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山东省菏泽市郓城文化艺术中心 / 天津大学设计总院·顾志宏工作室

2024/05/22 11:08:12

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既当代又中国的创作追求，以及对中国传统文化的传承与发展，是许多当代中国建筑师探索与追寻的方向，本项目希望能够在既当代又中国的中国文化建筑创作和文化传承发展方面做出一点探索与实践。

The pursuit of contemporary and Chinese creation, as well as the inheritance and development of traditional Chinese culture, is the direction that many contemporary Chinese architects explore and pursue. This project hopes to make some exploration and practice in the creation, inheritance and development of Chinese cultural architecture that is both contemporary and Chinese.

项目用地位于山东省西南部，中国牡丹之乡的菏泽市郓城南湖新区核心区。拥有三千年历史的郓城被称为“中国好汉之乡”，是水浒故事的发祥地，拥有优秀的传统文化和民间艺术。本项目作为郓城的文化艺术中心，是由大剧院、群众艺术中心、档案馆与科技馆组成的一个完整的文化建筑群。

The project site is located in the core area of Nanhuxinqu, Yuncheng, Heze City, known as the hometown of peonies in Shandong Province in southwestern China. With a history of 3,000 years, Yuncheng is known as the “hometown of Chinese heroes” and is the birthplace of the Shuihu story. And has outstanding traditional culture and folk art. As the cultural and art center of Yuncheng, this project is a cultural building group composed of Grand Theater, Mass Art Center, Archives and Science and Technology Museum.

▼文化中心成为郓城南湖新区核心区的城市空间引领，The cultural center has become the leading urban space in the core area of Yuncheng Nanhu New District ©魏刚

▼山东省郓城文化艺术中心全景航拍，Panoramic aerial photo of Yuncheng Culture and Art Center ©魏刚

如何在拥有如此深厚文化底蕴和地域特色的鲁西南土地上创作一个具有当地地域和传统文化内涵的当代文化建筑群，是建筑师需要慎重思考的问题。建筑师试图在本项目中既不割裂历史，也不盲目复古，而是从大文化传承的角度去思考，探索如何在当代建筑创作语境下更积极、得体地传承中国传统文化。

How to create a contemporary cultural building group with local and traditional cultural connotations on the land of southwestern Shandong with such profound cultural heritage and regional characteristics is a problem that architects need to think carefully. The architects are attempting to neither sever ties with history nor blindly replicate the vintage style in this project, but rather to consider from the perspective of “Great cultural inheritance” and explore how to inherit Chinese traditional culture more actively and appropriately in the context of contemporary architectural creation.

▼大剧院与档案馆建筑空间组合，The spatial combination of the Grand theatre and the archive building ©直译建筑摄影

▼融入城市生活的文化艺术中心建筑空间，Cultural and Art center integrated into urban life ©直译建筑摄影

▼既当代又中国的大文化传承方式，Both contemporary and Chinese cultural inheritance ©直译建筑摄影

当我们建筑师思考如何传承的时候，需要首先思考我们真正希望传承的是什么？建筑师希望避免从那些狭义的中国传统建筑空间形式的角度去传承，而是把视角拓展到大文化的角度，去寻找中华民族的性格共性、审美共性、文化共性。这些共性可能体现在美术、文艺、器物、哲学、思想、生活习俗、观点等各个生活方面，用更加含蓄和内敛的方式，去继承和发扬中国的传统文化。

When we architects think about how to inherit, we need to first think about what we really want to pass on. The architects hope to avoid inheriting from the narrow perspective of traditional Chinese architectural space forms, but expand the perspective to “Great Culture”, to find the character commonness, aesthetic commonness and cultural commonness of the Chinese nation. These commonalities may be reflected in art, literature and art, artifacts, philosophy, thoughts, customs, viewpoints and other aspects of life, in a more implicit and introverted way to inherit and carry forward Chinese traditional culture.

