澴河环厕，湖北 / UAO瑞拓设计

限制的风景才是美景，建筑除了功能使用，还带给人美好的感觉；解决生理问题的建筑，却带来了心理上美好事物的感受。这两个公厕项目位于湖北孝昌澴河边，场地所在地花园镇为了举办龙舟节大赛，要对场地现有周边环境进行改造提升，包括新建广场、栈道、公厕、码头平台等。

The limited scenery is the true beautiful scenery, architecture can bring the beautiful feeling in addition to use function;can solve physiological problems as well as give wonderful psychological feelings. These two public toilets project is located near Hubei XiaoChang Huan river, Huayuan Town.In order to hold the Dragon Boat Festival Competition, the existing surrounding environment of this site should be upgraded, including new square, Boardwalk, public toilet, wharf platform , etc.

▼树林中的公厕，the toilet among the trees

现场多年生的松树，密集高大，场地原来有一个农村常见的简易旱厕，卫生状况堪忧。UAO创始人李涛在构思初期，将保留松树成为第一选择，根据实测的场地树木布置位置，设计了两个大小不同半径的环形建筑，巧妙的绕开了所有的松树。这贴合李涛一直坚持的“建筑和景观一体化”的实践理念：在这个项目中，建筑与植物的相互交融，使得建筑仿佛本身存在于场地很多年；而建筑成为松树的容器一般的载体，松树林将建筑包围，这是以景观师的思维模式在思考建筑设计：建筑如同植物放大的容器，将植物等自然要素放在建筑等人工要素前面的位置。

There are large expanses of perennial pine trees in the original site,but only one dry latrine with poor sanitation condition,which is common in Chinese rural areas.Li Tao,the founder of UAO,decided to take preserving these pine trees as the first choice.Thus,two annular buildings of different sizes were designed ,and all the pine trees were skillfully bypassed according to the measured location of these pine trees. This perfectly fits the concept of “blending of architecture and landscape ” that Li Tao has always insisted on: In this project, the integration of architecture and plants makes these two buildings seem to exist on the site for many years. The buildings are regarded as two large containers of the pine trees, and the pine forest surrounds them. Natural elements such as plants takes precedence, followed by artificial elements such as construction.This is how UAO uses the mode of thinking landscape to design buildings.

▼建筑与植物交融，blending of architecture and landscape

圆筒——规则几何外观的形体——在松林这种自然散布的状态中只出现了两个；通过这种纯粹几何感，它又与自然保持了适当的距离，形成一个辨识度。圆形是设计师人为刻意的结果，它用在这个简单项目上来验证尺度和空间，为将来的其他项目提供了原型的探索。

There only two cylinders,the regular geometries,in the pine forest.Pure geometry brings it self recognition while it keeps a proper distance from nature.This geometry is designed intentional by Li Tao,who regards this project as a experiment to verify the sense of scale and spatial sense of the “round” building, as well as to provide a prototype exploration for other projects in the future.

▼圆筒状外观，the regular geometry

圆形建筑的布局，男女两个公厕分列于入口广场两边，女厕稍小，男厕稍大。男女厕的外墙上的标志，用红砖砌筑突出墙面的“凸凹”两字，算是设计师开的一个小小的玩笑，其实也是结合砖本身的材质砌筑特性而来的方案。红砖的砌筑特性还体现在留孔的花格式砌法，容易创造出多变的光影，结合圆形洞口的光影使得这个环形厕所在一天的阳光变化下，投影在不断发生变化，带了了戏剧般的空间效果。在清水红砖墙的立面，穿插砌筑了玻璃砖，这个玻璃砖在夜景的时候使得公厕变得具有标示性，把一般日常的公共建筑变得浪漫.

The building has a circular layout with men and woman’s public toilets listed on both sides of the entrance square. The woman’s toilets are slightly smaller than the man’s room. The logo ,”concave-convex” in Chinese ,of man’s toilets and woman’s on the external wall was also made by red brick and the idea of it was inspire by the characteristics of brick. These special characteristics of it are also used to build holes like flower puzzle, in order to create variable light and shadows,which creates dramatic and dynamic space effect combined with shadow of circular inner courtyard.Glass bricks were also used intermixed in the external wall to make these two building more significant and romantic.

