道孚县高原水生态保护修复示范园丨中国甘孜丨元有（成都）规划设计有限公司

2024/07/26 15:24:48

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元有景观：距离第一次自驾川西现场踏勘一晃已经过去两年，海拔近 3000 米的甘孜道孚高原水生态保护修复示范园也终于在进入冰雪期之前迎来了竣工预验收，来年开春之后将最终完善并向大众开放。

yǒu Landscape: It’s been two years since our first self-driving trip to the western part of Sichuan for on-site inspection. The Daofu Plateau Water Ecological Protection and Restoration Demonstration Park, situated at an altitude of nearly 3000 meters in Ganzi, has finally welcomed its preliminary acceptance before the onset of the ice and snow season. After the spring thaw next year, it will be fully completed and open to the public.

▽项目视频 video

项目背景 Background

项目所在地甘孜州道孚县，位于四川省西北部，是川西旅游环线及川藏线上的重要旅游节点，更是长江上游生态保护屏障和“中华水塔”的重要组成部分。道孚县城段水生态保护修复项目是根据国家长江流域生态环境保护和高质量发展相关政策，从保护长江流域上游生态环境、水源涵养能力、促进流域可持续及高质量发展角度谋划的流域水生态保护修复项目。

作为甘孜州环保专项资金项目，场地位于县城北侧鲜水河畔，是一处由草甸、滩地、大片原生林组成的生态绿地。项目需要首先解决县城上游分散村落的污水处理问题，同时缓解下游已经建成的湿地公园缺水状况，并修复场地内因挖砂、放牧而破坏的生态系统，另外也为本地人民及外来游客提供一处风景优美、设施齐全的休憩目的地。

The project is located in Daofu County, Ganzi Prefecture, situated in the northwest of Sichuan Province. It is an important tourist hub on the western Sichuan tourism circuit and the Sichuan-Tibet line, and it is also a crucial part of the ecological protection barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the “Chinese Water Tower.”

The Daofu County River Water Ecological Protection and Restoration Project is planned in accordance with the national policies for ecological environment protection and high-quality development of the Yangtze River Basin. It is a river water ecological protection and restoration project designed to protect the ecological environment and water source conservation capacity in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and to promote sustainable and high-quality development of the basin.

As a special environmental protection fund project in Ganzi Prefecture, the site is located on the north side of the county town along the Xiashui River. It is an ecological green space composed of meadows, beachlands, and extensive native forests. The project first needs to address the problem of sewage treatment in the scattered villages upstream of the county town, while alleviating the water shortage in the wetland park that has already been built downstream. It also aims to restore the ecosystem within the site that has been damaged by sand excavation and grazing activities. Additionally, it provides the local people and tourists with a beautiful and well-equipped place for rest and recreation.

▽场地区位 Location of the venue

▽场地现状（设计时）Situation of the site (during design)

项目总体从水生态治理、自然生态系统修复与保护、生态基础设施建设三个方面入手，融合治污净化、补水引流、风景塑造，服务贯穿了项目设计施工的全流程。

The design team approached the project from four main aspects: water ecological management, natural ecosystem restoration, protection and intervention of natural conservation areas, and construction of ecological infrastructure. The overall design integrates pollution control and purification, water replenishment and diversion, and landscape creation, with services running throughout the entire design and construction process.

▽方案总平面 Overall Plan

▽水生态保护修复示范园西段航拍 Aerial photography of the western section of the demonstration park

一、水生态治理 Water Ecological Management

水生态治理是示范园的首要内容，本次治理包括三个方面：

（1）上游村落生活污水预处理工程，我们在场地北端进水口区域设置了一座地埋式污水处理站和一处潜流人工湿地（有效面积为 5000㎡，净化污水量约 1500m³/天），对孜龙村散户生活污水收集到污水站进行预处理，处理后再引入人工潜流湿地进行二次净化，形成优于 III 类水质的景观用水注入主湖区，保持示范园水质的清洁与稳定；

（2）农田面源径流预处理工程，疏通现有引水沟渠作为农田面源污水收集带，通过完善生态沟两岸湿地植物对农业污水起到进行过滤、沉淀和微生物降解等作用；

（3）稳定水量补水工程，从场地上游的孜龙沟引水，作为新增补水，以缓解枯水季下游湿地缺水问题，让示范园的水量更加稳定。

Water ecological management is the primary focus of the demonstration park. This management encompasses three aspects:

(1) Pre-treatment project for domestic sewage from upstream villages: We have established an underground sewage treatment station and a subsurface artificial wetland (with an effective area of 5,000 square meters and a purification capacity of approximately 1,500 cubic meters of sewage per day) in the water inlet area at the north end of the site. Domestic sewage from scattered households in Zilong Village is collected and pre-treated at the sewage station. After treatment, it is further led into the artificial subsurface wetland for secondary purification, resulting in landscape water that meets the standards of Class III water quality or better, which is then injected into the main lake area to maintain the cleanliness and stability of the water quality in the demonstration park. This design balances functionality and aesthetics.