▼既当代又中国的大文化传承方式，Both contemporary and Chinese cultural inheritance ©魏刚

然而，文化传承也并非只是一个文化共情的大概念，在本项目的创作中，建筑师希望更清晰地把握在地性的时空特征。时间——郓城是具有三千年历史的著名宋代水浒之城；空间——郓城作为鲁西南的民间艺术文化名城，具有深厚的地域文化特色和独特的气质韵味。这样的特质会体现到风俗、器物、艺术气质上。因此，在大文化传承中把握时空特征，一方面不能太实，符号化具象化地集中在建筑上；一方面又不能太虚，笼统地讲传承中华文化。而是应该从某些方面把笼统的说法转化为更能把握的文化基因，从笼统的大中华文化中因地制宜地、精确地把握时空在地性。这种时空在地性一定是抽象内敛的，精神层面的。郓城文化艺术中心的建筑颜色使用中国红和中国灰的碰撞，朴拙与明快颜色的对撞，在建筑交叉丰富的空间中，形成强烈的碰撞关系，给人一种强烈的艺术感受。它既有现代的中国艺术范儿，也是中国传统审美所追求的境界。就如宋代园林一般，朴素的灰色、黑色、原木色，配上一种鲜亮的颜色做点缀。它不像明清宫廷风给人华丽的感觉，而是朴拙的美，展现了民间的、水浒文化的、奔放激昂的美，是山东郓城历史底蕴的一种时代展现。

However, cultural inheritance is not just a big concept of cultural empathy. In the creation of this project, the architects wanted to grasp the local spatial and temporal characteristics more clearly. Time – Yuncheng is a famous Shuihu city of the Song Dynasty with a history of 3000 years. Space – As a famous folk art and cultural city in the southwest of Shandong Province, Yuncheng has profound regional and cultural characteristics and unique temperament and charm. Such characteristics will be reflected in customs, artifacts and artistic temperament. Therefore, to grasp the characteristics of time and space in the “Great Cultural Inheritance”, on the one hand, it cannot be too real, symbolic and concrete focus on the architecture; On the one hand, we should not be too empty and talk about inheriting Chinese culture in general. Instead, we should transform the general statement into a more manageable cultural gene from some aspects, and accurately grasp the locality of time and space in accordance with local conditions from the Great Chinese culture. The local nature of this kind of time and space must be abstract and introverted and spiritual. The architectural color of Yuncheng Culture and Art Center uses the collision of Chinese red and Chinese gray. The collision of simplicity and bright colors forms a strong collision relationship in the intersecting and rich space of the building, giving people a strong artistic feeling. It not only has the modern Chinese art style, but also accord with Chinese traditional aesthetics. Just like the Song Dynasty garden, plain gray, black, raw wood color, and embellished with a bright color. It is not like the gorgerous feeling from palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties, but simple beauty, which shows the folk, Shuihu culture, unrestrained and passionate beauty, is a kind of time display of the historical details of Yuncheng, Shandong Province.

▼大剧院，The Grand theatre ©魏刚

▼档案馆，The Archive ©魏刚

▼科技馆，The Science and technology museum ©直译建筑摄影

当代建筑空间承载现代使用功能，无法刻意的、符号化的、简单的理解传承。整个艺术中心建筑体型全部是现代体型，具有强烈当代性和未来性，没有一点是为了迎合传统而形成的。建筑师避免采用传统建筑的形式，而是更多的从文化内涵，从大文化的角度，用现代的方式去展现对传统文化的理解。整体建筑群朴素、厚重、利落，体现了一种朴拙的气质和豪迈大气之美，也正是当地宋代水浒历史文化的一种体现。同时，建筑界面不同于西方文化那种清晰的几何界面，而是用丰富的空间渗透关系形成的框景、流动的室内外、半室内外的一种空间的转换关系，实现了中国人审美中的内涵之美，也是中国很多器物中所体现的文人雅士的趣味之美。

Contemporary architectural space carries the function of modern use, which can not be deliberately, symbolized and simply integrated with inheritance. The architecture of the art center is all modern, with strong modernity and futurity, and none of it is formed to cater to tradition. Architects avoid using the form of traditional architecture, but more from the cultural connotation, from the perspective of “Great Culture”, with a modern way to show the understanding of traditional culture. At the same time, the architectural interface is different from the clear geometric interface of Western culture, but a spatial transformation relationship of framed landscape, flowing indoor and outdoor space, semi-indoor and outdoor formed by rich spatial infiltration relations, realizing the beauty of connotation in Chinese aesthetics, which is also the interesting beauty of literati and elegant scholars embodied in many Chinese artifacts.

