昆山城市生态森林公园游客中心，江苏 / 阿科米星

昆山城市生态森林公园位于昆山市西北部距市中心4公里处，总面积3150亩，是一个免费向公众开放的城市公园。在森林公园南入口的左侧沿河原是一个售楼处，基地面积约1310平方米，业主希望利用这块地，在原售楼处的建设范围内为森林公园新建一个游客中心，用作综合服务、公园与城市管理使用，也希望这个建筑能与公园景观融合。我们也注意到原售楼处北面的绿地，面积虽大但十分消极，因此希望利用这次建设机会，将其组织起来供游客使用。

Kunshan Urban Ecological Forest Park is located at the northwest of Kunshan City, approximately 4 km from the city center, covering a total area of 3,150 Mu. It is a city park open to the public freely. On the left side of the south entrance, along the river, there was originally a sales office with a site area of approximately 1,310 m2. To make good use of this land, the owner decided to build here a new visitor center. The new building will be used for comprehensive services, park and urban administration. It was also expected that the building can be integrated with the landscape. We have also noticed that there is a big green space to the north of the site, rather unattractive, we decide to include this space into the design for visitors.

▼项目鸟瞰，Aerial view of the project © 吴清山

▼从湖面望向建筑，building viewing from the river © 吴清山

▼从林中望向建筑，building viewing from the forest © 吴清山

设计并不复杂，这是一个采用“化整为零”的方法组成的小建筑聚落。各部分的功能设置自由灵活，满足开始时的多样功能需要，同时适应日后可能的变化。聚落布局使场所可以穿越，让人们能够到达后面的林地与水岸。这些小建筑中的一部分被盖以一个方孔金属格栅顶，形成一片带盖的半户外空间，用作举办公共活动与休息中庭，其实更准确的说这是一处亭子空间。

The design is not complex at all; we have created a small architectural cluster by adopting an approach called “break up the whole into parts”. Each part has flexible functions to meet initial multiple needs and adapt to potential future changes. Visitors can reach the woodlands and waterfront in the back by passing through the cluster. Some of these small buildings are covered by a square perforated metal grille roof. Such design creates a semi- covered outdoor space, for hosting public activities and as a lounge space. To be precise, it is a pavilion-like space.

▼“化整为零”的建筑聚落，a small architectural cluster broken from a whole © 吴清山

▼概览，overview © 吴清山

▼方孔金属格栅顶，a square perforated metal grille roof © 吴清山

设计从形式与空间的组织来看，可以形象地概括为——“小屋子与大亭子”。小屋子的造型都是二层的坡屋顶，表面为原色的铝镁锰板和玻璃，薄壁的格栅顶盖约22米X32米见方，整体深灰色，中间局部设置玻璃顶盖用于防雨。

▼轴测分解图，Decomposed axonometric drawing © 吴清山

In terms of form and spatial organization, the design can be vividly described as “small houses and large pavilions”. The small houses are two-story, designed with pitched roof. Their surface is made of natural-colored aluminum-magnesium-manganese panels and glass. The thin-gridded roof cover measures approximately 22m x 32m square and is overall in a deep gray color, with glass roof covers in the middle to prevent rainwater.

▼“小屋子与大亭子”，”small houses and large pavilions” © 吴清山

▼内部斑驳的光影，interior mottled shade © 吴清山

▼休息座椅，seatings © 吴清山

这个顶盖的结构采用了平面1.8X1.8m、高700mm的薄壁钢板单元模块，构成镂空格子单梁。组成的方格梁体系中，梁与梁之间填充了相同尺寸的铝板格栅（平面300X300mm、高700mm）。钢板与铝板同为深灰色，由此形成视觉上一体化的300mm见方的薄壁格栅顶盖，仿佛是一个均质的结构。

▼格栅结构示意图，beam structure of roof analysis diagram © 吴清山

The structure of this roof adopts thin-walled steel plate square units with a dimension of 1.8X1.8m and a height of 700mm, which forms a perforated grid single beam. Within the composed grid beam system, spaces between beams are filled with aluminum plate grids of the same dimensions (plan 300x300mm, height 700mm). Both the steel plate and aluminum plate are in deep gray color. At this point, a 300mm square thin-walled grid roof cover is visually integrated. It looks like a homogeneous structure.