(2) Pre-treatment project for agricultural non-point runoff: Existing water diversion ditches are dredged to serve as collection belts for agricultural non-point source pollution. The wetland plants on both sides of the ecological ditches are used to filter, settle, and microbially degrade agricultural wastewater.

(3) Stable water volume replenishment project: Water is diverted from the Zilong Gully upstream of the site to serve as additional replenishment, alleviating the water shortage in the downstream wetland during the dry season and making the water volume of the demonstration park more stable.

▽孜龙村污水处理分析图 Analysis diagram of sewage treatment in Zilong Village

▽水生态分析图 Water Ecological Analysis Diagram

▽湿地净化流程图 Wetland Purification Process Diagram

▽主湖区 Main Lake Region

二、自然生态系统修复 Natural Ecosystem Restoration

场地北侧大片区域因早期采砂造成了水系断流、植被缺失、土壤沙化等生态问题。针对该区域，重新进行水系规划，新建水涵养区，同时补植本土树种连通被破坏的绿廊，营造多重生境，重构自然生态系统。

The large area on the north side of the site has suffered from ecological issues such as water system disruption, vegetation loss, and soil desertification due to early sand excavation. This area will undergo a new water system planning, the establishment of new water conservation zones, and the replanting of native tree species to reconnect the damaged green corridors, creating multiple habitats and reconstructing the natural ecosystem.

▽现状分析 Current Situation Analysis

▽策略 1-水系重塑 Strategy 1- Reshaping the Water System

▽策略 2-绿廊修复 Strategy 2- Green Corridor Restoration

▽生态修复剖面图 Ecological Restoration Profile

▽往日的采砂坑已变成波光粼粼的湖面，映出了远处麦粒神山伟岸的身姿。The old sand pits have been transformed into a sparkling lake surface, reflecting the majestic silhouette of the distant Mai Li Divine Mountain.

三、自然涵养区的保护与干预 Protection and Intervention of Natural Conservation Areas

场地南侧属于自然涵养区，植被茂密、生境丰富、整体生态系统较好，我们以保护为主，低干预，在树林之间引入小水系与轻质步道，提供基于自然的解决方案，其它交给大自然与时间。

The south side of the site is a natural conservation area with dense vegetation, rich habitats, and a relatively intact ecosystem. The primary approach here is protection with minimal intervention. Small water systems and lightweight trails will be introduced between the forests, providing nature-based solutions and leaving the rest to nature and time.

▽自然涵养区鸟瞰 Aerial view of Natural Conservation Areas

▽由小水网构成的水泡花园施工中 Bubble Garden Constructed by a Small Water Network Under Construction

▽由小水网构成的水泡花园完工后 Bubble Garden Constructed by a Small Water Network Completed

▽高大的原生柳树造就了这片生态涵养区，引入小水网能为原生树林提供更好的生长环境。Towering native willows have created this ecological conservation area, and the introduction of a small water network can provide a better growing environment for the native forests.

四、完善基础设施 Ecological Infrastructure Construction

作为高原水生态保护修复示范园，园内除了满足基础游览交通需求外，还需一系列功能性主题构筑物——精神地标、生态监测塔、监测亭、打卡装置、形象大门、导视系统等。这些构筑物除了功能以外，形象上我们也做了考究，希望能够融入道孚本地文化符号的同时又能让其不突兀，更好消隐在整个环境中。

精神地标——“漂浮的哈达”，矗立在湖面之上，与远方的雪山相互呼应，宛如一条漂浮于空中的哈达，向来此的人们表达着真诚的敬意和欢迎。项目名“水生态治理示范区”刻于标识塔的最高处，突显整个项目的水生态、水环境主题，成为场地的精神地标。

As a highland water ecological protection and restoration demonstration park, in addition to meeting the basic needs for visitor traffic, the park also requires a series of functional thematic structures—spiritual landmarks, ecological monitoring towers, monitoring pavilions, check-in devices, iconic gates, and wayfinding systems. In terms of appearance, we have also given careful consideration to these structures. We hope that they can integrate into the local cultural symbols of Daofu while also blending in and not appearing jarring, thus better melting into the entire environment.

Spiritual Landmark—”Floating Hadah,” standing above the lake surface and echoing the distant snow-capped mountains, it is as if a hadah is floating in the air, expressing sincere respect and welcome to those who come here. The project name “Water Ecological Governance Demonstration Zone” is inscribed at the highest point of the identification tower, highlighting the water ecology and water environment theme of the entire project, becoming the spiritual landmark of the site.

