风之茶亭丨中国大理丨孔祥伟工作室

2024/09/12 13:18:21

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大理南涧县碧溪乡无量山脉中，有凤凰山一座，金庸小说《天龙八部》描写的百鸟朝凤的情景便取材于此。凤凰山海拔 2300 米，茶园与森林差互，平缓向阳之地为茶园，山谷背阴之地则为原始森林。

七十年的老茶园主人欲将茶园营造为一个茶旅综合体，今春时分受此委托，我实地探访后山森林谷地，发现一土宅废墟，历经风雨洗刷仅留两堵残墙，一高一低，立于山谷。土宅残墙一侧，有天然石崖壁一座，迎风而立一株醒目的灌木和繁茂的本土蕨。废墟周边林中有倒掉的大树和散落的枯木，前面茶园里有大量剪掉的茶树枝。我想能否将这些“自然的废材”变废为宝？如果做个凉亭，以崖壁为依托，利用刚才发现的这些废料，岂不一举两得？

Dali Nanjian County, Bixi Township in the infinite mountain range, there is a phoenix mountain. Jin Yong’s novel “Eight Parts of the Dragon” depicts the scene of the hundred birds towards the phoenix is taken from here. Phoenix Mountain is 2300 meters above sea level, tea plantations and forests are different from each other, gently sunny place for tea plantations, the valley back to the shady place for the primitive forest.

Seventy years of the old tea garden owner wants to create a tea garden for a tea tourism complex, commissioned by this spring, I visited the back of the forest valley, found the ruins of an earth house, washed through the wind and rain only left two walls, one high and one low, standing in the valley. On one side of the ruined wall of the house, there is a natural stone cliff, a striking shrub and a luxuriant native fern standing against the wind. In the forest around the ruins, there were fallen trees and scattered dead wood, and in the tea garden in front of the house, there were a large number of cut branches of tea trees. I wondered if it would be possible to turn these “natural wastes” into treasures. Wouldn’t it kill two birds with one stone if we made a pavilion, using the cliff as a support and utilizing the waste materials we just found?

▼风之茶亭整体环境，overall exvironment©孔祥伟

▼原始森林中的土墙与风之茶亭，earthen walls and windy tea pavilion in a premival forest©孔祥伟

▼浓雾中的风之茶亭，windy tea pavilion in the fog©孔祥伟

▼夏日的风之茶亭，windy tea pavilion in summer©孔祥伟

▼ 茶园和森林里发现的废料，scraps found in tea plantations and forests©孔祥伟

下午便驱车到镇上买了需要的材料，园主刘欣女士同步从山下彝族村落请来四位村民师傅便开始营造。我带着师傅们，裁废木为柱，择废枝为梁，顺着每根木头的长势进行绑扎，半晌功夫亭子框架便搭建完成。崖壁为内墙，依托崖壁上的灌木为柱，与另两柱相连，生长的树木和枯树成为一个整体。

次日，以茶树枝为亭子衣服开始编织工作。受山谷里的风的启发，茶树枝模拟风的轨迹方向排列，慢慢有了风的形态，故名“风之茶亭”。取废弃采石场的青石板，挡土铺路。小道两侧栽满从茶园移植的水蕨蒿，就地取材营造本土景观。蕨是侏罗纪时期留下来的活化石，小道遂命名为“侏罗纪小道”。

The construction of the pavilion began. I led the masters, cut the waste wood for the columns, chose the waste branches for the beams, and tied each piece of wood according to its growth, and the frame of the pavilion was built in the middle of the morning. The cliff wall was the inner wall, relying on the shrubs on the cliff wall as pillars, connected with the other two pillars, the growing trees and the dead trees became a whole.

The following day, the weaving work began with tea tree branches as the pavilion clothes. Inspired by the wind in the valley, the tea tree branches were arranged in a way that simulated the direction of the wind’s trajectory, and slowly took on the shape of the wind, hence the name “Kaze no Chateau”. The path is paved with green stone slabs from an abandoned quarry. On both sides of the path, water ferns transplanted from the tea plantation are planted to create a local landscape. The fern is a living fossil from the Jurassic period, so the path was named “Jurassic Path.