▼格栅顶盖，grid roof cover  © 吴清山

这个特别的顶盖，最初来自于一个我们没有实现的设计，那个设计原想实验一个全钢的薄壁方格格栅顶盖，作为建筑的整体屋顶覆盖。经设计计算太阳高度角，屋顶需要900mm的厚度才能形成四季都有自然均质光线却无投影的室内光环境，可惜最后未能实施。这次在昆山的 “大亭子”的设计中，我们采用了薄壁格栅顶的形式，简化了结构，节约了造价。同时，通过计算日照高度角，这次却想要营造一个有投影的环境，营造一种身处森林，日光洒落树影斑驳的感受。

This unique roof originated from another design that we did not implement before. The original design aimed to experiment with an all-steel thin-walled square grid roof as the overall roof covering of the building. After calculating the solar altitude angle, we drew a conclusion that in order to achieve a shadowless indoor lighting environment with natural homogeneous light all year round, the roof thickness has to reach 900mm. Unfortunately, this former design was not implemented. In current design, the “large pavilion” in Kunshan, we opted for the form of a thin-walled grid roof, which is a simplified and cost saving structure. In the meantime, by calculating the solar altitude angle, on the contrary, we aimed to create an environment with shadows where visitors will have a moment of forest, under the sunshine and mottled shade.

▼夜景概览，overview at night  © 吴清山

▼夜景局部，night partial view  © 吴清山

▼一层平面图，first floor plan © Atelier Archmixing

▼二层及屋顶平面图，second and roof floor plan © Atelier Archmixing

▼立面图，elevation © Atelier Archmixing

▼剖面图，section © Atelier Archmixing

项目名称： 昆山城市生态森林公园游客中心 类型： 服务配套/改造 地点： 苏州市昆山市马鞍山西路818号 城市生态森林公园内 设计/建成时间：2022.04.24/2023.08.07 建筑面积：1025.62平方米 占地面积：675平方米 状态： 建成 设计：阿科米星建筑设计事务所 / 庄慎、任皓、唐煜、朱捷 设计团队： 庄慎、朱捷、游诗雨、张婕、刘倩、王菁菁、徐雍皓（实习） 业主： 昆山城市建设投资发展集团有限公司 结构设计：源规建筑结构设计事务所（普通合伙） 机电单位：中诚建筑设计有限公司 幕墙单位：上海迅发建设工程有限公司 智能化设计：西兰花数字科技（苏州）有限公司 施工单位：江苏凯翔建设集团有限公司 摄影： 吴清山 主要面材： 铝锰镁板/山东亚泰新材料科技有限公司 钢板/江苏沙钢集团 玻璃/苏州华东镀膜玻璃有限公司   Project: Visitor Center of Kunshan Urban Ecological Forest Park Location: No. 818 West Ma’anshan Rd., Kunshan, Suzhou, China Type: Service support Date: 2022.04.24/2023.08.07 Building area: 1025.62 m2 Area: 675 m2 Status: Completed Design: Atelier Archmixing/ ZHUANG Shen, REN Hao, TANG Yu, ZHU Jie Design team: ZHUANG Shen, ZHU Jie, YOU Shiyu, ZHANG Jie, LIU Qian, WANG Jingjing, XU Yonghao(intern) Client: Kunshan City Construction Investment&Development Group Co., Ltd. Structural design：Shanghai Wildness Structural Des. Firm Inc. (General Partnership) Engineer: Zhongcheng Architectural Design Co., Ltd. Facade engineering：Everich Decoration & Engineering Co., Ltd. Intelligent design：Sieland Digital Technology (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. Constructor: Jiangsu Kaixiang Construction Group Co., Ltd. Photograph: WU Qingshan Brand/Product AL-Mn-Mg alloy sheet/ Shandong Yatai New Material Technology Co., Ltd. Steel/ Jiangsu Shagang Steel Co., Ltd Glass/ Suzhou Huadong Coating Technology Co., Ltd