爱丁堡音乐会场（IMPACT中心）

爱丁堡是一个文化遗产丰富的城市，每年都会举办世界最大的表演艺术节。爱丁堡音乐会场（IMPACT中心）的建立，将满足爱丁堡长久以来对于专业、中型演艺中心的需求，它将为一系列不同的音乐演出提供新场所，同时也将作为苏格兰室内乐团的基地。除了1000座的主音乐厅外，会场还设有200座的工作室，用于演出、录音和排练，同时也可用于扩展教育项目。2021年建成之时，它将成为爱丁堡100年来首座为音乐和表演艺术所造的新建建筑。

Edinburgh is a city with a rich cultural heritage that plays host to the world’s largest performing arts festival every year. The IMPACT Centre will address the long identified need for a purpose-built, medium-sized performance venue in the city, serving as an Edinburgh base for the Scottish Chamber Orchestra and providing a new space for a range of musical performances. In addition to the main, 1,000-seat auditorium the venue will offer a 200-seat studio for performance, recording and rehearsals, as well as delivering an educational outreach programme. Upon completion in 2021, it will be Edinburgh’s first dedicated new space for music and the performing arts in 100 years.

▼从Andrew广场看音乐会场，View from St Andrew Square © Hayes Davidson

这座新建建筑位于爱丁堡的联合国教科文组织世界遗产区域内，坐落于乔治时期所建的新城的东侧。它替代了原址上寻常的办公建筑，紧挨圣安德鲁广场的A级保护建筑登打士大楼（1771）。从城市的层面，会场试图达到两个目的：紧邻的周边城市空间相对闭塞，并有多个不同的邻里空间交叠，新建建筑需要改善这种现状；同时新建建筑需要为乔治街提供一个合适的终点，作为新城最重要的轴线，这里原先就计划建设一座宏大的公共建筑。

The new venue is located within Edinburgh’s UNESCO World Heritage Site at the eastern end of its Georgian New Town. It replaces an unremarkable office building and abuts the rear of the Grade-A listed Dundas House (1771) on St. Andrew Square. On an urban level the building seeks to do two things: resolve the immediate urban conditions of the site, which is relatively concealed and at the intersection of several distinct neighbourhoods; and provide a fitting terminus at the end of George Street, the New Town’s principal axis, in a position where a grand public building was originally intended to be built.

▼从Register Place看音乐厅，View from Register Place © David Chipperfield Architects

新建会场的外立面试图联系新城建筑的秩序和材料。新建筑的体量呈现上、中、下的三段式特征，见于很多新古典主义建筑；外立面混凝土的颜色则来自于新城中不同的砂岩。顶部的穹顶作为建筑的上部顶冠，宣示建筑的公共性，并在高度上和城市中的其它公共建筑齐平。

The façades of the new venue relate to the architecture of the New Town in both their order and materiality. The expression of a base, middle and top, found on other neoclassical buildings, is picked up by the composition of the venue’s massing while the texture and tone of its concrete picks up the various sandstones found in the New Town. The metal-clad dome completes the crown of the building, announcing its public nature and aligning with the other civic buildings across the city.

▼从面向George St的环形柱廊眺望城市，View from the circular colonnade facing George St © David Chipperfield Architects 

在竖向的布局上，主音乐厅被抬离地面，解放了入口层，营造了一个开敞的门厅和三个入口，迎接不同方向的人流。这个连续开敞的首层平面，缓解了基地原本相对闭塞的情况，增大了通透性，并让会场和周边不同的城市环境无缝连接。首层门厅也将成为新的城市公共空间，在演出以外的时间也向市民开放。同时它也包含会场所有的公共功能：问询、票务、衣帽间和咖啡厅，亦能用于举办非正式的演出、展览和活动。会场还有第四个入口，在特殊场合或仪式性开幕典礼时启用，直通登打士大楼宏伟的穹顶银行大厅。从门厅的楼梯向上通向主音乐厅，向下则通向地下室的工作室。主音乐厅内部走廊环绕主厅的各层，提供通道、声学分隔和休息空间。