▼午后阳光，afternoon sunshine©孔祥伟

▼阳光下的茶亭，tea pavilion under the sun©孔祥伟

▼ 风之茶亭亭顶，tea pavilion top cover©孔祥伟

▼凤凰山老茶园风之茶亭，tea pavilion inside the old tea plantation©孔祥伟

于对面山坡远眺风之茶亭，仅一端可觅。灰褐色的茶树枝和遗世孤立的夯土墙相得益彰，造型上既有乡土性，又有一种现代的陌生感。入夜，灯光亮起，风之茶亭成为发光的灯笼，映射出茶树枝条编织的复杂肌理，午夜，透过枝条的缝隙可遥望满天繁星。

这个灵光乍现的乡土创作茶亭，用的几乎全是自然中的材料和村民熟练掌握的工艺。年轻的小彭师傅爬高做亭，年老的师傅们搬石铺路，三天半风之茶亭和侏罗纪小道便营造完成。此时此地，是设计营造的起点，也是设计营造的过程。整个项目物尽其用，成本极低，人工费最终核算，总计 3800 元。

▼搭建茶亭的彝族村民，villagers in construction©孔祥伟

The Pavilion can be found at only one end of a distant view from the hillside. The grayish-brown branches of the tea tree and the isolated rammed earth wall complement each other in a way that is both vernacular and strangely modern. At night, when the lights come on, the Wind Tea Pavilion becomes a glowing lantern, reflecting the intricate texture of the tea tree’s branches, and at midnight, one can look through the cracks in the branches to see a sky full of stars.

This aura of vernacular creation of tea pavilion, with almost all the materials in nature and the villagers skillfully mastered the process. The young master Peng climbed high to make the pavilion, the old masters moved stones to pave the way, three and a half days the wind of the tea pavilion and the Jurassic Trail was completed. The here and now is the starting point of the design and creation process. The whole project makes the best use of things, the cost is very low, the final accounting of labor costs, a total of 3,800 yuan.

▼夜晚的茶亭，tea pavlion at night©孔祥伟

▼夏日傍晚的茶亭，pavilion at summer dusk©孔祥伟

▼夏日傍晚的茶亭，pavilion at summer dusk©孔祥伟

▼夏日傍晚的茶亭，pavilion at summer dusk©孔祥伟

▼夜晚的茶亭，pavilion at night©孔祥伟

再次入园，已是三个月后的盛夏，废宅院子全都绿了起来，侏罗纪小道的蕨也已长到一人高。整个山谷生机勃勃，绿意盎然，叠加高海拔的湿度雾气飘飘，活脱脱绿野仙踪意境。好友张坪来访道：“我们不做设计，只做大自然的搬运工。”是然。

自然赋予我们太多宝藏：风、土、树、阳光、农田茶园和完全自然乡土的材料，身处自然仔细观察，便会发现大自然的无限。风之茶亭仅为偶得的小小创作，试图探索自然中乡土艺术空间的可能。

Once again into it was three months later in the height of summer, the courtyard of the abandoned house was all green, and the ferns of the Jurassic Trail had grown to a person’s height. The whole valley is full of vitality and greenery, superimposed with the high altitude humidity and mist, it is like the Wizard of Oz. My good friend Zhang Ping visited us and said, “We don’t do design, we only do nature’s porter.” Yes, it is. Nature gives us too many treasures: wind, soil, trees, sunshine, farmland and tea gardens, and completely natural and rustic materials, in the nature of careful observation, you will find nature’s infinite. Windy Tea Pavilion is just a small, occasional creation that tries to explore the possibility of vernacular art space in nature.

▼像羽毛一样的茶亭，tea pavilion like feathers©孔祥伟