多伦多大学学院改造，历史建筑翻新典范

本项目是对多伦多大学学院的战略性改造与振兴，该建筑堪称校园中标志性的地标，同时也该校最古老的历史建筑之一。项目的核心挑战之一在于如何以富有全面性与凝聚力的设计手法对建筑的三个楼层进行改造翻新。设计的重点旨在将大学学院图书馆重新引入位于建筑二层的两座历史悠久的大厅中，这两座大厅正是图书馆于1890年学院失火前的旧址。

This project is the strategic and surgical revitalization of University College—an iconic landmark and one of the oldest buildings on campus. One of the main challenges was to maintain a comprehensive and cohesive design vision of the project over a scope that is disparately distributed throughout the building fabric, over 3 levels.  The keystone of the project is the re-introduction of the University College Library into the two historic Great Halls located on the second level of the building, where the library had originally existed prior to the fire of 1890.

▼项目概览，overall of the project

改造设计涉及多方面的问题，但其中最重要的一环在于如何保护并呈现出建筑的历史。设计通过在建筑中置入一系列全新的空间结构，创造出全新的交通空间，完善了空间的通达性，进而化解了建筑的遗留问题。包括坡道在内的空间策略巧妙应对了该历史建筑中的复杂水平变化，将原建筑交通空间的历史价值与现代空间的可达性无缝融合在一起，合理的照明设计与丰富的材质肌理进一步增强了空间中的戏剧性体验。此外，建筑师还为学院大楼增建了一部电梯，从历史庭院就能清晰地辨认出新增的现代建筑元素。该电梯结构的设计融入并补充了建筑的折衷主义以及独特的哥特式风格，同时在历史环境中创造出一座全新的地标，以高度的包容性与可达性开启了学院图书馆的新篇章。

This was a project with many design mandates, but most significantly, the design needed to address the building’s history as inaccessible. The project dismantles the legacy of physical barriers by not only providing the requirements for universal access, but by celebrating the architectural insertions that achieve it. Various strategies were implemented including the judicious use of ramping surfaces to navigate a gordian knot of level changes within the heritage circulation system. Accessibility merges seamlessly with the historic circulation, using lighting and materiality to provide enhanced and dramatic experiences. Additionally, a new elevator was added to the building; visible within the historical courtyard of the college, the design of this element engages and complements the eclectic and whimsical gothic style of the architecture, while creating a new icon expressing a new era of inclusivity and accessibility.

▼建筑外观概览，exterior view of the building

▼新增的电梯结构，new elevator structure

▼电梯外观细部，details of the elevator structure

▼电梯外观灯光效果，lighting effect of the elevator structure

本项目面临着一个基本的矛盾：大学需要现代化，需要拥抱新兴的学习技术，并培养平等性、包容性和多样性的意识。然而，作为一座遗产地标，学院在情感上和历史上都与其所在的建筑的历史紧密地联系在一起，体现了字面意义上的“篆刻在石头上”的传统和遗产价值。因此，设计旨在解决历史与现代不同需求之间的矛盾，力求为同类型项目树立一个可以参考借鉴的典范。项目中所采取的干预措施是当代的，但在形式上它们又好似始终是建筑的一部分，同时又以巧妙的手法回应了空间的可达性需求，彰显出设计的包容性与多样性。

This project faces a fundamental paradox: the university needs to modernize, embrace emerging technologies for learning, and foster awareness in issues of equal access, inclusivity, and diversity. Yet, as a heritage landmark, it is emotionally and historically tied to its heritage that embodies the traditions and legacies that are literally “set in stone”. Our design is an exemplar in resolving these diverse and contradictory requirements. The interventions are contemporary yet feel as though they have been part of the building all along, while celebrating issues of access, diversity, and inclusivity.

▼坡道系统，ramp system

▼现代化交通空间与历史建筑空间的融合，integration of modern circulation space and historic building space

▼19世纪建筑细部，details of 19th Century architecture

▼新旧融合，fusion of old and new

项目的设计方法从一开始就秉承着对历史建筑与其内部空间的敬畏与尊重。图书馆主要空间包括：全新的阅览室、会议中心、振兴教室、学生写作中心，以及新增的咖啡厅。诚然，为了满足上述所有功能空间的需求，这座百年历史建筑中整合了现代化的IT、照明、通风和机械系统，同时保留了空间的历史遗产价值与19世纪的建筑细节。

Our approach to this project was driven from the outset by a significant respect for the historic building and a reverence for the spaces within. Supporting the main space of the library are a new reading room, a conferencing center, rejuvenated classrooms, student writing center, and a new café. Of course, serving all the above, was the challenge to integrate new IT, lighting, A/V and mechanical systems within a century old building without it imposing itself on the beloved heritage spaces and 19 century architectural details.

▼图书馆二层走廊，corridor on the second floor of the library

▼图书馆，the library

▼图书馆底层空间，first floor of the library

▼图书馆中庭，atrium of the library

▼图书馆二层空间，second floor of the library

▼楼梯，staircase

▼楼梯细部，details of the staircase

▼楼梯与扶手栏杆细部，details of the staircase and the handrail

设计以及实际改造过程中付出的所有努力都旨在让干预部分接近现有的结构，以确保改造后的交通空间以及因现代化需求而增设的设备不会对珍贵的历史建筑质量造成损害。每一个新元素都仔细考虑了它与历史结构的关系，以及它如何服务于当代教育的要求，同时也兼顾到了学院未来的发展。

Every effort was made to approach the existing fabric deftly, to ensure the requirements for access and program modernization did not overwhelm or compromise the qualities of the building the community holds so dear. Every new element was carefully considered in its relationship to the historic fabric, but also in how it could service the requirements of contemporary education, both now and mindful of the future.

▼学生写作中心，student writing center

▼会议中心，conferencing center

▼阶梯教室，rejuvenated classrooms

▼会议室，conference room

夹层空间被构想为一件置入到建筑中的大型家具，该夹层结构几乎没有接触到历史灰泥墙壁，以巧妙的方式为建筑嵌入了重要的新基础设施层。然而，夹层的置入不仅是一种整合和应用新技术的干预手段，同时也为人们提供了一次与历史空间亲密接触的机会。项目的设计风格既不模仿也不抵抗原建筑的历史，而是旨在以精心的选材强调出建筑的折衷主义特征，使这座历史建筑迎合现在，面向未来。

▼阁楼夹层，mezzanine floor

▼历史楼梯，historical staircase

Client name: University of Toronto

Architect(s): KOHN SHNIER and ERA architects in Association

Architect team members:

KOHN SHNIER architects: John Shnier, Maggie Bennedsen, Amin Ebrahim, Tristan van Leur, Roxana Lilova, Kiana Mozayyan Esfahani

ERA: Graeme Stewart, Max Berg, Leah Gibling

Structural: Blackwell Engineering

Mechanical: HIDI

Electrical: HIDI

Lighting: Alula Lighting

Contractor: MJ Dixon (GC), Eventscape(Croft Chapter House acoustic canopy fabricator/contractor)

Lighting: Alula Lighting

Photographer: Doublespace

Project Opening: 2022

Original Building Completion: 1859

Project Size: 2230 m2