In vertical arrangement, the main concert hall is lifted above the ground, freeing the entire entrance level for an open foyer with three entrances addressing the different approaches. This continuous ground plane increases permeability across the previously closed off site and seamlessly unites the venue with the diverse urban conditions that surround it. The foyer will be a new public room for the city, open outside of performance hours. It encompasses all the main public functions of the venue: information, ticketing, cloakroom and café, and can host informal performances, exhibitions and events. A fourth entrance, directly from the grand domed banking hall of Dundas House can be used for special gatherings or ceremonial openings.From the foyer staircases lead up to the main concert hall or down to the studio at basement level. Corridors wrap around the main auditorium at each level, providing access, acoustic isolation and break-out space.

▼邻近Dundas House的北入口，Northern entrance by Dundas House © Hayes Davidson 

▼南入口，The south entrance © David Chipperfield Architects 

▼一层大厅，The ground floor foyer © David Chipperfield Architects

▼可容纳1000人的音乐厅，The 1000-seat auditorium © Hayes Davidson

▼地下的小型演出场所，A smaller performance space on the lower ground floor © Hayes Davidson

建筑的功能布置于三个简单、紧凑并互相叠加的体量中。主音乐厅位于基地中央，是一个纯粹的椭圆柱体量，其形状与比例致力于满足声学要求。椭圆的体量顶部由一个浅穹顶封盖，略高于前景的登打士大楼——成为乔治街轴线东端上重要的视觉终点和城市形象。会场底部的低矮体量以方正的形式呈现，容纳辅助和公共功能。这部分相对低矮的建筑尺度帮助削弱整个建筑的巨大体量，并以相似的建筑尺度、几何形式将该会场锚固在周边街道的气氛中。总的来说，该建筑试图营造围绕登打士大楼的城市群组，平衡乔治街另一端的那些显著的市政设施。

The building’s functions are distributed within three simple, compact and intersecting volumes. The concert hall sits in the centre of the site within a pure oval volume; its shape and scale dictated by the acoustic requirements. Its elliptical form is topped by a shallow dome – an urban gesture which terminates the axial view west along George Street, with Dundas House prominently in the foreground. The venue’s overlapping lower volumes are orthogonal in form and house its ancillary and public functions. These help to reduce the overall mass of the building and anchor it within the scale, geometry and atmosphere of the surrounding streets and neighbouring buildings. Overall, the venue seeks to form an urban composition centred around Dundas House, in balance with the prominent civic structures at the opposite end of George Street.

▼总平面图，Site plan © David Chipperfield Architects

▼首层平面图，Ground floor plan © David Chipperfield Architects

▼音乐厅剖面图，Section through the concert hall © David Chipperfield Architects

Competition：2017 Project start：2017 Completion due：2021 Gross floor area：10,000m2 Client：lMPACT Scotland Architect：David Chipperfield Architects London Directors：David Chipperfield, Louise Dier, Billy Prendergast Project director：Alasdair Graham Project architect：Johannes Feder Team：Ricardo Alvarez, Freddie Armitage, Matt Ball, Nick Beissengroll, Bernardo Criscuoli, Micha Gamper, Clemens Gerritzen, Jochen Glemser, Sofia Gozzi, Christopher Harvey, Rory Hughes, Daniel Itten, Craig Johnston, Davide Maggio, Antonio Mazzolai, Matthias Odazzi, Charlie Proctor, Simonpietro Salini, Jana Schwalb, Alban Wagener, Richard Youel Competition team：Freddie Armitage, Alasdair Graham, Craig Johnston, Matthias Odazzi, Charlie Proctor, Hellmer Rahms, Jana Schwalb Executive architect：Reiach and Hall Architects Landscape architect：Gross Max Structural engineer：Whitby Wood Services engineer：Arup Lighting consultant：Arup Façade consultant：Thornton Tomasetti Acoustic consultants：Nagata Acoustics (hall and studio), Arup (venue) Fire protection：Atelier Ten Quantity surveyor：Turner & Townsend Project management：Turner & Townsend