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赫尔辛基舞蹈之家丨芬兰赫尔辛基丨JKMM Architects

2022/10/25 09:16:23

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舞蹈开始 DANCE BEGINS

近些年来，舞蹈作为一种受欢迎又有利于健康的娱乐方式，已成为芬兰人日常生活中的重要组成部分。从这个意义上说，一座专门用于舞蹈的建筑也会是为人们带来“幸福”和共同利益的基础设施。

In recent years, dance has become an important part of life in Finland as a popular form of recreation that contributes to people’s well-being. In this sense, a house dedicated for dance is part of the infrastructure for “happiness”, a common good.

▼项目概览，General view © Hannu Rytky

▼一座专门用于舞蹈的建筑，A house dedicated for dance © Tuomas Uusheimo

该建筑是由赫尔辛基的前电缆厂改造和扩建而来。既有建筑可以追溯到 1940 年代初，曾被用于生产船用电缆。到了 1990 年代，该建筑被赫尔辛基市收购。在今天，电缆厂已成为芬兰规模最大的文化中心，它包含博物馆、画廊、工作室、艺术学校等各类空间和功能，可服务数百名创意从业者和专业人士。

The building is a significant remodelling and extension of Helsinki’s former cable factory. Dating from the early 1940s, this is where, for example, marine cables were manufactured. In the early 1990s, the building was acquired by the City of Helsinki and, today, the Cable Factory is Finland’s largest cultural centre containing museums, galleries, studios, art schools and many other spaces and functions for hundreds of creative tenants and professionals.

▼鸟瞰，Aerial view© Hannu Rytky

▼街道层视角，View from the ground level © Marc Goodwin

舞蹈之家为前工厂的历史及其周围环境塑造了一个显著的现代层次。新的部分与旧的部分在发生对比的同时也进行着对话。从项目初期，入驻电缆厂的文艺从业者以及参观者便积极地参与了设计过程，他们的反馈对全面改造这座具有 30 年历史的文化中心起到了指导性的作用。

The Dance House adds a striking contemporary layer to the history of the former factory and its surroundings. The new and the old are placed in contrast, but also in dialogue with each other. The Cable Factory’s cultural and artistic tenants and visitors were actively engaged in the design process from the beginning. Their feedback has led to a major overhaul of the 30-year-old cultural centre during the construction project.

▼场地鸟瞰，Aerial view© Hannu Rytky

以舞蹈为灵感 DANCE AS AN INSPIRATION

舞蹈之家的建筑灵感源于舞蹈本身，它着重于研究舞蹈的基本原则，而不是其形式和审美。

The architecture of the Dance House was inspired by dance. The aim was to examine the underlying principles of dance rather than its forms and aesthetic.

▼设计手稿，Sketch© JKMM Architects

舞蹈涉及到重力、轻盈感和人体的重量。建筑的主立面由两座巨大的钢墙构成，它们拔地而起的姿态如同违背了重力一般。这两面墙壁彼此形成对话：其中一座墙由质地粗糙的锈蚀钢制成，另一座则采用了光滑闪亮的不锈钢。“漂浮”的金属立面采用激光焊接技术专门定做，为的是创造出具有最大金属表面的特殊夹层面板。

Dance deals with gravity, lightness, and the weight of the human body. The main façades consist of two gigantic steel walls, lifted from the ground hovering in the air, seemingly defying gravity. The two walls are in dialogue: one wall is made of rough rusted steel, another of shiny stainless steel. The “floating” metal facades were custom designed by using laser welding technology, to create bespoke sandwich panels with the biggest possible surfaces of metal.

▼主立面由两座巨大的钢墙构成，The main façades consist of two gigantic steel walls © Marc Goodwin

▼立面材质细节，Facade material detailed view© Hannu Rytky© Tuomas Uusheimo

舞蹈表演还会创造幻觉。入口广场的钢墙形成了一个巨大的反射表面，并会在夜晚散发光亮。绸缎般的浅色钢质表面会随着光线的变化而变化，从而成为不同舞蹈场景中的一部分。

Dance performances also create illusions. The steel wall of the entrance square forms a gigantic surface for reflections and light in the darkening evening. The light satin-like steel surface can be transformed with light, it can become a part of the scenery of the dance events.

▼入口广场视角，View from the entrance square © Peter Vuorenrinne

▼钢墙形成一个巨大的反射表面，The steel wall forms a gigantic surface© Hannu Rytky

▼绸缎般的浅色钢质表面，The light satin-like steel© Tuomas Uusheimo

朝向公园的北立面被数百个圆形铝盘覆盖，它们反射出天空的颜色，为建筑表面带来一种抽象的节奏感——节奏，亦是舞蹈的重要法则之一。

Facing the park, the North facades are covered by hundreds of circular aluminium discs. The discs create abstract rhythmic surfaces against the sky. Rhythm is also one of the key principles of dance.