▼“时尚而传统”的文化传承方式，”Fashionable and traditional” way of cultural inheritance ©魏刚

▼建筑与景观的画框，Frames of architecture and landscape ©魏刚

▼近景，Closer view ©魏刚

▼细部，Details ©魏刚

▼雪景，Snow scenery ©魏刚

▼既当代又中国的室内空间，Contemporary and Chinese interior space ©直译建筑摄影

▼既当代又中国的室内空间，Contemporary and Chinese interior space ©魏刚

文化中心建筑群的不同建筑通过不同的表情表达不同的文化意味。档案馆更凸显厚重的历史气息和当地几千年历史沉淀的感觉。群众艺术馆则是通过活跃的颜色碰撞，带来令人激昂的氛围与艺术范儿。在科技馆的设计中，突出了一种朦胧的科技美，形体上几个巧妙的、切削的、转折的斜面，体现了东方文化从变化的角度认识世界，立面飘逸、现代的穿孔板材质，加上渐变的肌理，形成一种朦胧的“纱”的感觉，既体现了探索科技奥秘的神秘感，又有东方文化那种朦胧感。在这组建筑群中，不同的建筑既体现了各自不同的功能和文化内涵，通过院落广场组织在一起，又形成了一个丰富现代的建筑群。这个群体的丰富性来源于它的功能本质。建筑师没有刻意的为了展现文化，而损失其本身应该表达的空间魅力和功能本质，同时流露出丰富的、耐人寻味的空间趣味和文化内涵，这也是中国传统艺术一直追寻的真是内敛的文化精神。

Different buildings of the cultural building group express different cultural meanings through different expressions. The archives highlight the heavy historical flavor and the feeling of thousands of years of local history. The Mass Art Museum brings an exciting atmosphere and artistic style through active color collisions. In this building group, different buildings not only reflect their different functions and cultural connotations, but also form a rich modern building group through the courtyard square. The richness of this group comes from its functional nature. The architects did not deliberately lose the spatial charm and functional essence that it should express in order to show culture, but at the same time revealed rich and intriguing spatial interest and cultural connotation, which is also the real restrained cultural spirit that traditional Chinese art has been pursuing.

▼既当代又中国的建筑空间，Contemporary and Chinese interior space ©直译建筑摄影

▼大剧院与档案馆相连的半室外空间，Semi-outdoor space connected to the Grand Theatre and archives ©直译建筑摄影

▼ 既当代又中国的建筑空间，

A contemporary and Chinese architectural space ©直译建筑摄影

▼大剧院入口大厅空间，Grand Theatre entrance hall space ©直译建筑摄影

▼大剧院室内空间，Grand Theater interior space ©直译建筑摄影

▼科技馆室内共享空间，Science and Technology Museum indoor shared space ©直译建筑摄影

总之，我们希望郓城文化艺术中心既当代又中国。结合千年古韵的优雅气息与鲁西南民间的朴拙奔放之美，蕴含中华民族特有的审美追求并耐人寻味，是一个可以引起深深的文化认同和共鸣的当代中国的文化艺术建筑群。

In a word, we hope Yuncheng Culture and Arts Center is both contemporary and Chinese. Combining the elegant flavor of the thousand-year-old rhyme with the simple and unrestrained beauty of the folk in the southwest of Shandong Province, containing the unique aesthetic pursuit of the Chinese nation and being intriguing, which is a contemporary Chinese culture and art center that can arouse deep cultural identity and resonance.