Casa Estudiantes 大学校舍丨墨西哥丨Brutal Taller de Arquitectura

Casa Estudiantes是一座为来自低收入家庭的学生修建的住所，以便他们在未来继续大学生活。该项目涵盖了以下功能：带浴室的女生和男生房间、客厅、厨房、餐厅、宿管住房、洗衣房以及停车区域。建筑的场地位于一条次要街道和主要街道的交汇处， 两侧长度分别为13米和16米，距离大学校园有15分钟的步行路程。校舍还邻近公交车站和杂货店，在位置上具有优越性。

Rancho Santa Martha, is a Casa Hogar that provides studies to low-income children, Casa Estudiantes is the lodging for them to continue their university studies. The architectural program is as follows; Women’s room with bathroom, men’s room with bathroom, living room, kitchen, dining room, caretaker’s room with bathroom, laundry room and parking. The property is 13 meters on a secondary street and 16 meters on a primary street, with a 15-minute walk to the university, close access to bus stops and grocery stores, it is the ideal location for the development of the project.

▼项目鸟瞰，Aerial view © Francisco Palacio

▼建筑外观，Exterior view © Francisco Palacio

▼入口立面，Entrance facade © Francisco Palacio

校舍的每个房间设有4张双层床铺，宿管房间设有一张大床，共计最多可以容纳18人。为了缓解拥挤的感受，天花板的高度被抬升，同时，房间内的独立露台和花池也有助于保持空气的新鲜和清洁。楼梯作为建筑的主轴连接了所有的空间，并为之赋予了视觉上的统一感。错落的动线保证了被动式的通风，对营造通透的内部空间起到了积极作用。

The program included 4 bunk beds per room and a Queen bed for the caretaker’s room, comfortably accommodating a maximum of 18 people, so we took great care of the feeling of overcrowding. To this end, all the spaces were given high ceilings. The rooms have independent terraces and planters that help keep the air clean and fresh; the main axis are the stairs, connecting all the spaces, uniting them visually and working as a passive stack ventilation, keeping the house fresh.

▼公共区域，Public area © Francisco Palacio

▼楼梯，Stairs © Francisco Palacio

男生和女生的房间避免了直接的连接，具体的做法是将位于同一空间的楼梯设置为相反的方向。女生宿舍的入口设置在门卫室前方，男生则需要先经过书房才能进入房间。这样的处理方式一方面能够保证空间的相互关联，促进交流和共融，另一方面也有助于维护居住者的安全。

One of the most important indications was that the men’s and women’s rooms were not directly connected, this to avoid any incident that represented a risk for the young people and the people in charge. The solution, two independent stairs that are located in the same space, but in opposite directions, keeping access to the women’s stairs in front of the caretakers room and the men going up first to the study and then to their room, connecting the spaces and promoting coexistence without neglecting the safety of all its inhabitants.

▼共享厨房，The shared kitchen © Francisco Palacio

▼客厅和浴室，Living room and bathroom © Francisco Palacio

考虑到该项目是依靠捐赠才得以落成，设计团队试图以最经济的方式实现简单的建造。建筑的墙壁采用了棕色的adoblock砖和普通砖材，外部覆盖以相同颜色的石膏，呈现出厚实而粗糙的感觉。这样的外墙不需要额外的维护，可以一直保持自然的观感。项目中的植物均来自于当地，包括原生植物和已经长期适应当地气候的植物，因此只需要少量的水来浇灌，同时还可以支持一些本地野生动物的生存。室内地面以抛光混凝土铺设，外部地面采用泥土和砾石，使雨水可以渗透进底层土壤，从而保证建筑的凉爽并防止倒影。

We seek the greatest economic and constructive simplicity that will be integrated into the concept of the project. This is because it was built through donations. The walls are made of brown adoblock and common block covered by a plaster of the same color, the finish is thick and rough with the intention of not requiring maintenance and achieving a natural appearance. All the plants are from the region, some natives and others adapted for years to the local climate, so they need minimal watering and can support some native wildlife. The interior floors are made of polished concrete and the exteriors are made of earth and gravel, permeating rainwater to the subsoil and keeping the building cooler without solar reflection.

▼建筑外墙和花池，The facade and planters © Francisco Palacio

▼外观局部，Building facade partial view © Francisco Palacio

设计十分注重建筑的尺度以及它的材料和颜色对于城市环境的影响。作为当地唯一一栋三层高的建筑，该项目需要与周围环境建立和谐的关系。考虑到这些因素，建筑错落的体量被布局在远离主要道路的位置，并尽可能地减少了实体的围墙。除了一些需要保证私密性的区域，其余的空间主要通过金属网和藤蔓来划定界限，这样可以同时照顾到过往行人的视觉感受。

We took great care of the scale of the building as well as its urban impact in terms of materials and colors, being the only three-story building in the area, we wanted it to integrate into its surroundings from the first day it was completed, for these reasons the staggered construction moving away from the main avenue and with the minimum of solid perimeter fencing, only in the spaces where greater privacy is needed, the rest was covered with mesh and vines, taking care of the visual scale of the pedestrians who cross its sidewalks.

▼沿道路视角，View from the avenue © Francisco Palacio

建筑的立面上设置了不同样式的花池，进一步强调出建筑错落有致的形态，并在点缀室内景观的同时保护外墙免受阳光直射。所有的植物，包括各类藤蔓、灌木和本地花卉，它们共同享有一个灌溉系统且只需要简单的维护。在不同的季节，这些植物将为建筑带来不同的色彩，

The facades are covered by different planters that emphasize the staggering of the building, embellish the interior views of windows and cover its facades, protecting from the sun and bathing its walls with vines, shrubs, flowers and regional agaves, all low maintenance and with a system of irrigation, giving the building different colors each season. We firmly believe that gardens are an indispensable part of architectural work, which is why they are anchored to the structure of the project and to the basis of how Casa Estudiantes is inhabited.

▼建筑与周边环境，The building and its surroundings © Francisco Palacio

▼一层平面图，Ground floor plan © Brutal Taller de Arquitectura

▼二层平面图，First floor plan © Brutal Taller de Arquitectura

▼三层平面图，Second floor plan © Brutal Taller de Arquitectura

▼剖面图01，Section 01 © Brutal Taller de Arquitectura

▼剖面图02，Section 02 © Brutal Taller de Arquitectura