海街11号·有南风民宿酒店丨中国舟山丨MAT超级建筑事务所

2024/06/26 11:51:02

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项目缘起

Project Origin

海街 11 号民宿完成于五年前，当时采用的增设阳台改变外立面的策略改变了当地原有方块形民宅的局限，带来了新的内外感观。随着海街 11 号的名声鹊起，这种设计策略在随后的几年逐渐在当地演变成了一种立面风格，村里后来新建的房子几乎全都是三开间的白墙方窗。当时想要通过简洁的立面效果来扭转村民们兴建“欧式别墅”的这个目标，竟然迅速地实现了。

The Zhoushan Summer Hotel was completed five years ago. The strategy of adding balconies and changing the facades at that time changed the limitations of the original square-shaped houses in the area and brought a new sense of interior and exterior. As the Summer Hotel became more famous, this design strategy gradually evolved into a facade style in the following years. Almost all the newly built houses in the village had same white walls with square windows. The goal of reversing the villagers’ desire to build “European-style villas” through a simple facade effect was quickly achieved.

▼渔村和樟州湾，Fishing village and Changzhou Bay© 朱雨蒙

▼水平线条的海岛民宿，Horizontal lines of island homestay© 朱雨蒙

然而，一次尝试的成功也会带来意想不到的结果：村里继续争相盖房，家家户户都希望能从旅游市场分一杯羹。几年时间，这个小海湾里的民宿数量增长了三倍之多，随着大批粗糙的自建房落地，小渔村又开始变成另外一种杂乱。这种无节制地发展带来的矛盾在一些年后就会表现出来：房子越建越多，但是缺少高品质的度假居所；渔村环境的日益嘈杂也会降低海滩自然资源的优势；人们会争相涌入下一个目的地，这里的发展将有可能变得不可持续。

However, the success of an attempt can also bring unexpected results: the village continues to build houses, and every household hopes to get a share of the tourism market. In a few years, the number of B&Bs in this small bay has increased by three times. With the large number of rough self-built houses emerges, the small fishing village has begun to become another kind of chaos. The contradictions brought about by this uncontrolled development will be manifested in a few years: more and more houses but still lack of high-quality spaces; the degradation of village environment will also reduce the advantages of the beach’s natural resources; people will rush to the next destination, and the development here may become unsustainable.

▼通过外阳台带来的立面语言，The facade language is brought through the exterior balcony© 唐康硕

▼民宿入口，Homestay entrance © 唐康硕

▼通往大海的景观台阶，Landscaped steps to the sea© 唐康硕

空间整理

Design Strategy

海街 11 号民宿也在这个时候迎来了扩充的机会，是不远处前后相邻的两栋方形三层民宅，夹杂在海滩上新建的十几栋房子中并不起眼。靠山的房子刚浇筑完主体结构，靠海的房子外立面已经完成；山边楼比海边楼的地坪高 1.5 米，改造要求对原民房不能有任何扩建和形态改变。

▼改造策略，Reconstruction strategy© MAT 超级建筑事务所

At this time, The Summer Hotel also had the opportunity to expand. It is a pair of square three-story houses adjacent to each other not far away. The building is not very noticeable among the dozens of newly built houses on the beach. The main structure of the hillside house has just been poured, and the facade of the seaside house has been completed; there is a 1.5-meter height difference between the two buildings. The renovation requires that there should be no expansion or change in the shape of the original house.

▼夜幕降临时的松弛感，The feeling of relaxation when night falls© 朱雨蒙

▼客房和观海前院，Guest room and the front yard© 朱雨蒙

▼拾阶而上的民宿，Pick up the steps and move up© 朱雨蒙

▼海边楼局部，Seaside building details© 朱雨蒙

▼茶饮店的观海前院，The front courtyard of the tea shop© 朱雨蒙

▼观海前院，The front courtyard© 朱雨蒙

▼观海前院的遮阳棚下，Under the canopy of the front yard© 朱雨蒙

我们将海边楼和山边楼的院子分离，面对海的院子完全对海滩打开，设置了茶饮配套的开放休闲场景；位于中间的山边楼院子作为民宿酒店的内院，和山边楼底层的大厅相结合。设计通过对台阶景观的处理建立了一条从海边通往中间院子的通道，利用高差拾阶而上到达中间院子的公区大厅，同时，一个空中的浮桥从中间院子直接联系着海边楼的二层。原有的海边楼台阶被改成了一个面对大海的长条形泳池。

▼底层景观和室内外空间联动，Analysis diagram© MAT 超级建筑事务所

We separated the courtyards of the seaside building and the hillside building. The terrace facing the sea is completely open to the beach and has an open leisure scene with tea and beverage facilities. The courtyard of the hillside building in the middle is used as the inner courtyard of the hotel, and is combined with the reception and dining room. The design established a passage from the seaside to the middle courtyard by treating the step landscape, connecting the entrance and the lobby. At the same time, an floating bridge directly connects the second floor of the seaside building from the middle courtyard. The original steps of the seaside building were converted into a swimming pool facing the sea.

