pre-recording, post-mixing, and also serves as a place for various singers and musicians to participate in production and communication.

室内工作区 ©徐彦

Working area©YanXu

由于工作室空间尺度较小，存在声音各个时期的反射次数过多，消散时间过长等声学问题。此次设计从解决空间在声学上的先天缺陷出发，旨在打造一个专业、高效的音乐创作空间。

Due to the small scale of the studio space, there are acoustic problems such as frequent reflection and excessive dissipation of sound in each period. The design starts from solving the space’s inherent defects in acoustics, aiming to create a professional and efficient space for music creation.

工作室入口 ©徐彦

Enrance©YanXu

首先需要确定的是空间比例。声学空间与美学一样，存在黄金比例。设计之初将空间的高、宽、长之比设为 0.618：1：1.618。同时为了控制材料加工、损耗等等因素，最终将房间的尺寸调整为高度 2400mm，宽度 3800mm，长度 6100mm。

The first thing to be determined is the proportion of the space. Acoustic space, like aesthetics, has its golden ratio. At the beginning of the design, the ratio of space (height, width and length) was set to 0.618:1:1.618. Meanwhile, in order to control the loss in material processing, the dimensions of the room were finally adjusted to a height of 2400mm, a width of 3800mm and a length of 6100mm.

平面剖透视 ©SZ-ARCHITECTS

Plan Section

©SZ-ARCHITECTS

听音朝向也是影响音乐制作人对声音判断的重要因素之一。音乐制作人的听音朝向必须面向短边，如果面朝长边进行工作，频响曲线会有更低的谷值和更高的峰值，从而毁掉声音的清晰度。

The listening orientation, which is one of the important factors that affect musical judgment of the producers, must face the short side of the room. If they work towards the long side, the frequency response curve will be in lower valleys and higher peaks, which will destroy the clarity of sound.

人的监听位置面向短边墙的声学测试 ©GIK ACOUSTIC

Acoustic test facing short side ©GIK ACOUSTIC

人的监听位置面向长边墙的声学测试

©GIK ACOUSTIC

Acoustic test facing long side ©GIK ACOUSTIC

GIK ACOUSTIC 官方声学测试中：长朝向峰谷值超过 30dB，短朝向峰谷值 16dB。

In the official test of GIK acoustic, the peakvalley value exceeds 30dB in the long direction, 16dB in the short direction.

长朝向峰谷值 ©GIKACOUSTIC

Value in the long direction ©GIKACOUSTIC

短朝向峰谷值

©GIKACOUSTIC

Value in the short direction ©GIKACOUSTIC

而房间的低频问题是音乐工作室设计过程中需要克服的专业性挑战。声音在空气中高频以直线传播，低频则通过三维的形式往各个地方发散。不同方向反射与直射的低频会导致抵达人耳的时间（相位）不同，响度（振幅）不同，音色（泛音）不同。因此需要使用低频陷阱选择性吸收低频，反射中高频。

通常在房间的 4 个阴角是低频的交汇处，每个角落的驻波情况并不相同，在经过 EQ 测试房间的频响之后，找到了驻波情况最为明显的两个墙角，采用了 4 组 GIK ACOUSTIC 的三角低频陷阱，使得房间的频响及混响时间得到了有效改善。

The bass frequency is a professional challenge to be overcome in the music studio design. The upper frequencies propagate in a straight line, while the low one radiates with no specific direction through the air.

Low frequencies in different directions arrive at the human ear at different times (phase), with different loudness (amplitude) and different timbre (overtones). Therefore, it is necessary to use bass traps to selectively absorb low-frequency and reflect medium and upper frequency.

Usually, the four internal corners of the room are low-frequency intersections, and the standing wave situation in each corner is different. After EQ testing the frequency response of the room, the two corners with the most obvious standing wave situation are found, and four groups of triangular traps of GIK acoustic are adopted, which effectively improves the frequency response and reverberation time of the room.

墙角低频陷阱 ©徐彦

Bass traps in the two corner ©Yan Xu

同时，将中间位置设计成会客休息区，利用大体积、高密度的沙发软包有效吸收低频反射，软包面料选择了 Parallel-Dama 系列的吸声羊毛面料。

At the same time, the middle position is designed as the reception area, the large volume and high-density soft bags are used to effectively absorb low-frequency reflections, whose fabric is selected from Parallel-Dama series of acoustic wool fabric.

