“帐篷”下的集会所 & 挪威Algard教堂 / LINK

Ålgård位于Stavanger市郊，人们经常在这里集会，举办丰富多彩的活动，新教堂便落址于此。项目的建造目标之一是在教堂中设置尽可能多的功能，这就要求设计在保证教堂基本功能的前提下，创造便于使用的办公室、教室、咖啡厅等空间。建筑师降低地下层以容纳不同功能，将教堂空间单独设置于地上，使其不受其他活动的影响。这一解决方法合理而且有效，让这座教堂自然而又与众不同。项目的另一个要求是教堂必须采用清晰的基督教形式并有图像标识。建筑的整体如同从地面生长出来，随周围的山坡缓缓上升，指向天空，其如雕塑般丰富的造型满足了业主对形式的要求。

Ålgård, just out side Stavanger, is a very vibrant congregation with many activities. One of the aims for the new church was bringing together as many functions as possible under one roof. A challenge with the project was to create suitable rooms for offices, classrooms, and a café, without affecting the actual Church space. By partially lowering the ground floor into the terrain, suitable space was generated to accommodate the range of functions, leaving the sacral space undisturbed on the upper floor. A logical and functional solution that makes the sanctuary a natural and prominent center. Another requirement from the congregation was that the church should have an iconic character and a clear christian style. The building’s dynamic sculptural form solved this request. The holistic appearance evolves out of the landscape, extending towards the sky whilst mirroring the shape and slope of the surrounding terrain.

▼建筑外观，其形态与环境相对应，external view of the building, the shape corresponded to the landscape

教堂的结构以方形和三角形为基础。在基督教中，三角形代表三位一体，方形象征地球及其四个角落。这两种元素不仅构成了建筑的形态，还表明了建筑的功能。方形的一条对角线为建筑主轴，沿着这条轴线依次设置了广场，楼梯，前室和教堂主殿，人们可以在去主殿的路上让心情平静，为典礼做好准备。主殿祭坛设置在方形的一角，座椅围绕其布置，角落中12米高的蓝色玻璃装饰品成为了人们视线的焦点。

The structure of the church is based on the square and the triangle. In Christianity, the triangle symbolizes the trinity. The square with its four corners symbolizes the earth with its four world corners. This duality is implemented into the shape of the building and into the functions it represents. The main axis is one of the squares diagonals. From the plaza, up the stairs, through the foyer and into the holy church room you walk along this diagonal axis. Thereby you have time to prepare for the ceremony. The church room is rotated so everybody looks towards the corner in which the altarpiece, a 12 meters high glass slab articulated with designs in blue color is located.

▼建筑一层平面呈方形，F1 plan in square shape

被漆成白色的木制墙面和白色屋顶采用轻质软结构，如同帐篷一般，其一端向上翘起，光和景观通过玻璃幕墙进入建筑之中。屋顶被分割成三角形，每隔一个就被拉起形成天窗，为室内提供充足光照。帐篷还象征着移民，同时赋予了建筑迷人的现代形态。

The white painted wooden façade and the white roof resembles a tent canvas. A light soft structure, which is lifted up at places where it is needed for daylight and view. The transparent façade is a curtain wall in glass. The roof is divided into triangles and every second one has been cut open and lifted, bringing in light into to the spaces under. The tent symbolizes migration and it gives the building an inviting modern shape.

▼建筑屋顶上有开窗，邻墓地一侧设有可做露天剧场使用的公园，skylight on the roof, a park is designed between the building and the cemetery which could be used as an amphitheater

▼建筑入口，以悬挑屋檐覆盖，entrance sheltered by cantilevered eave

建筑的屋顶结构暴露在主殿内，主要由胶合木梁构成的三角形网格组成，每隔一个三角形就设置一个向上抬起的天窗，将阳光反射入室内，其视觉效果如同传统教堂圆顶的折射光，可以说是使用现代结构对传统教堂空间进行了解读。未开作天窗的三角形下设置了LED灯，藏在半透明的织物后。阳光除了可以从建筑北立面的玻璃幕墙射入室内，还可以穿过屋顶抬起的一角一直照射到房间后部。立面上的垂直开口让光可以从不同角度照亮祭坛上方的玻璃装饰品，并且使这个角落与建筑分离开来，形成一个象征教堂塔楼的垂直体量。

The building’s shape defines the roof structure as a modern interpretation of a traditional church vault. The main structure consists of glulam beams in a network of triangles, exposed in the Church room. Every second triangle is tilted upwards and reflects the light into the church. The result is an optical refraction as seen in traditional dome vaults. The closed triangles on the other hand, are designed with built-in LED lights behind a translucent textile. Additional daylight enters the church by the northern façade, where the corner point is lifted slightly upwards allowing the light to fall along the floor in the back of the room. Vertical openings in the façade provide additional daylight on either side of the building’s high altarpiece made of glass. These openings separate the corner of the building, creating a vertical object resembling a church tower.

▼屋顶结构模型，roof structure model

▼标志性的十字架，立面为漆成白色的木材，iconic cross on the top, the facade is made by wood painted in white

主殿的地面向祭坛下陷半米，形成四层座位，让不同身高的人都可以看清祭坛。祭坛的高度和两侧及入口层持平，轮椅可以无障碍地驶入。根据要求，建筑被设计成统一的整体，木制地面和台阶创造了一个鲜明而均质的结构。

The floor in the church room has a fall towards the chancel. The sitting area is terracing down four levels, half a meter in total. The chancel correspond with the floor on the side and the entrance level, thereby making it accessible for people in wheelchairs. The different levels are making it possible for all people to see whatever their height is. The Church is designed in accordance to the requirements for universal design. The wooden floor and steps has the same material creating an articulated and homogeneous structure.

▼主殿室内，蓝色玻璃制的祭坛装饰品为视觉中心，阳光可通过幕墙和垂直开口照入，interior of the church room, the altarpiece made by blue glass is the visual center, sunlight could enter from the glazing and vertical opennings

▼屋顶的木结构暴露在室内空间中，祭坛的高度和两侧一样，the wooden structure of the roof could be seen from interior,  the height of the chancel is the same to the side floor

▼三角形网格下天窗和灯间隔布置，every second triangle is open as skylight

景观设计让教堂与周边的乡村环境融为一体。教堂和墓地之间由一座可做室外剧场使用的公园隔开，人们可以在其中开办演唱会，举行体育赛事或其他活动。建筑的主入口开向街边的城市广场，上方由白色的圆锥曲线形悬挑屋檐覆盖，展开的楼梯如同欢迎的手臂，因此这里被主教称为“张开双臂的教堂”。

The landscape design merges the church into the surrounding countryside. A park separates the cemetery form the church. The area can be equipped with an amphitheater. A stage suitable for concerts, sports and other activities. The main entrance is situated towards the urban plaza by the street. The white conic shaped cantilevers shelter the main entrance. From there the staircase spreads like a fan inviting people in to the church. This shape if the reason why the bishop named it “church of the open arms”

▼入口楼梯与景观相结合，将人迎入建筑，the stairs at the entrance combine with the landscape, inviting people into the architecture

▼夜景渲染，night view rendering

▼总平面图，site plan

▼地下层平面图，ground floor plan

▼剖面图，section

Measures: New building Acquisition: Public Location: Rettedalen 7, Ålgård, Norway Client: Gjesdal Kirkelige Fellesråd Gross Area: 1 980 m2 Status: Completed March 2015 Disciplines: Interior/Architecture/Landscape