新代尔夫特蓝,陶瓷装饰的新建筑丨荷兰丨Studio RAP

New Delft Blue is a pioneering project in the historic Dutch city Delft, designed and 3D printed by Studio RAP. The project reinterprets the world-famous decorative qualities and design vocabulary of Delft Blue porcelain. By fusing 3D clay printing, computational design, and artisanal glazing, New Delft Blue hopes to unfold a new architectural potential of ceramic ornamentation in the 21st century.

New Delft Blue 是荷兰历史名城代尔夫特的一个开创性项目，由 Studio RAP 设计和 3D 打印而成。该项目重新诠释了代尔夫特蓝瓷器举世闻名的装饰品质和设计词汇。通过融合 3D 粘土打印、计算设计和手工上釉，New Delft Blue 希望在 21 世纪展现陶瓷装饰的新建筑潜力。

该设计The lush communal courtyard of the PoortMeesters residential building block, which is part of the large-scale urban redevelopment Nieuw Delft, is framed by two large entry gates. The gates, roughly four metres wide, eight metres high, and twelve metres deep, cover a large public staircase. These gates refer to Delft as a mediaeval trading city with its many city gates and provide passers-by with a glimpse of the idyllic life going on inside.

PoortMeesters 住宅大楼是新代尔夫特大型城市重建项目的一部分，其郁郁葱葱的公共庭院由两道大型入口大门包围。大门宽约 4 米，高 8 米，深 12 米，覆盖着一个大型公共楼梯。这些大门以其众多的城门将代尔夫特称为一座中世纪贸易城市，让过往行人可以一睹内部田园诗般的生活。

The New Delft Blue gates take their inspiration from traditional Delft Blue porcelain plates. The design vocabulary of these plates has changed radically over the centuries, from copying Chinese and Japanese designs, to making contemporary Dutch designs. The differentiation between a decorative, nature-inspired frame and an idyllic scene, however, has been a recurring trait. As such, this division is the starting point for the New Delft Blue design, where the idyllic scene is the ever-changing courtyard life, while the gates stand as a three-dimensional frame with algorithmically-designed, nature-inspired patterns that guide people from the public space to the semi-public courtyard.

新代尔夫特蓝大门的设计灵感来自传统的代尔夫特蓝瓷盘。几个世纪以来，这些瓷盘的设计语言发生了根本性的变化，从模仿中国和日本的设计，到制作当代荷兰设计。然而，装饰性、自然风格的框架与田园风光之间的区别一直是一个反复出现的特征。因此，这种划分是新代尔夫特蓝设计的起点，其中田园风光是不断变化的庭院生活，而大门则是一个三维框架，具有算法设计的、自然风格的图案，引导人们从公共空间进入半公共庭院。

创新

The approximately 3000 unique ceramic tiles that cover the two gates are 3D printed, allowing for the creation of contemporary ceramics that are both rich and unique. Using an algorithmic approach to 3D pattern design, certain manufacturing constraints—maximum overhang, width, height and depth, shrinkage, and internal support structure—were taken into account when the geometry of the tiles was generated. Because the tiles were 3D printed, applying variations to their shapes allowed for poetic ways of ‘painting with shapes’. This is done by applying a transparent blue runny glaze that creates a light blue colour on the convex portions of the tiles (the hills), while allowing for deep blue glaze pools in the concave (valley) areas of the tiles, creating smooth transitions between the hues of blue. The deep blue colour reflects the connection to Delft Blue porcelain and the surrounding canals, and it provides a pleasing contrast to the earth-toned brickwork of the building.

覆盖两座大门的约 3000 块独特瓷砖都是 3D 打印的，可以创作出既丰富又独特的现代陶瓷。使用算法方法进行 3D 图案设计，在生成瓷砖的几何形状时考虑了某些制造约束 - 最大悬垂、宽度、高度和深度、收缩以及内部支撑结构。因为瓷砖是 3D 打印的，所以对其形状应用变化可以实现诗意的“用形状绘画”。这是通过应用透明的蓝色流动釉料来实现的，这种釉料在瓷砖的凸起部分（山丘）上呈现淡蓝色，同时在瓷砖的凹陷（山谷）区域留出深蓝色釉池，从而在蓝色色调之间形成平滑的过渡。深蓝色体现了代尔夫特蓝瓷与周围运河的联系，并与建筑物的土色调砖墙形成了鲜明的对比。

Combining this all together, the project embodies the unique identity of Delft in a contemporary way, referring to its history with its algorithmically-designed, nature-inspired patterns in blue, and referring to Delft of today as the city of knowledge using cutting-edge design and 3D printing technology.

结合所有这些，该项目以现代方式体现了代尔夫特的独特身份，通过算法设计、受自然启发的蓝色图案体现了代尔夫特的历史，并利用尖端设计和 3D 打印技术将当今的代尔夫特描述为知识之城。

新代尔夫特蓝Completed:  2023Client:  BPD (Bouwfonds Property Development), Ballast Nedam Development, Ballast Nedam Bouw West;

Architect of New Delft Blue: Studio RAPContractor and 3D ceramic printing: Studio RAP

Glazing and Firing:  Koninklijke TichelaarArchitect PoortMeesters:  VY ArchitectsMounting:  Kooistra GeveltechniekRear structure:  Lomax Systems

Photographer:  Riccardo De Vecchi