草原明珠 | 呼伦贝尔海拉尔机场 T2 航站楼

呼伦贝尔海拉尔机场位于内蒙古呼伦贝尔市海拉尔区，以世界最美草原、十佳冰雪城市的美誉享誉全国。原T1航站楼建筑面积7600㎡，为了解决日益增长的草原旅游需求带来的旅客流量激增，需要扩建现有航站楼。

Hulunbuir Hailar Airport is located in Hailar District, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia. Hulunbuir is well known as one of the Top 10 Snowy Cities in China with its most beautiful prairies in the world. The built-up area of existed T1 Terminal was 7,600 m2. It could not meet the need of ever-growing passenger volume for prairie tourism. Obviously, it is necessary for the existed terminal to be expanded.

▼陆侧鸟瞰，Aerial View of Landside ©冯亮

设计之初，建筑外轮廓、平面流线都已通过评审确定，如何在限定条件下，打造既具有时代感、又兼具浓郁地方特色的门户航站楼建筑，成为设计最大的挑战。

At the beginning, the boundary and plan of this expansion project were fixed. As a result, we were facing a great challenge – how to design a modern architectural work with rich local features by the fixed conditions.

▼西北角夜景，view from northwest ©张广源

设计引入独特的结构形式，框架柱在二层呈双V形斜撑支撑屋面。柱、吊顶、屋面结构有机结合，消融垂直界面与水平界面的界限，营造如蒙古大帐一般连绵、贯通的空间感受。金色、白色的主色调使人仿佛置身于洒满阳光的白桦林间。

▼概念生成图，Sketch of Concept Generation

An innovative architectural form was produced – frame columns support the huge roof on the second floor by several double-V-shaped diagonal structures. The boundary between vertical and horizontal interfaces is eliminated by the structural integration of columns, ceiling and roof, to create a continuous Mongolian-yurt-like space. This golden and white huge space also makes people feel like they were in the sunny birch forest.

▼一层综合迎送厅，Multi-functional Welcome Hall on 1st Floor ©张广源

▼二层候机厅，Departure Hall on 2nd Floor ©于海为

▼柱、吊顶、屋面结构有机结合，Well-integration structure of columns, ceiling and roof ©刘珂

形态上采取南高北低的策略，陆侧形成通高檐下空间。双向波浪式单层网壳屋面的曲面造型呼应典型的草原文化地域特征——白云、羊群，使到达机场的使用者无论从云端还是路上都能感受到T2航站楼连绵起伏、富有韵律及层次感的特色形态。

An under-eave space with double-height is created in the landside system by the altitude difference designed between the south and north facades. Clouds and herds, the typical local elements, are beautifully expressed by the elegantly curved roof with bi-directional single-layer reticulated shells. A broad undulating and rhythmic view is shown to the passengers in everywhere of this layering T2 Terminal space.

▼陆侧檐下空间，Under-eave space in the landside system ©刘珂

▼富有韵律和层次感的形态，A rhythmic and layering roof with brilliant view ©于海为

▼北向陆侧夜景，Night view of North Landside ©张广源

绵延的雨棚成为连接新老航站楼的重要元素，形成统一建筑语言，加强了新、旧航站楼前车道和等候空间的贯通性，创造了怡人尺度的室外灰空间。

▼雨棚作为统一元素，Canopy, a unified element

The stretching canopy is an important element connecting the new and old terminals. A unified architectural language is produced by this perfect connection. Also, the space connectivity is achieved between the front driveways and rear waiting spaces in the two buildings, creating a pleasant under-eave space.

▼雪景效果，The terminal building in snowy days ©刘珂

▼连接新老航站楼的雨棚，The canopy between T1 and T2 Terminals ©刘珂

考虑到建造难度，将纵向7跨的航站楼的主体结构、屋面、内装整合成两跨的基本单元。以屋面网架结构的尺寸作为基本模数，对铝板的曲率、曲面进行分析和归类：曲率较小的简化为平面铝板，曲率略大的简化为单曲面铝板，极少数曲率较大的为双曲面铝板，进而将工艺难度和造价控制到最低。

The main architectural structure, roof and interior of the planned vertical 7-span terminal building are integrated into two basic spans to decrease the difficulty of construction. Taking the size of roofing grid structure as the basic modulus, aluminum plate is analyzed and classified by its curvature and camber: the plate with less curvature is used as the flat, the plate with more curvature as the single-curved, and some with typical curvature as the double-curved, to minimize the construction difficulty and cost.

▼单元控制，Element Control

在后期深化设计与建造过程中，我们创新性地深化异形龙骨幕墙、TPO屋面、双曲铝板开花柱节点，并采取异地1:1放样的方式调整、确保实际建造效果。

Shaped keel curtain wall, TPO roof, and nodes of flowering column made by double-curved aluminum plate are innovatively deepened in the post-deepening design and construction process. And the 1:1 model was set to do some adjustment, so as to ensure the actual construction effect.

▼铝板异地放样制作，1:1 Model Production ©于海为

▼铝板开花柱节点，Nodes of flowering column made by aluminum plate

▼TPO屋面及天窗节点，Nodes of TPO roof and skylight

呼伦贝尔海拉尔机场作为呼伦贝尔面向世界的窗口，我们希望能赋予T2航站楼国际先进的机场建筑特色与地方深厚的本土意蕴，让她成为带动草原旅游业发展的枢纽工程和城市名片，成为一颗轻盈、纯洁、璀璨的草原明珠。

Hulunbuir Hailar Airport serves as the first landmark for visitors to Hulunbuir. Hence, the T2 Terminal is designed with strong local features and all the basic architectural elements an international advanced airport needs. It is a key project to promote the development of prairie tourism. It is a brilliant pearl on the prairie.

▼陆侧立面，Façade of Landside ©于海为

▼空侧立面，Façade of Airside ©于海为

▼通高空间效果，Space with Double-height ©刘珂

▼陆侧幕墙，Façade of Landside ©刘珂

▼空侧幕墙，Façade of Airside ©刘珂

▼综合迎送厅，Multi-functional Welcome Hall ©刘珂

▼登机连廊，Boarding Corridor ©刘珂

▼综合迎送厅夜景，Night View of Multi-functional Welcome Hall ©于海为

▼陆侧夜景，Night View of Landside ©张广源

▼概念分析图，design concept

▼一层平面，Site Plan of 1st floor

▼二层平面，Site Plan of 2nd floor

▼剖面，Section

建设地点：内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市海拉尔区 建成时间：2018 建筑面积：20669㎡ 设计单位：中国建筑设计研究院有限公司 一合建筑设计研究中心U10 设计主持：于海为、刘晏晏 设计团队：靳哲夫、吕妍、高超、贺帆、朱起鹏、匡月凡 建设单位：呼伦贝尔城市建设投资（集团）有限责任公司 使用单位：内蒙古自治区民航机场集团有限责任公司呼伦贝尔分公司 结构：中国建筑设计研究院有限公司 施泓、王超等 室内设计：北京市辛迪森建筑装饰工程设计有限公司 刘珂、刘春录等 照明设计：清华大学建筑学院张昕工作室 张昕、韩晓伟、周轩宇 幕墙设计：深圳市三鑫幕墙工程有限公司 施工图设计合作单位：中国民航机场建设集团公司 华北机场规划设计院 南步涛等 摄影：张广源、于海为、刘珂、冯亮 撰文：吕妍