会客区 ©徐彦

Reception Area

©YanXu

Dama 面料声学测试数据

©Parallel

Dama Fabric Acoustic Test Data ©Parallel

第一反射点的处理对于房间的声学效果亦尤为重要。当第一反射点没有处理好时，声音的高低频因为反射不同，互相混合干扰，会产生梳状滤波效应。

Arrangement of the first reflection point is important for the acoustic effect of the room. When it is not handled properly, different reflections of high and low frequencies mix and interfere with each other, which will produce comb filter effect.

ps：声波叠加时会出现梳状滤波的现象。由于不同的声波有着不同的相位差，在叠加时会相互抵消，出现频率上的低谷，在听音时会感受到分贝明显的降低。声波叠加后产生的这种抵消，会不断出现在不同频率，在频谱上产生梳子一样的波形，即所谓“梳状滤波”。

PS: Comb filtering occurs when acoustic waves are superimposed. Because different sound waves have their own phase differences, they will offset when superimposed, resulting in a trough in frequency, and a significant reduction in decibels will be felt when listening. The cancellation generated by the superposition of sound waves will continue to appear at different frequencies and produce comb-like waveforms in the spectrum, which is the so-called "comb filtering".

第一反射点可通过用镜子反射来寻找。此处的吸音板需要采用较厚的声学材质，经过测试和计算之后将其厚度设计为 50mm。

The first reflection point can be found by mirrorreflection. The acoustic panel is made of a thicker material, after testing and calculations, the thickness is 50mm.

第一反射分析图 ©SZ-ARCHITECTS

First reflection points diagram ©SZ-ARCHITECTS

第一反射点解决完之后，在其余的墙面、地面、吊顶都要设置吸音板，减小房间回声。我们对墙面吸音板的造型进行了符号化的提炼，并将吸音板制作成可开启的门扇，变换开启成角度时，可满足不同场景下的声学效果，同时也方便后期拆卸与再利用。

After setting the first reflection point,sound-absorbing panels should be set on the rest of the walls, floors and ceilings to reduce room echoes. We symbolically refine the shape of the wall acoustic panels and make the panels into openable doors, which can meet the acoustical effects of different scenes by changing the opening angle, it also convenient for later disassembly and reuse.

可开启声学板（开启状态）

©徐彦

Openable acoustic panel (Open)

©YanXu

可开启声学板（关闭状态）

©徐彦

Openable acoustic panel (Closed)

©YanXu

由于房间西面为大面积玻璃窗，会出现较为严重的声学反射，故需要采用既满足声学要求又不影响房间采光的材料。因此我们选择 43 克重的 Tyvek 杜邦纸作为窗帘。

The large glass window in the west side of the room leads to serious poor acoustic reflection, so the materials should not only meet the acoustic requirements but also do not affect lighting of the room. Therefore, we chose 43 grams of Tyvek Dupont paper for the curtains.

Tyvek 杜邦纸窗帘 ©SZ-ARCHITECTS

TyvekDupont paper curtains ©SZ-ARCHITECTS

吸音板解决之后，需要安装扩散板来让房间声音更加自然，不损失泛音列。扩散板在不衰减声波能量的情况下，让声音的集中度降低，均匀的从不同角度反射声音，使房间得到更好的频响。

After the design of acoustic panels, diffusion panels needed to be installed to make the room sound more natural without losing the overtone columns. It makes the sound less concentrated without attenuating the sound wave energy, and reflects the sound evenly from different directions to give the room a better frequency response.

扩散板局部©徐彦

Diffusionpanels

details

©YanXu

地面材质的选取则使用了带有反射声音效果的锯木纹橡木地板，并在会客区域增加地毯，减少地面对声音的不利影响。

Sawn oak with sound reflection effect is used as flooring material, and added carpet in the reception area to reduce the adverse effect of the floor on the sound.

竣工之后最终声学测试结果数据令人满意，可满足不同的音乐类型声学需求。

After completion, the final acoustic test results are satisfactory, which can meet the acoustic needs of different music types.