▼山边楼立面，Hillside building facade© 朱雨蒙

▼山边楼餐厅入口，Restaurant entrance of the hillside building© 朱雨蒙

▼海边楼的天桥看向院子，Viewing the yard from the overpass© 朱雨蒙

▼中间院子的民宿入口，Homestay entrance© 朱雨蒙

▼伸向院子的雨棚，Canopy of the yard© 唐康硕

▼餐厅的外廊下，Under the canopy©朱雨蒙

▼院子里的夏日清凉，The yard is cool in summer© 朱雨蒙

▼渔村小院一隅，A corner of the fishing village yard© 朱雨蒙

综合考虑了房间观海体验和成本控制之后，海边楼在保留了原有立面方窗的基础上做了简单的立面调整；而山边楼则采用了如斯坦因住宅一样的水平长窗作为立面语言，长窗和上方的通长遮阳板带来的强烈水平线条让建筑从周围同质相似的房子中跳脱出来，抵抗着周遭肆意发展带来的杂乱。

After comprehensively considering the room’s sea view experience and cost control, the seaside building made simple facade adjustments while retaining the original square windows; while the hillside building adopted horizontal long windows like Stein’s house as the facade language. The strong horizontal lines brought by the long windows and the full-length sunshades above make the building stand out from the surrounding homogeneous houses, resisting the chaos brought by the wanton development around it.

▼水平长窗，Long horizontal window© 朱雨蒙

▼从下沉庭院仰望山边楼，Looking up from the sunken courtyard to the hillside building© 朱雨蒙

▼水平长窗，Long horizontal window© 唐康硕

▼白色天台，White rooftop terrace© 朱雨蒙

材料语言

Materialization

该项目的“材料化”（materialization）定义了一个更加内敛和人性化的使用场景，这主要是得益于江浙地区曾经大量使用的水泥类质感墙地面，以及其中形态、色泽各异的骨料带来的微妙变化。这种传统材料混合着轻建造的多层板和金属板，给渔村气质做出了一个当代性的表达。

▼渔村日常和游客采风，Daily life in the fishing village© 朱雨蒙

The “materialization” of this project defines a more restrained and humanized usage scenario, which is mainly due to the cement-like textured walls and floors that were once widely used in Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions, as well as the subtle changes brought by the aggregates of various shapes and colors. This traditional material is mixed with light multi-layer boards and metal plates, giving a contemporary expression to the temperament of the fishing village.

▼茶饮店，Tea shop© 朱雨蒙

▼茶饮店的框景，Framed view of the tea shop© 朱雨蒙

1. 水磨石+水洗石

这是八九十年代南方常用的建筑地面和墙面材料，我们尝试使用了两种水洗石和四种水磨石的效果，用在公区、走廊和客房内部。餐厅和茶饮店采用了黑色沉积岩经过冲刷而形成的乌石作为骨料，与白色和灰色的水泥结合。

1. Terrazzo + Washed Stone

This was a common building floor and wall material in the south in the 1980s and 1990s. We tried to use the effects of two types of washed stone and four types of terrazzo in the public areas, corridors and guest rooms. The dining and tea shop used black stone formed by scouring black sedimentary rocks as aggregate, combined with white and gray cement.

▼面对院子的餐厅，Restaurant facing the courtyard© 朱雨蒙

▼餐厅里的黄昏光线，Dusk light in the restaurant© 唐康硕

▼餐厅面对院子横向展开，The restaurant opens horizontally facing the courtyard© 朱雨蒙

▼面对庭院打开的长窗，The long window facing the courtyard© 唐康硕

▼内外空间的连接，The connection between inside and outside space© 朱雨蒙

▼面朝大海的客房，Guest room facing the sea© 朱雨蒙

2，灰泥和水泥

灰泥和水泥墙面是曾经乡村地区一种朴素又常见的饰面方式，我们在诸如餐厅和茶饮店的公共接待区域采用了水泥批刮的墙面和顶面效果；在客房走廊和客房内部采用了褐色的灰泥，与海边的礁石和沙滩色彩相呼应。

2. Plaster and cement

Plaster and cement walls were once a simple and common finishing method in rural areas. We used cement-scraped walls and ceilings in public reception areas such as restaurants and tea shops; brown plaster was used in the corridors and guest rooms to echo the colors of the reefs and beaches on the seaside.

