美国新罕布什尔州Gemma天文台 / Anmahian Winton Architects

这座私人天文台位于新罕布什尔州一个人迹罕至的山顶。露出地表的花岗岩构成了场地粗原始的地貌。与光污染绝缘，半径辐射至三英里开外的“暗”景观构成了天文观测的绝佳场所。

This private astronomical observatory is located on a remote mountain summit in central New Hampshire. The site is characterized by granite outcroppings and is situated at the center of a three-mile radius “dark” landscape with very little light pollution to obstruct astronomical viewing.

▼位于山顶的天文台，the astronomical observatory on a remote summit ©Image courtesy Anmahian Winton Architects

Gemma天文台没有采用传统的穹顶设计。其建筑形式来自于可用空间的最大化及对岩石丛生的环境的回应。它的连续的钻石表面般的立面反映了周围的地形，阶梯状的混凝土平台成为山顶的岩床和建筑地基之间的过渡。将自然景观与人造景观编织在一起。

Gemma’s design rejects a traditional dome in favor of a synthesized architectural form that maximizes usable space and responds to the stark geographic context. Its continuously faceted shape reflects the surrounding landform, and terraced concrete platforms transition between the summit’s bedrock and the building foundation, knitting together natural and man-made landscapes.

▼自然景观与人造景观编织在一起，natural and man-made landscapes knitting together ©Image courtesy Anmahian Winton Architects

不同寻常的锁边锌板覆层缓和了不规则地形和建筑几何之间的对比，反映了Gemma天文台作为地理和天文地标的定位。它的尺度、颜色和氧化表层唤起了与灰色花岗岩岩层的材质关系。而它优良的热传导性能则减小了因温度不均衡对天文观测的干扰。

An unconventional pattern of lock-seamed zinc cladding mediates between the irregular site topography and the building’s geometry, reflecting Gemma’s orientation to both geological and celestial landmarks. Its dimension, color, and patina evoke a material relationship to the gray granite outcroppings, while its heat transfer capability facilitates sky observation by minimizing temperature differential distortion.

▼锁边锌板立面，lock-seamed zinc cladding ©Image courtesy Anmahian Winton Architects

作为建筑外部及其环境的对立面，室内空间以冷杉胶合板打造。在严酷的自然环境中，创造了一个温暖的避难所。一层由研究办公室、床铺和暖室组成，超隔热层避免了由于室内外温差导致的涡流而对天文观测的干扰。从悬挑的入口雨棚进入室内，首先看到的是一座螺旋梯。沿着螺旋梯往上，会看到立面上有一个开口，后者通往室外观测平台。顺着螺旋梯继续上行，就抵达了位于多面体角楼的主要观测台。高耸的天花、巨大的望远镜和镜头阵列构成了室内空间的主体。一个人就可以使用一个通常用于高精度制造业的组件手动旋转角楼屋面，并手摇滑动舱口将望远镜对准天空。锌板中的开口形成了角窗。当角楼旋转至南方的主位时，从角窗中将可以看到北极星正对着窗口。

▼轴测图，Axonometric projection

▼位于顶层的主要观测台，primary viewing platform ©Image courtesy Anmahian Winton Architects

▼观测台外景， exterior view of the observation platform ©Image courtesy Anmahian Winton Architects

As a counterpoint to the exterior and its context, the interior is lined with fir plywood, creating a haven of refuge and warmth from the harsh surroundings. The first floor is comprised of a research office, sleeping bunk, and warming room, and is super-insulated to prevent interior/exterior temperature differentials from creating heat eddies that would impede astronomical viewing. A helical stair leads from the cantilevered entry canopy to a fissure in the cladding that opens onto the exterior observation deck. Continuing, the stair arrives at the observatory’s primary viewing platform inside the faceted turret, its interior characterized by high ceilings, a larger telescope, and a camera array. A single person can rotate this turret by hand with an assembly typically used in high-precision manufacturing facilities, and a hand-cranked sliding hatch opens the telescope to the sky. A rift in the zinc cladding creates a corner window, framing Polaris when the turret is locked into the southern cardinal position.

▼黄昏时的观测台，光从缝隙中透出，the observatory at dusk, with light penetrating from the fissure ©Image courtesy Anmahian Winton Architects

▼楼梯通往二层平台，stairs leading to the outdoor platform ©Image courtesy Anmahian Winton Architects

▼夜景，night view ©Image courtesy Anmahian Winton Architects

▼总平面图，siteplan

▼平面图，plan

▼立面图，elevation

▼剖面图，section

▼锌板立面展开图，unfold zinc siding pattern for digital fabrication

Architect: Alex Anmahian AIA, Nick Winton AIA, Project Manager: Mazen Sakr Team: Anika Gramsey, Travis Williams General Contractor: Patriots Builders – Scott Estabrooks Structural Engineers: RSE, Associates, Inc. – Sofya Auren P.E.