奥克兰联合学区中心丨美国丨CAW Architects

2024/05/07 18:59:28

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CAW Architects，一家以可持续的建筑以及对社会变革的关注而受到广泛认可的建筑事务所，近日以其最新教育项目 —— 奥克兰联合学区中心，向大众展示了加州教育建筑领域的最前沿。项目位于西奥克兰的心脏地带，将中央厨房、烹饪艺术教育中心和城市农场结合在一起，为奥克兰联合学区近77所学校的34,000名学生提供了支持。中心每天能够为整个学区的学生和家庭提供近30,000份新鲜烹制的饭菜。

CAW Architects, a firm widely-regarded for its enduring commitment to architecture for social change, and for being at the forefront of reshaping California education through design, is pleased to announce its latest educational project, The Center. Located in the heart of West Oakland, The Center marries a central kitchen, culinary arts education center, and an urban farm to support 34,000 students across nearly 77 schools for Oakland Unified School District. It is designed to provide nearly 30,000 fresh-cooked meals each day to feed students and families throughout the District.

▼鸟瞰，aerial views © Bruce Damonte Photography

▼顶视图，top view © Bruce Damonte Photography

“本项目旨在解决奥克兰儿童和家庭的食物正义、健康和营养教育问题。”AIA、CAW建筑事务所的负责人Brent McClure说，“它为其他学区开辟了一种新的模式。”

“This one project addresses food justice, health and wellness, and nutritional education for children and families throughout Oakland,” says Brent McClure, AIA, Principal of CAW Architects. “It creates a new model for other school districts to follow.”

▼活跃的户外公共空间，lively outdoor public space © Bruce Damonte Photography

设计围绕着一座大型室外庭院展开，大面积的木制格栅提供了充足的荫蔽空间。这些空间作为中心枢纽，将中央厨房、教育教室和教学花园连接成统一的整体，为学生、食品服务工作者、教育工作者和社区提供了服务。大型玻璃卷帘门将教室向室外庭院打开，教室内的人们可以直接从室内进入教学花园和温室。教室区域容纳了一处全方位服务的示范和教学厨房，学生教育空间，以及可自行规划的灵活实验室教室。该教育中心为整个奥克兰社区的幼儿和青少年提供了服务。

The design is organized around a large outdoor court, shaded under an expansive wood trellis. This space serves as the central hub, connecting the central-kitchen, education classrooms, and instructional garden into a single, unified space serving students, food-service workers, educators, and the community. Through large glass roll-up doors, the classrooms flow directly onto the outdoor court, and then into the instructional garden and greenhouse. The classrooms include a full-service demonstration and teaching kitchen, student education space, and a second flex lab classroom supporting programming. This education center serves early childhood to young adult programs for the entire Oakland community.

▼大面积的木制格栅提供了充足的荫蔽空间，

large wooden grilles provide ample shade © Bruce Damonte Photography

▼格栅顶棚，wooden canopy © Bruce Damonte Photography

▼建筑外观，exterior view of the building © Bruce Damonte Photography

▼近景，closer view © Bruce Damonte Photography

“奥克兰联合学区和奥克兰市一直处于社区主导的创新和社会正义的最前沿，”学区负责人Kyla Johnson-Trammell博士说。“该中心是这一丰富历史的最新例证，通过将当地食品系统和优化后的学校膳食，以及环境、食物和花园规划联系起来，为学生和社区提供了服务与支持。”

“Oakland Unified School District, and the city of Oakland, have always been at the forefront of community-led innovation and social justice,” says Dr. Kyla Johnson-Trammell, District Superintendent. “The Center is the most recent example of this rich history, by connecting local food systems and improved school meals with environment, food, and garden programming for our students and community.”

▼大型玻璃卷帘门将室内向室外打开，

large glass rolling doors open the interior to the outside © Bruce Damonte Photography

中央厨房的设计旨在最大限度地利用当地的食材，在可能的情况下，提供新鲜的食材和食物。最终，学生们将能够在食堂享受到新鲜的饭菜，这也是该地区更广泛的食品服务计划的一部分。

The central kitchen is designed to maximize the use of locally sourced ingredients, when possible, to create freshly prepared ingredients and meals. Ultimately, the students will be able to experience the sights and smells of freshly created meals through bulk serving kitchens, as part of the District’s broader food service plan.

▼种植区域，planting area © Bruce Damonte Photography

▼户外厨房，outdoor kitchen © Bruce Damonte Photography

建筑分两期建造，第一期包括：高设苗床、设备齐全并带有披萨烤箱的室外厨房、两间室外教室，以及温室和花园工作区。一期部分是小学、初中和高中学生实地考察的目的地，在那里他们可以了解农产品的生长周期和种类，还可以进行采摘并亲自准备一顿饭菜。未来的农场将为高中生提供科学、健康、福祉、城市农业和基于职业的学习机会，此外，中心还将开设成人教育项目，以支持更广泛的社区。温室将从种子开始育苗，并将植物提供给该地区近60所学校的学校花园。项目的第二阶段正在规划中，届时将在基地未开发的部分创建城市农场、社区花园和自然游戏空间。

Constructed in two phases, the first phase contains raised bed sections, a fully-equipped outdoor kitchen with pizza oven, two outdoor classrooms, a greenhouse, and garden work-areas. It acts as a field-trip destination for elementary, middle, and high school children, where they can learn about the growing cycles and types of produce, and then pick and prepare a meal. The future farm will offer science, health, wellness, urban agriculture, and career-based learning opportunities for high school students, as well as adult education programs to support the broader community. The space’s greenhouse produces all starter plants from seed to support school gardens across nearly 60 schools within the District. The District is currently planning the second phase to create an urban farm, community garden, and nature play space with the undeveloped portion of the site.

▼温室，greenhouse © Bruce Damonte Photography

CAW Architects为该项目开发了一系列创新解决方案，以减少能源消耗并提高建筑性能。其中包括以二氧化碳为基础的闭环制冷剂系统，该系统比传统系统效率更高；以及热回收循环系统，用于回收制冷产生的废热，以帮助加热建筑物的生活用水。建筑中所有主要空间都充满自然采光，而室外格栅顶棚的设计则是为了消除教室内的眩光。建筑顶部被规划为太阳能屋顶，以备将来使用，在未来的阶段，相对于典型的能源密集型中央厨房，充足的太阳能板将解决其50%的能源需求。可持续的设计，结合合理的建筑和场地规划，最终创造出了一种关注整个地区食物、健康和福祉的新模式。

CAW Architects designed several innovative solutions into the project to reduce energy consumption and enhance building performance. These include a C02 based closed-loop refrigerant system that is more efficient than traditional systems, and a heat-recovery loop to capture the waste-heat produced by the refrigeration to help heat the building’s domestic water. The building has 100% daylight autonomy in all major spaces, while the outdoor trellis was designed to eliminate all glare in the classrooms. The project is topped with a solar-ready roof for future use and, in a future phase, enough panels will reduce energy impacts by 50% over typical, energy intensive central kitchens. These design features, combined with the architecture and site planning, create a new model for food, health, and wellness that supports an entire region.