▼餐厅局部，Details of the restaurant© 朱雨蒙

▼山边楼楼梯入口，Hillside stairs entrance© 朱雨蒙

▼公共区域的材料语言，Language of materials in public areas© 唐康硕

▼民宿接待区的材料碰撞，Material collision in the reception area© 朱雨蒙

3. 多层复合板

暖色的多层板在室内空间中被反复使用：楼梯栏板、长凳座椅、公区和客房等等，从而形成了一个嵌入式的固定家具体系。多层板的木面质感与水泥质感形成对比，给近人尺度带来了更加温暖舒适的效果。

3. Multi-layer plywood

The warm-colored multi-layer plywood is widely used in the interior space: stair railings, bench seats, public areas and guest rooms, etc., thus forming an embedded fixed furniture system. The wood texture of the multi-layer plywood contrasts with the cement texture, bringing a warmer and more comfortable effect to the human scale.

▼山边楼楼梯处的材料使用，Use of materials for stairs© 朱雨蒙

▼海边楼挑空走廊的天光，The skylight in the hallway© 朱雨蒙

▼海边楼楼梯间，Staircase of the seaside building© 唐康硕

▼山边楼楼梯间，Staircase of the hillside building© 唐康硕

▼山边楼楼梯间，Staircase of the hillside building© 唐康硕

▼山边楼楼梯，Staircase details © 唐康硕

4，金属材料——钢格栅+铝板

金属材料设计灵感来自于村里随处可见的钢结构遮阳棚，在经过设计处理之后运用于中间院子延展的钢格栅雨棚，以及院子连通到海边楼二层的天桥。银灰色的金属材料能够给白色的建筑立面带来年轻活力、和有时代感的气息。

4. Metal material – steel grille + aluminum plate

The design inspiration of the metal material comes from the steel structure sunshade that can be seen everywhere in the village. The steel grille is used in the canopy extending to the middle yard, and the sky bridge connecting the yard to the second floor of the seaside building. The silver-gray metal material can bring a sense of youthful vitality to the white building facade.

▼天桥和院子，Stairs and courtyard© 唐康硕

▼天桥细节，Details of the stairs© 朱雨蒙

也有南风

South Wind Blow

在这样有自然风景的乡村环境中的项目，迄今为止最难解决的问题，是游客和当地人对于自然资源开发和存留当地文化的预期。一方面，人们希望体验一片原汁原味的渔村小海湾；一方面，他们又希望能够随处找到熟悉的城市生活中的习惯和种种便利。

The most difficult issue to resolve in such a rural environment with natural scenery is the expectations of tourists and locals regarding the development of natural resources and the preservation of local culture. On the one hand, people want to experience an authentic fishing village; on the other hand, they also hope to find the familiar habits and conveniences of urban life everywhere.

在渔村风貌已经几乎被三开间白房子整体置换了之后，面对新的设计命题，我们希望能够通过空间整理和材料塑造，从小处着手，提供一个稍加“精致化”的民宿体验，以契合人们对于当下新的海岛生活的想象。同时也能够借助这个项目的实现探讨一个慢速松弛的休闲方式，基于樟州村这片海湾的长久发展。

After the fishing village buildings have been almost completely replaced by three-bay white houses, facing the new design proposition, we hope to provide a slightly “refined” homestay experience through space organization and material shaping, starting from small things, to fit people’s imagination of the new island life. At the same time, by the realization of this project, we hope to explore a slow and relaxing leisure method based on the long-term development of the bay of Zhangzhou Village.

▼泳池，Pool © 朱雨蒙

如果说之前的海街 11 号营造出了生活化的民宿氛围，二期“有南风”则多了一份度假的轻松愉快。沿着步道拾阶而上，感受“南风之熏兮”的夏日清凉。看着院子里的上上下下和人来人往，茶饮店前荡秋千的大小朋友们，夜幕降临时海街和沙滩上的年轻男女……一切都仿佛是枝裕和的电影里一样，不过是平静生活的片段，温情细腻、娓娓道来，却有一种源源不断地力量，推动着我们的步履不停。

If the previous Summer Hotel created a homestay atmosphere, the second phase “Southern Wind” adds a sense of relaxation and pleasure, by climbing up the steps from the seaside and feel the chill of the summer. Watching people come and go in the yard; children swinging in front of the sea-view terrace; young men and women on the beach at night… Everything seems to be in a Hirokazu Koreeda movie, just a fragment of a peaceful life, warm and delicate, but there is a constant force that drives us to keep forward.