Kauhikoa核心住宅丨美国夏威夷丨Spiegel Aihara Workshop（SAW）

在夏威夷的毛伊岛上，Spiegel Aihara Workshop（SAW）设计了 Kauhikoa 核心住宅，这是一座拥有两间卧室的住宅，看起来像是一座翻滚中的房子，优雅地坠入了原菠萝种植园的场地中。

SAW 将这座房屋构想为“预制混合体”：从一个标准化的核心区开始，用于布置家中最复杂且通常较为昂贵的设施，如浴室和机械设备，建筑师采用不同的预制方法和传统的框架建造，从而留出其余空间满足其他需求。

但由于疫情问题中断了预制过程，Kauhikoa 核心住宅最终还是采用了传统的现场施工方法，这座住宅成功地展示了“核心型住宅”的设计理念以及它所带来的简便高效性。

▼建筑概览，Overview of the building©Mariko Reed

Haiku, HI – Spiegel Aihara Workshop (SAW) has designed the Kauhikoa Core House on the island of Maui, a two-bedroom home that appears as a tumbling set of forms settling gracefully into the landscape of its site, a former pineapple plantation. The house was conceived of by SAW as a “prefabrication hybrid”: a concept that starts with a standardized central core for a home’s most technically complex and traditionally expensive functions, such as bathrooms and mechanical equipment, and allowing for different methodologies of prefabrication or conventional framing to be built around it, freeing up the rest of the structure to respond simply and directly to its context. While Kauhikoa Core House was ultimately stick-built due to pandemic-related interruptions to the pre-fabrication process, the home is a successful prototype for the organizational principle of the “Core House” and the ease and efficiency it provides.

▼体量特写，Close-up of the volume©Mariko Reed

这栋 812 平方英尺（约 75 平方米）的房子是为一对在印度尼西亚和茂宜岛之间往返的夫妻建造的。房子有两间卧室、两间浴室、一个客厅和一个厨房，还有额外的 236 平方英尺（约 22 平方米）的阁楼空间用于工作和储物，以及 1000 平方英尺（约 93 平方米）的室外覆盖空间，包括一个作为室外客厅的大阳台，连接着几个小阳台。

由 SAW 和 Dustin Stephens 共同开发的 163 平方英尺（约 15 平方米）的核心区域，包含了两间浴室、厨房水槽和橱柜墙，以及机械系统，核心模块两侧是两间卧室，居中的是开放式厨房和客厅。这个精心安排的核心区域有助于最大化房子的开放空间和流通性，特别是强调了户外空间的重要性，从而适应夫妻的生活方式和夏威夷的气候。

SAW 的联合创始人 Dan Spiegel 表示：“超级紧凑的核心区域通过其邻近性来定义每个房间的功能。它承载了相邻空间的功能基因。不需要过道或缓冲区域，全部是居住空间，三面空间都与自然景观无缝相融。”

▼分析图，Diagram©SAW

▼立面，Facade©Mariko Reed

▼动态的体量，Dynamic volume©Mariko Reed

The 812-square-foot home was built for a couple who splits time between Indonesia and Maui. It contains two bedrooms, two bathrooms, living room and kitchen, an additional 236 sq feet of lofted work and storage space as well as an additional 1000 square feet of covered outdoor space, including a large lanai that functions as an outdoor living room connected to continuous smaller lanais.

The 163-sf Core module, developed by SAW in collaboration with Dustin Stephens, holds the two bathrooms, kitchen sink and cabinetry wall, and mechanical systems; and is flanked by the two bedrooms on either side, centering the open kitchen and living spaces.

The careful arrangement of domestic service functions within the core helps to choreograph and maximize open space and easy circulation throughout the rest of the home, and particularly allows for the distinct framing of the outdoor spaces as central to the couple’s lifestyle and supported by the Hawaiian climate.

Says SAW co-founder Dan Spiegel, “The super-compact Core programs each room, just by its adjacency. It carries the DNA of the functions of the adjoining space. There’s no need for anything in between – no hallways, no buffered transitions – just spaces of inhabitation, always embedded in the landscape on 3 sides.”

▼傍晚，At dusk©Mariko Reed

这栋房子有一个引人注目的模块化屏风系统，由在巴厘岛预制的按规律缩窄的柚木板组成，它可以过滤强劲的东风和早晨的阳光，同时提供了一个储物系统，用来放置夏威夷生活中的物品：自行车、冲浪板、潜水服和沙滩椅，这些都放在室外淋浴旁，而这也是主要的淋浴区。房子的屋顶和一个独立的 438 平方英尺（约 41 平方米）的车库及娱乐亭的屋顶像倾斜的方块一样，彼此交错，形成类似山景的效果。房子的屋顶延伸部分将连续的阳台建造工作简单化，这些阳台连接在公共空间周围，还为主卧提供了一个阁楼工作区（带有一个阳台以便欣赏景色），一个集成在核心模块顶部的储物阁楼在坡度较低的一端提供了一个私密、独立的客房套间，遮挡了南面的阳光。所有的室内和室外家具都是由房主在印度尼西亚定制的。