生态监测塔——“树之塔”，生态监测塔总高 13.8 米，采用轻钢结构，塔身如同大树枝干，对钢构外侧采用木板装饰让整个塔身呈现天然木色，更好的隐藏于树林中，因此称之为“树之塔”。由下而上设置了多个方向的停留监测平台，最高点平台浮在树冠之上，人可登高观深山、观候鸟，也可鸟瞰江水、湿地和田野。

Ecological Monitoring Tower—”Tree Tower,” the tower stands at a total height of 13.8 meters, constructed with a lightweight steel structure. The design mimics the trunk and branches of a tree, with wooden panels adorning the exterior of the steel frame, giving the tower a natural wood color that allows it to blend seamlessly into the forest, hence the name “Tree Tower.” Equipped with multiple monitoring platforms at various levels, the highest platform floats above the tree canopy, offering a vantage point from which visitors can gaze upon the distant mountains, observe migratory birds, and overlook the river, wetlands, and fields. This tower not only serves as a functional structure for ecological observation but also as an integral part of the landscape, harmoniously integrated with its surroundings.

▽生态监测塔 Ecological Monitoring Tower

▽方案草图/效果图 Scheme sketch/renderings

生态水泡花园，原始场地有多丛现状树林，林间还有多处洼地。设计利用现状场地保留每一棵树，对洼地进行规整和重新塑形，人工引导小水系进入场地形成形态不一的湿地水泡。阳光透过树冠在水泡中形成倒影，营造出了梦幻的光影场景，形成一处艺术化生态湿地花园。

The Ecological Bubble Garden features several clusters of existing trees and numerous depressions within the forest. The design preserves every tree on the site, remodels and reshapes the depressions, and artificially channels a small water system into the area to create a variety of wetland bubbles with different forms. Sunlight filtering through the tree canopy casts reflections in the water, creating a dreamlike interplay of light and shadow, thus forming an artistic ecological wetland garden. This garden is not only a haven for biodiversity but also a place of natural beauty and serenity, where visitors can appreciate the harmony between art and ecology.

▽融入道孚民居样式的生态观测亭与远方的雪山隔水相望。The ecological observation pavilion, integrated with the style of Daofu’s traditional dwellings, faces the distant snow-capped mountains across the water.

▽西入口大门，结合道孚民居结构及外观特点，打造主题入口大门。The main entrance at the west side, incorporating the structural and aesthetic features of Daofu’s traditional dwellings, creates a thematic entrance gate.

哈达艺术装置形态取自舞动的哈达，采用轻钢结构，外表面呈纯白色，平面为环形，总长 56 米。环形围合的空间让中央区成为一个天然舞台，人们可以在这里举行各种活动。艺术装置立面呈起伏形态，构成了多种大小不一的空间，在这里可以遮荫、避雨、休憩和玩耍，满足观赏打卡功能外还赋予了场地活力。

The Hadah Art Installation, inspired by the flowing form of a dancing hadah, is crafted from a lightweight steel structure with a pure white exterior surface. The plan is circular, with an overall length of 56 meters. The enclosed space within the ring forms a natural stage at the central area, where various activities can be held. The elevation of the art installation undulates, creating a variety of spaces of different sizes. These spaces provide shade, shelter from the rain, and areas for rest and play, enlivening the site beyond its aesthetic and photographic appeal.

▽增设园区导览牌、方向指引、景点介绍、警示等公共标识系统，为游园提供便利。Additional park guidance signs, directional indicators, scenic spot introductions, warning signs, and other public sign systems are installed to provide convenience for visitors to the park. Considering that the park is primarily used by local residents, the entire wayfinding system features bilingual signs in both Chinese and Tibetan.

工程接近尾声，园中滨水重塑区域的植被还没有完善，局部细节还需提升优化，预计春节后整改提升正式完工。而在未来几年中，示范园会继续生长，继续自我修复，这里的自然生态系统会越来越好，生物多样性会越来越完善。以后大家再次走过川藏线经过道孚的时候，你会发现道孚除了有闻名世界的藏民居、墨石公园，县城边上还多了一处可观、可游、可露营的生态公园。

As the project nears completion, the vegetation in the waterfront reshaping area of the park is not yet fully developed, and some local details still need to be enhanced and optimized. It is expected that rectification and improvement will be completed after the Spring Festival. In the coming years, the demonstration park will continue to grow and self-repair. The natural ecosystem here will become better and better, and biodiversity will become more and more complete. In the future, when you pass through Daofu on the Sichuan-Tibet line again, you will find that in addition to the world-famous Tibetan dwellings and the Mo Shi Park, there is an additional ecological park in the county town that is worth watching, visiting, and camping.

摘要 Abstract

雅砻江流域鲜水河畔，海拔 3000 米的道孚高原水生态保护修复示范园历时两年终于和大家见面，为川西旅游环线又添一景。

On the banks of the Xiashui River in the Yalong River Basin, at an altitude of 3000 meters, the Daofu Plateau Water Ecological Protection and Restoration Demonstration Park, after two years of construction, has finally been unveiled to the public, adding another scenic spot to the western Sichuan tourism circuit.

项目名称：道孚县高原水生态保护修复示范园