马诺卡竞技场“Tamís”遮阳结构丨西班牙丨NORA studio

多年以来，Manacor竞技场中的观众席一直设置在一个非常固定的区域。在这里长期观看比赛的观众们可以利用赛道周围的树木来遮挡阳光。新打造的结构丰富了竞技场的元素，其中主要打造了一个 “Tamís”的遮阳延伸结构。

▼项目视频，Video © Ricard López

For years now, people have been sitting in a verty specific area at the Manacor Hippodrome. A place where those regulars who have been watching the races for a long time take advantage of the shade cast by a tree on the perimeter of the circuit to take shelter from de sun. This new canteen project rescues elements from the hippodrome, such as the extension of this “Tamís” umbraculum or the galloping of the horses to give rise to the main shape of the structure.

▼项目概览，Overall view © Ricard López

设计者提出的设计方案是模糊竞技场的内外部空间边界，同时能够容纳投注区。设计者利用地形的高度试图将原有的混凝土长凳进行延伸，为观众们提供更宽敞的座位区。Tramex结构投影到地面上，形成网格状的阴影，同时隐藏自身的结构，在顶部形成连续性的视觉错觉。

▼结构生成图，structure generation © NORA studio

A programme is proposed in order to confuse the exterior space with the interior space, housing at the same time the function of a betting area. The elevation of the terrain seeks to be an extension of the old concrete bench to give away to a larger seating area for the public. The tramex grid is projected onto the floor, forming the desired shadow, while also hiding the structure and installations, creating an illusion of continuity in the false ceiling.

▼站在结构下看向竞技场，Standing under the structure looking towards the Hippodrome © Ricard López

▼从竞技场看向该结构，View of the structure from the Hippodrome © Ricard López

顶部结构被下面的柱子所支撑，这些柱子限定了该结构的围合范围，使其不触碰到周围的墙壁。设计者在打造这些结构时，对场地现状进行了保护工作，以便将这个地方的历史也纳入到项目设计当中。这个构筑物位于平台的正中央，这样的设置实现了人流的流通，并且鼓励人们在场地开放时能够穿越场地，或者在场地关闭时能够绕过它。与顶部结构一样，使结构与墙壁相分离这一设计提升了该项目的价值，同时也限制了新旧事物。与观众席一样，竞技场地也被遮蔽在了顶部结构之下，不透明的区域设置在距离赛道较远的区域，看台与场地内分隔开，并延伸到平台的表面，为观众们打造了一个类似盒子一样的区域。

The roof rests on pillars that limit the enclosure of the proyect without touching the perimeter walls. In these work of conservation of the pre-existence is carried out in order to incorporate the historical importance of the place into the project. The construction is located right in the centre of the platform. This creates circulations that encourage people to cross the site when it is open, or to go around it in order to reach the different uses when it is closed. Like the roof, this separation of the walls adds value to the project and limits the new from the old. Like the spectators, the programme is sheltered under the roof, it becomes one of them, and the more opaque area is farther away from the track, and the terrace is separated from what is really inside, extending over the entire surface of the platform and forming a box for the fans.

▼顶部结构，The roof structure © Ricard López

▼支撑顶部结构的柱子，Pillars supporting the roof structure © Ricard López

▼与周围的墙体分隔开，Separated from surrounding walls © Ricard López

无论是在这个结构的内部还是外部，tramex都占据了大部分面积，或作为隐藏装置的顶部结构，或作为遮挡部分光线的光线过滤器。从远处看，该结构的饰面给人一种连续性的感觉：白天时光线能够穿透它的网格，而在夜晚，它则成为了照亮场地的灯具。对角状的结构被架设在竞赛道上，观众们能够在不同时刻看到其曲折的投影：当人们走入这个结构，能够感受到投射下来的阴影或者隐藏在顶部的照明设施。

▼照明视频，Lighting video © Ricard López

Both, inside and outside, the tramex occupies the entire surface, as a false ceiling hiding the installations or as a filter for the passage of light. The finish, seen from a distance, gives a sense of continuity: during the day it will allow light to pass through its grid, and at night, it will hide the luminaires that will light up the venue. The diagonally shaped structure hides itself on the tramex, showing the spectators its zig-zag at different moments: when you are going to enter under the pergola, with the projection of the shadow on the ground or in the inclination of the luminaires on the false ceiling.

▼隐藏在顶部结构中的照明设施，Lighting hidden in the roof structure © Ricard López

▼结构细部，Details © Ricard López

最终，新打造的结构营造了一个顺应场地现状同时兼顾设计与功能的空间，设计者通过凸显原有的特点来对场地进行改善。

As a result, the new canteen is built as a space that understands the pre-existance and builds bridges between the design and the functional, improving the place by enhancing its current virtues.

▼夜览，Night view © Ricard López

▼局部平面图，plan © NORA studio