▼男女公厕标识，signs

▼入口，entrance

环形内院的气氛，更使得上厕所的过程变成了一种放松感，从外面的松树天空，过渡到内院的圆形裁剪过的天空。这个给人的心里暗示是：你还是在室外上厕所，但是你的隐私却是得到保证的：这满足一般人想在室外上厕所的冲动，又把最好的风景送到你的眼前。上厕所的人，还有一个行为模式是：沿着环形走廊走一圈，才会离开。1米2高半遮挡的环形花格子墙，满足了这种探知和好奇的心理。选择环形建筑内院的原因，也是考虑到公厕的通风实际功能，尽可能的增加开口面积，实现自然通风换气。

From the outside sky filled with the pine trees to the rounded sky cut by the circular inner courtyard,this courtyard builds a interesting atmosphere, which makes people feel relax during using toilets.It gives people a psychological hint :they are in the outdoor toilet,but their privacy is still guaranteed.This will satisfy the impulse of most people who want to go to toilets outdoors ,while seeing the best scenery.There is another behavior pattern of these people which is,they intend to will walk around the corridor before leaving. This 1.2-meter-high wall with semi-blocked-flower lattice meet their psychology need of exploration and curious.The reason for the shape of the courtyard is that the actual function of the toilets was taken into account.UAO try to increase opening area and to achieve natural ventilation as much as possible.

▼环形内院，the round inside

松树林遮天蔽日，在顶部形成了建筑的第二层“大屋顶”；这导致松树下的所有活动，室外和室内的界限已经模糊。环形建筑内院这种感觉尤其强烈，环形的清水混凝土顶带给人只是屋檐的感觉，而松树带给人第二层自然屋顶的感觉。圆形内院把人的视线引上天空，因为有了圆形的画框，松树这种再普通不过的树木，变成了一幅生动的画。

Covering the sun, the pine forest forms a second “roof” of the building and all the activities are guided under the pine trees,which makes the boundary between the outdoors and indoor blurred.This feeling is particularly strong when people are in the building. The round inner courtyard lead sight to the sky, and the shape of it makes it a perfect circular frame,which makes these common pine trees a vivid picture.

▼圆形内院如同画框，the round shape of it makes it a perfect circular frame

为了保证几何体量的纯粹性，建筑材料其内墙、外墙都选择了清水红砖墙；这个也是考虑到当地施工队的工艺水平，保证项目建成有一定容错性。事实证明这个选择是对的，在赶工期阶段，内墙就不需要贴瓷砖，地面也用小青砖围绕环形做弧度铺设，它耐脏、吸水，也符合郊野公厕的卫生管理粗放的实际需求。所有的混凝土浇筑后，只刷了清漆处理，这也是李涛在“陆方茶室”项目中总结试验的保护清水混凝土的土办法。

UAO choose red brick as the material of building in order to ensure the purity of the geometric volume and error tolerance considering construction technology of local building workers.It’s proved to be right eventually:walls won’t need to be decorated with tiles on the deadline;dirt resistance and water absorption of it makes it easy to manage after being put into use.All the concrete was brushed only on varnish after being cast.

▼内外清水红砖墙，red brick walls

在拍摄夜景的当天，有一个妈妈带着小女孩经过，小女孩问：这是谁家的房子，这么漂亮啊？妈妈答：傻孩子，这是公共厕所！小女孩奶声奶气地说：我觉得是星星的房子和月亮的房子。摄影师抬头看，还真是：男厕所外墙，玻璃砖透出的光线，使得男厕如同被星光包裹；女厕所大门，刚好透出内部环形游廊对景的圆形洞门，如同一轮圆月。

On the shooting night, a little girl passed by with her mother.The girl asked: Who owns this beautiful house? Her mother said: this is just a public toilet! The little girl whispered: I think it is the house of the stars and moon.The photographer looked up and found it real: the light coming through glass brick of man’s toilet made it like surrounded by stars.And the female toilet door revealed the round door inside like a round moon.

▼公厕如星光包裹， the light coming through glass brick and made it like surrounded by stars

浪漫就是这样，没有被设计师发现，却被日常使用者发现，这也许就是设计师李涛的本意吧：建筑除了功能使用，还带给人美好的感觉；本来是解决生理问题的建筑，却带来了心理上美好事物的感受。

That’s what romance is,not found by the designer although,but found by users of it.Maybe that’s what designer Li Tao meant: architecture should bring people good feeling besides the function of it.This architecture,Round toilet around Huan River ,was built for solving the physiological problems, but it can also giving users wonderful psychological feelings.

▼夜色中的公厕，toilet in the night

▼模型图，model

▼平面图，plan

设计团队：UAO瑞拓设计 主创设计师：李涛 团队：李龙、陆洲、申剑侠、董昊、祖丽君 中文: 李涛 英文：张留阳 摄影：李涛、李梦琳、申剑侠(航拍部分) 项目地址：湖北孝昌 建成时间：2017年 Design team: UAO Chief designer: Li Tao Team: Li Long、Lu Zhou、Shen Jianxia、Dong Hao、Zu Lijun Chinese Text: Li Tao English Text: Zhang Liuyang Photography: Li Tao、Menli、Shen Jianxia (aerial part) Project Address: XiaoChang, Hubei Time: 2017

Chinese & English text: UAO