▼东北视角，View from the northeast© Tuomas Uusheimo

▼北立面被数百个圆形铝盘覆盖© Hannu Rytky

The North facades are covered by hundreds of circular aluminium discs

▼北立面，North facade © Peter Vuorenrinne

▼立面细节，Facade detailed view© Hannu Rytky

舞蹈机器 MACHINE FOR DANCE

舞蹈之家就像是一台巨大的现代“舞蹈机器”，它与旧的工厂建筑连接在一起，具有工业化的尺度与机器零件般的细部构成。舞蹈之家为体验和表演舞蹈提供了最先进的技术设备。

The Dance House is like a huge modern “dance machine”, designed to connect to an old factory. The spaces are industrial in scale and the details can be identified as parts of a machine. The Dance House provides a state-of-the-art technology for experiencing and performing dance.

▼大厅，Lobby© Hannu Rytky

▼舞蹈之家与旧的工厂建筑连接在一起，The Dance House is designed to connect to an old factory© Hannu Rytky

▼结构细节，Detail© Hannu Rytky

这个 7000 平方米的项目容纳了两个黑盒子舞蹈剧场空间，其中“埃尔科大厅”（Erkko Hall）是北欧国家里最大的舞蹈表演空间：宽 26 米、深 37 米、高 24 米，且配备有包含 700 个座位的可移动望远镜座位系统。这处灵活的空间最多可以容纳 1000 人。埃尔科大厅的礼堂、舞台和侧台均可以彼此分离形成三个活动空间。电缆厂既有的“潘努大厅”（Pannu Hall）被重新设计为一个可以容纳 235 至 400 人的小型黑盒子剧场空间。总体上看，模块化的可移动座椅系统共包含 1100 个座位。除了舞蹈表演外，舞蹈之家的表演空间还同样适用于马戏等其他高要求的表演艺术。

▼首层平面图，Ground floor plan© JKMM Architects

The 7,000 sqm project contains two black-box dance theatre spaces. ‘Erkko Hall’ is the largest dance performance space in the Nordic countries: 26 metres wide, 37 metres deep and 24 metres high, including a mobile 700-seat telescope seating system. The flexible space can accommodate up to 1,000 people. The Erkko Hall’s auditorium, stage and side stage can also be separated to form three event spaces.

The Cable Factory’s old ‘Pannu Hall’ was redesigned into a smaller black-box theatre space for 235-400 people. The modular and movable seating system has a total of 1,100 seats.

The performance spaces of the Dance House are equally suitable for dance, circus, and other demanding performing arts.

▼埃尔科大厅是北欧国家里最大的舞蹈表演空间，‘Erkko Hall’ is the largest dance performance space in the Nordic countries© Tuomas Uusheimo

▼埃尔科大厅，Erkko Hall © Peter Vuorenrinne

▼原电缆厂的潘努大厅被重新设计为一个小型黑盒子剧场空间，The Cable Factory’s old ‘Pannu Hall’ was redesigned into a smaller black-box theatre space© Tuomas Uusheimo

▼潘努大厅，Pannu Hall© Tuomas Uusheimo

舞蹈之家如同为电缆厂安置了一颗新的心脏：玻璃屋顶覆盖了工厂两翼之间的户外庭院，并将其转变成一个多功能的入口和活动空间。在内部，除了舞蹈之家的几个剧场外，来访者还能看到大堂、餐厅以及被用作地下俱乐部和衣帽间的地下空间。舞蹈之家的后台设施包括演员休息室、培训工作室、更衣室和办公室等。不论是在剧场、大堂、玻璃庭院还是外面更远处的电缆广场，表演设施无处不在，与舞蹈相关的一切都在随时随地地发生。

The Dance House project houses a new heart for Cable Factory, a glazed roof to cover the outside courtyard space between the factory wings transforming it into multifunctional entrance and event space. Inside, in addition to the Dance House theatres, the visitor will find: the lobby; a restaurant; a cellar serving as an underground club and cloakroom. Back-of-house facilities include: the performers’ greenroom; a training studio; changing rooms; offices. Dance can spread everywhere: out of the halls to the lobby, glass courtyard and further out to Cable Square, all kitted out with performance facilities.

▼多功能入口和活动空间，Multifunctional entrance and event space© Peter Vuorenrinne