杜塞尔多夫拱廊街丨德国杜塞尔多夫丨Studio Daniel Libeskind

Architect：Studio Daniel Libeskind

Location：Düsseldorf, Germany

Project Year：2014

Category：Offices;Commercial Landscape

Stories By：LICHTVISION;Studio Daniel Libeskind;ZinCo GmbH

In the centre of Dusseldorf, a new commercial building with high-quality retail shops and offices has been created. The Kö-Bogen is characterised by its striking façade of white natural stone and glass, which is opened on the north and west sides by five diagonal incisions. These cuts run across several floors and are planted with lush greens. The east and south façades are characterised by the horizontal façade structure, which is complemented by louvres.

To live up to the buildings attractive urban location between an public park and a famous high street, an appropriate night setting was implemented. The east and south façades facing the city are discreetly brightened from light steles. The passage between the two building complexes enables the transition from the hustle and bustle of the city to the tranquillity of the park. The passage itself, as well as the façades, are illuminated by four additional light steles. The north and west façades were deliberately not illuminated in respect of the adjacent park and the courtyard garden. Only the prominent façade incisions are carefully staged, and their three-dimensionality made tangible. Invisible to pedestrians, direct surface-mounted spotlights were integrated into the plant troughs and illuminate the side of the cutswalls. Flush floor recessed luminaires were used at walkway level. Two sculpturally designed intake structures are placed in front of the east façade. On each of two sides, linear recessed floor luminaires create an unobtrusive glimmer of light and enable the elements to be perceived in the urban space at night.

The representative entrance areas are characterised by an alternation of dark and light surfaces, some of which are offset. Recessed light lines with satin-finish covers relate to the interior design and create a graphic image. Backlit surfaces in the ceiling, on the walls and in the floor structure the dark surfaces and create a unique and concise interior design.

In the courtyards the lighting is based on the same design approaches, with the preservation of visual relationships and glare-free lighting for the users in focus. Diffuse recessed floor light lines were arranged along selected planters, creating orientation and pathway lighting and supporting the graphic image created by the exciting interplay of different floor coverings. Larger tree plantings are accentuated by recessed floor luminaires and, together with the recessed floor light lines, create a harmonious overall concept that allows the users of the semi-public inner courtyards comfortable and flexible use and, at the same time, provides the tenants in the adjacent offices with a pleasant view in the evening hours. Linear luminaires integrated into the parapet create discreet orientation lighting on the roof of the bridge that connects the two parts of the building.

Kö-Bogen, currently under construction, is a six-story 432,300-square-foot office and retail complex in downtown Düsseldorf and marks an important transition between urban space and landscape. Two city blocks will be joined with one continuous roof line, forming a unified space for walking, shopping and working. The building will also create a connected space between the Schadowplatz, a pedestrian street, and the Hofgarten, the central park in Düsseldorf.

A two-story connecting bridge with roof terrace will connect the east and west blocks of Kö-Bogen and between the two blocks will be green courtyards, which will alsp provide generous daylight to the interior spaces. Permeated cuts into Kö-Bogen itself will allow for the landscape to naturally blend and flow into the building space. The green courtyards and green roof become part of a new environment that bridges urban space with park space, a fitting entryway to and from the Hofgarten.

The project is being realized by by Studio Daniel Libeskind (SDL) with Architekt Daniel Libeskind AG (ADL).

Kö-Bogen, the luxury shopping and office mile in the heart of Düsseldorf, the capital of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, is shaping the cityscape. It is not only the innovative design of this six-storey complex created by Daniel Libeskind that is extraordinary but also the fact that it has been awarded LEED Platinum Certification for sustainable building. The green design plan includes about 4000 m² of extensive green roof at a height of 26 m, about 1500 m² of roof garden for each of the green courtyards on the third and fourth storeys and 1200 m² of paving for the forecourt at ground level, above the underground garage. Greenery has also claimed its place in the bizarre incisions in the façade, enabling these “permeated green cuts” to bring the adjacent green courtyard into the building. The concepts have all been a huge success thanks to the use of the appropriate ZinCo green roof technology.

In assumingg Kö-Bogen from the project developer “the developer“ Projektentwicklung GmbH, Cologne/Düsseldorf, the current owner, Art-Invest Real Estate, has acquired a prestigious property. This contemporary and highly-functional building complex consists of a shopping area and restaurants across three levels, three levels with office space and an underground garage also over three levels. . The name Kö-Bogen is taken from the arc (Bogen) that is drawn by the street on the boundary of the Hofgarten park towards Königsallee (Kö) street. The two buildings connected by a bridge take up the contour of the Hofgarten to the North and follow the building line to the West of the Königsallee. To the South and East, the building complex discloses an undulating curved silhouette. The passageway between the buildings allows direct access to the quiet zones of the Hofgarten and the Landskrone lake.

The architecture of Daniel Libeskind In addition to the very special shape of the building, the façade made of glass, white stone and greened diagonal “cuts” speaks its very own language. It is joined by contemporary roof gardens with plant beds set among the patterns made by paving stones, and expansive green roof areas.

