绿墙咖啡厅，西班牙 / Antonio Maciá A&D

2013年埃尔切市公布了35个意图改造的城市空间，将它们转变成咖啡厅或音乐亭之类的小型建筑。圣伊莎贝尔广场是最有趣的地点之一，它所在的位置有着非常优越的环境条件，围绕在它周边的建筑有：圣玛利亚教堂——曾经是阿拉伯城墙的一部分，阿尔塔米拉宫，以及位列世界遗产名录的埃尔切市政公园。

The municipality of Elche launched in 2013 a list of 35 urban spaces for their transformation through the construction of cafeterias and bandstands. Number 25 was one of the most interesting places: Santa Isabel Square. This spot in the city has extraordinary urban conditions due to relevance of the buildings allocated in its surroundings: Basilica of Santa María (s. XVIII), a tower which once was part of the Arabian city wall, Palace of Altamira (s. XV) and the Municipal Park of Elche (World Heritage).

竞赛的组织者希望在此打造一个20㎡的咖啡厅，室外的人行空间可以用作室外餐饮区，另外老旧、空白的隔墙需要装点一新。建筑师的目的是让这一坐落于城市标志性地点的空白区重新焕发生机，他们设计了一座看不见的建筑，这样一来不会跟周边的环境形成冲突。垂直绿化的建筑表面成为这个项目的重点，其下覆盖的空间内包括卫生间、储藏室以及咖啡厅厨房；其余的广场空间则都用作室外餐饮。

The organization of the competition demanded for this space a cafeteria of 20m2 with a terrace over the existing pavement and a green wall dressing and old-empty dividing wall. Our main goal was, from the very beginning to regenerate this residual area located in such an emblematic spot of the city. In order to so we decided todesign an invisible architecture that wouldn’t compete with its old neighbors and also in order to make the new vertical garden the main focus of our intervention. Therefore we built a quasi-vertical garden which accommodates therein the construction of the cafeteria, restrooms and storage room, leaving the rest of the square free for the terrace to appear.

为建造这一项目，建筑师先沿着已有墙面搭建三角形的钢骨架，其上再覆盖可以加载灌溉系统和植被的pvc膜和毛毡。垂直花园的面积有150㎡，由3000种不同的地中海植物构成，其中不乏稀缺性的、地方性的品种。水培灌溉系统和多品种的物种组合可以实现自然传粉，而且无需使用农药。值得特别指出的是，这面绿墙每年可以制造100余人所需要的氧气，固定70吨废气，26公斤的重金属，以及14公斤的粉尘。

The construction work started with the construction of a triangulated structure formed by steel profiles fixed to the existing diving wall covered by two membranes (PVC and felt) which accommodate the irrigation system and plants. The garden is a tile of 150m2 large made up of over 3000 different Mediterranean species, some of them endemic and singular (Mirto, Hipérico, Lavanda, Carex, Tulbalghia, Pennisetum or Lampranto are few of them). Thanks to its hydroponic irrigation system and the mentioned selection of plants the use of pesticides is not required for its maintenance what fosters natural pollination. It should be pointed out that this green wall is able to create oxygen for over 100 people, it will catch 70 tons of gases, more than 26 kilos of heavy metals and almost 14 kilos of dust in a year.

▼构造分析图，Construction diagram

▼植被分析图，the layout of different species

此外，该项目中还包括一小块演奏区和室外影院。同时，广场上使用的阳伞，都是用当地艺术家绘制的帆布制作而成。

The whole intervention is completed with a small concert area and an outdoor cinema. Also, connected to the project there has been an artistic intervention in which the umbrellas of the terrace have been used as canvas that some local artists have painted on.

▼立面图，facade

▼平面图，plan

▼剖面图，section

主持建筑师：Antonio MaciáMateu 团队：Ana Mora Vitoria. Architect;Laura BrotonsMartínez. Architect;VerónicaLeuzziBetosini. Architect; 项目管理：Rebeca Cebrián. Architect;Elena Rogel 园艺：PaisajismoUrbano S.L. 照明：TECNOLUZ S.L. 面积：20㎡+120㎡ 造价：75.000€ 摄影：David Frutos

Project: A cafeteria within a green wall Author:Antonio Maciá A&D Team leader: Antonio MaciáMateu Team: Ana Mora Vitoria. Architect;Laura BrotonsMartínez. Architect;VerónicaLeuzziBetosini. Architect; Construction Managemet: Rebeca Cebrián. Architect;Elena Rogel Gardening: PaisajismoUrbano S.L. Lighting: TECNOLUZ S.L. Area: 20㎡+120㎡ Cost: 75.000€ Client: MUSEUM