艺术科学之城 | 瓦伦西亚的现代建筑群

City of Arts and Sciences

瓦伦西亚艺术科学城

Santiago Calatrava & Félix Candela

The building has an area of 350,000 square meters and is located in the city of Valencia on the southeast coast of Spain. It was developed by Santiago Calatrava and Félix Candela.

建筑占地35万平方米，位于西班牙东南部沿岸的瓦伦西亚市，由Santiago Calatrava和Félix Candela共同设计。

In 1957, the river Duria flooded and flooded the entire city of Valencia. Then the locals worked to transform the dried riverbed into a public park, invited Santiago Calatrava to design it, and officially started construction in 1996.

1957年，杜利亚河河水泛滥，淹没了瓦伦西亚整个城市。而后当地人致力于将干涸的河床改建为一个公共园区，邀请Santiago Calatrava设计，并于1996年正式动工。

This art and science city includes five major exhibition halls of the planetarium, museum, aquarium, art gallery and garden area. They are linked by clear water space and plants to form an architectural community.

这座艺术与科学城囊括天文馆、博物馆、海洋馆、艺术馆以及园林区五大展馆，经由清水空间和植物联结，构成一个建筑群落。

HEMISFÈRIC

Planetarium

The architectural concept originates from the human body itself, and the oval shape represents the eyes of human beings, the eyes of wisdom.

建筑理念来源于人体本身，椭圆形态代表着人类的双眼，即智慧之眼。

The spherical planetarium is covered by a transparent arched hood, and the roof is 110 meters long and 55.5 meters wide, which becomes the home of the projection hall.

球形天文馆被覆盖在一个透明的拱形罩下，屋顶长为110米，宽为55.5米，成为投影厅的圆顶。

There is a giant door in the external concrete structure. With the upward and downward opening and closing actions, a spherical IMAX theater resembling a pupil appears.

外部混凝土结构中设有一扇巨门，随着上下开启闭合的动作，形似瞳孔的球形IMAX影院出现。

The 24,000-meter-long ornamental lake is structured around the exhibition hall. In combination with the architecture, the designer hopes that visitors can increase their observation and reflection on the world through audiovisual projection.

占地24,000米的观赏湖环绕着展馆而建，与建筑相结合，设计师希望游客通过视听投影的方式增加对世界的观察与思考。

MUSEU DE LES CIÈNCIES

Science Museum

The overall construction area is over 42,000 square meters, and the design inspiration comes from tree branches and animal bones.

整体建筑面积超过42,000平方米，设计灵感来源于树状枝干以及动物骨骼。

The main body is a glass with a height of 40 meters and a steel frame with a mesh length of 241 meters. The two ends are symmetrical and a series of triangular diagonal stay members are juxtaposed.

主体为40米高玻璃高的玻璃与241米长网状钢架，两端对称，并置有一系列三角形斜拉构件。

Five concrete column piles are lined up like tree trunks to support the connection between the roof and the wall, and at the same time house the traffic and service pipelines inside.

5个混凝土柱桩一字排开，犹如树干一般支撑着屋顶与墙面的连接处，同时内部容纳交通与服务管线。

The museum holds the characteristics of modern architecture, and once became a symbol of modern Valencia, making the building itself a part of the collection.

博物馆具有现代建筑特质，一度成为瓦伦西亚现代化象征，使得建筑本身成为收藏内容的一部分。

OCEANOGRÀFIC

Aquarium

The building has a spectacular 26-meter-high sphere, and its shape mimics two wetland areas on the earth: mangrove swamps and cumin.

建筑外观呈高26米的壮观球体，其形态模拟了地球上的两个湿地地区：红树林沼泽和小茴香。

The unique dome design uses a parabolic shape resembling a water lily, while also containing Arctic igloo elements.

独特的圆顶设计运用了形似睡莲的抛物面图形，同时蕴含北极冰屋元素。

PALAU DE LES ARTS

Art theatre

The building has an area of 37,000 square meters and has a height of more than 70 meters. The curved structure is derived from weather elements.

建筑占地37,000平方米，高度超过70米，呈弯曲状的结构来源于羽毛元素。

The entire theater is located in the form of a lenticular lens, with two interactive shells on the outside, made of laminated steel and weighing about 3,000 tons.

整个剧院为双凸透镜形态，外部覆盖两块呈交互状的外壳，由层压钢制成，重约3,000吨。

The arc of the upper top plate resembles a curve drawn from the ground to the sky, resembling flowing feathers, and has excellent spatial tension.

上端顶板弧度仿若从地面划向天空的一道曲线，形似飘逸的羽毛，极富空间张力。

White concrete covers the entire surface of the building, ensuring that it is day and night.

白色混凝土覆盖了整个建筑表面，使其外表可昼夜发光。 

UMBRACLE

Courtyard Exhibition Area

It covers an area of 17,500 square meters, with a dome as high as 18 meters, which are distributed in an arc.

区域占地17,500平方米，穹顶高达18公尺，呈弧线状分布。

The inner garden is full of Valencia's native tree species, which produce different landscapes as the seasons change, and the exhibition area also exists as a building parking lot.

中央花园种满瓦伦西亚本地原生树种植物，随着季节变化而产生不同景观，同时展区也作为建筑停车场而存在。

Strong concrete buildings are connected by corridors, the open plazas and pools become a link to connect spatial relationships.

强劲的混凝土建筑之间由廊道相连，开放式广场以及水池成为联结空间关系的纽带。

The group of buildings seems to grow from a shallow pool, and the light and shadow of the building are recorded on the water at night, showing a completely different visual effect.

建筑群像犹如从浅浅的水池中生长出来，夜晚建筑光影倒映在水面，呈现出截然不同的视觉效果。

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*图片来源：Behance

 编辑排版：石昭琪 李娅楠

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