“Buildings – contrary to popular belief – are not inanimate objects. They live and breathe and, just like us people, they have an inner and an outer self and a body and a soul”, according to the philosophy of the architect, Daniel Libeskind. The work of the New Yorker can be seen worldwide and ranges from museum buildings, convention centres, universities, hotels and shopping malls to residential projects. What sets his designs apart is that the buildings are represented as having their own identity within their given cultural context.

Precision tailoring Usable open space for the building of Kö-Bogen became available once parts of the infrastructure for trams and cars were relocated below ground. The contractors were faced with a considerable challenge regarding the logistics of the project, due to the fact that the first stages of the civil engineering projects, i.e. tunnel construction, the reinstatement of the former “Tausendfüßler” elevated road and the creation of a pedestrian promenade, coincided with the timing of the structural engineering project, the building of Kö-Bogen.

The foundation for all the roof areas of the Kö-Bogen complex is a root-resistant, bituminous roof waterproofing membrane, regardless of whether it’s for the “warm” roofs of the buildings and the inner courtyards or on the “inverted” roof of the underground garage, where the waterproofing is protected beneath the thermal insulation layer. ZinCo provided tailor-made solutions, from extensive to intensive green roof to forecourt surfaces for pathways and driveways, to suit each individual building in the Kö-Bogen complex for each type of individual use.

Extensive green areas The drainage and water storage element Floraset FS 50 is the core element of the build-up used for the approx. 4000 m² of extensive green roof in the building complex. The Floraset FS 50 elements made from expanded polystyrene (EPS) are particularly suited for such large roof areas with minimum pitch and lengthy drainage routes, where puddles can be expected to form. The installation of 50 mm high elements with their underlying, continuous channel system, ensures the required elevation over the standing water. On the upper side, water retention cells provide for a supply of water suited to the given plants and the openings ensure diffusion and aeration. Transport and handling on the building site is not a problem given the light weight of the Floraset FS 50 elements. The system filter SF is installed over the drainage layer and this is followed by 8 – 10 cm of substrate. Pre-cultivated vegetation mats were installed around the areas at the roof edge due to the wind suction at an altitude of 26 m, and Sedum cuttings were sown in the other areas. Just one year after sowing, full coverage has been achieved, as can be seen in the recent photos.

A work of art with paving and plants The two courtyard roofs that make up the 1500 m² of intensive green roof is each a work of art in itself, with a linear paving pattern, created using large-size, light and dark paving stones and a wide variety of plant beds in many sizes, heights and shapes, incorporated into the areas between the paved areas.

The ZinCo drainage mat Fixodrive FX 50 is a permanently reliable basis for the stylish design. As it is supplied as a pre-laminated roll, quick installation is guaranteed. A good, solid bond is made thanks to the interlocking studs along the long side, allowing for drainage across the entire area beneath the green and paved areas. The Düsseldorf landscape architect, Sebastian Fürst, worked together with Daniel Libeskind on these unique roof gardens with their plants from native grasses, ferns, perennials, bushes and small trees, just as they did for the five diagonal “permeated cuts” in the façade. Floating garden in the “cuts“ The permeated cuts are on the north and western elevations of the buildings and cut cross a number of storeys. Within the five metre wide and two metre deep “cuts” there are additional sloped levels. The permanent growth of the evergreens and the robust plants that were chosen is ensured thanks to the drainage and protection mat Fixodrain XD 20, in combination with varying substrate depths, underground anchoring of the bushes as protection against erosion and wind suction, automatic irrigation, fertilisation, heating and lighting.

Pedestrian area and loading area on the forecourt An area of about 1200 m² of the forecourt is actually roof area as it is situated directly above the underground garage. Given that not only pedestrians but also vehicles such as delivery vans and emergency service vehicles will be using this area, the paving structure had to be designed to carry the required loads. The extremely pressure-resistant drainage element Stabilodrain SD 30 is ideal for use beneath driveways, particularly on inverted roofs: it is vapour diffusive and therefore allows moisture to diffuse out.

Winner of an MIPIM Award and LEED Platinum-certified Kö-Bogen was awarded the prestigious MIPIM Award for “Best Urban Regeneration Project” in March 2014, in Cannes. This award is referred to as the “Oscar of the real estate sector”. Six months later, the building was granted certification according to the American system “Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design” (LEED), at the highest classification level: LEED Platinum. This internationally-recognised, sustainable building standard is awarded by the US Green Building Council. The decisive factors in this certification award were, among others, resource-conserving building, the use of renewable energy and heat recovery and also the 47% proportion of green area of the overall project. The extensive green roof, in particular, provides a large water infiltration area and, therefore, a high level of water retention.

Kö-Bogen is the first milestone and a prestigious example of the many activities that are required for the creation of a contemporary urban setting in downtown Düsseldorf, between the Schauspielhaus theatre, the Dreischeiben skyscraper, the Hofgarten park and Johanneskirche.

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