▼局部特写，Partial close-up©Mariko Reed

A striking, modularized screen system of rhythmically tapering pre-fabricated teak panels assembled in Bali, filters the strong eastern winds and morning sun, while providing a racking system for the implements of Hawaiian life: bicycles, surfboards, wetsuits, and beach chairs beside the outdoor shower, which is used as the primary shower. The shed roofs of the house and an adjacent freestanding 438-square-foot garage and recreation pavilion, are tilted off their axes like tumbling cubes, their forms playing off of one another to resemble a mountain landscape. For the house, the resulting roof overhang provides for the simple construction of the multiple continuous lanais, connected across the common space, and allowing for the lofted work space in the primary bedroom (with a balcony to capture the view), a storage loft integrated into the top of the Core, and the private, intimate, and the fully separable guest suite towards the low end of the slope, shielding the southern sun. All indoor and outdoor furniture, provided by the homeowners, were custom-made in Indonesia.

▼半开放空间，Semi-open spaces©Mariko Reed

在自然景观中，这栋房子坐落在地块的后半部分，靠近密林环绕的山谷边缘，主要的生活空间面向太平洋和哈雷阿卡拉火山，朝向西边的日落景色。房子的独特形态，像翻滚的几何形状，象征着地平线上波浪的抽象运动。

In the context of the landscape, the house perches towards the back corner of the lot against the densely forested edge of a gully, directing the primary living spaces outwards to views of the Pacific Ocean and Haleakala volcano in opposite directions, and opening up towards the sunset in the west. Its unique massing, the aforementioned tumbling set of forms, references the abstract movement of waves on the horizon.

▼客厅，Living spaces©Mariko Reed

▼厨房，Kitchen©Mariko Reed

▼储物空间，Storage©Mariko Reed

这里的景观非常灵动。站在这个地点，你能感受到风和海浪从各个方向雕刻并塑造了这个岛屿。我们觉得建筑应该既有扎根感，又能以一种充满趣味的方式参与这种多方向的变幻。从街道看去，这栋建筑显得独特，仿佛与周围的景观融为一体。当你沿着车道转弯时，建筑逐渐向你展开，你会看到它是如何深深融入这片土地的。——SAW 的联合创始人 Megumi Aihara

The landscape here is so dynamic, standing on the site, you can start to feel how the winds and waves carved and faceted the island from all directions. We felt it was important for the building to feel rooted, but also playfully engaging in this multi-directional transformation. The approach from the street suggests something unusual had settled there into the landscape. Then when you turn along the driveway, the building opens up to you and you see how it has come to deeply belong.

——SAW co-founder Megumi Aihara

▼景色宜人，Pleasant views©Mariko Reed

在茂宜岛，材料短缺、劳动力有限和复杂的天气条件常常导致房屋建造成本高且质量低，Kauhikoa 核心住宅则是一个相反的例子，它展示了如何以经济实惠的方式建造高质量的房屋，提供了一种高质量设计的平价模式。SAW 的联合创始人 Dan Spiegel 说：“这是高低设计的混合——精心设计的空间和场地策略，但采用低成本的装饰和简约的细节。几个大范围的简单手法奠定了一切的基础。”

▼卧室，Bedroom©Mariko Reed

▼卫生间，Toilet©Mariko Reed

On Maui, where a scarcity of materials, limited labor, and construction complexity due to erratic weather can lead to expensive, low-quality housing stock, the Kauhikoa Core House is an example of an inexpensively built home that responds elegantly and progressively to its context, providing a model for high-quality design at an affordable price. Ultimately, says SAW co-founder Dan Spiegel, “It’s a mix of high and low design – carefully calibrated spaces and site strategy, but low cost finishes and loose details. A few big, simple moves set everything up.”

▼复式空间，Loft©Mariko Reed

▼爬梯特写，Close-up of the ladder©Mariko Reed

其中一个房主热爱冲浪且勇敢无畏，担任了总承包商，并亲自完成了大部分工作。通过这次合作，他被夏威夷美丽的景色深深吸引，现在正在夏威夷大学攻读建筑学研究生学位。

One of the homeowners, an avid surfer with an intrepid mindset, served as the general contractor and constructed much of the work himself. Enthralled by the process of reading the Hawaiian landscape through collaboration and design, he is now pursuing a graduate architecture degree at the University of Hawaii.

▼模型，Model©SAW

▼效果图，Renderings©SAW

▼轴测图，Axonometric©SAW

▼装配示意，Construction diagram©SAW

▼总平面图，Masterplan©SAW

▼首层平面图，Ground floor plan©SAW

▼二层平面图，Second floor plan©SAW

▼剖面图，Section©SAW

Project Credits:

Architecture / Landscape Architecture: SAW

Core Collaborator: Dustin Stephens

Structural Engineer: GFDS (Chris Wilson)

General Contractor / Client: Jez Fry

Products:

Marine Grade Plywood Exterior Panels

Fleetwood Door/Window

Milgard Trinsic windows

Custom Teak Panelized Screen

Custom Teak Furniture

Standing Seam Metal Roof

Cast In Place Concrete