科斯坦萨别墅花园丨瑞士

2024/09/20 10:15:27

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De Molfetta Strode Landscape Architects

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De Molfetta Strode Landscape Architects

De Molfetta Strode Landscape Architects：位于卢加诺的科斯坦萨别墅花园建造于19世纪早期，经过更新扩建后成为了一片生态绿地，并为邻里聚会提供场地。当地居民积极参与场地的规划翻新工作，并对项目予以了高度评价。

De Molfetta Strode Landscape Architects: The upgrade and expansion of the early 19th-century Villa Costanza Park in Lugano is an environmentally-friendly green space and a neighbourhood gathering space. Cherished by the local residents – who actively participated in the planning and renovation process – the public park contains diverse spaces dedicated to people of all ages and backgrounds who meet here.

扩建传统别墅花园的挑战在于保留其庄严肃穆的特点，通过采取一系列的空间策略来化解这一挑战，并将场地与更大的公共公园相联系。花园历史文化区域的修复包括对现状树木和建筑元素的精心保护，同时将现代可持续措施引入整个园区。一条无障碍的蜿蜒小路贯穿场地空间，将花园所有出入口连接起来，并克服了自然坡度的高差。重复出现的设计元素是对特色材料色调的诠释，让人们感到沉浸在悠闲的城市环境之中。

The challenge of expanding a traditional villa garden without losing its stately character is addressed through a series of spatial strategies that unify the larger public park. The restoration of the historic parts of the garden included a careful conservation of the imposing existing trees and architectural elements, while introducing a contemporary and sustainable approach that runs throughout the park. An accessible winding path runs through the whole space and connects all the park entrances, overcoming the natural grade drop. The repeated presence of designed features signals a recognisable material palette and helps people to feel immersed in a leisurely urban environment.

天然木材、手工砖和彩色混凝土是园内所有建筑及家具元素的主要建材，园区道路均由透水碎石铺设而成，粉红色的花岗岩是当地的传统石料。排水系统完全由地面雨水花园和种植洼地组成，用以实现雨水径流的蓄滞和自然渗透。

Natural wood, hand-made bricks and coloured concrete are used as the main construction materials for all architectural and furniture elements of the park. All paths are made of draining crushed stone, a pink granite traditionally quarried in the region. Stormwater drainage systems are entirely above ground with raingardens and planted swales that allow retention and natural infiltration of rainwater.

草坪区域被缩减至最低限度，仅仅只在活跃的游乐休闲场所设置。花园内大多数空间都密植了气候适应型乔灌木和地被植物，以减少高昂的维护费用，并避免大量的灌溉。新建区域主要播撒着从当地采购的野花草甸种子，以促进和丰富城市片区环境的生物多样性。

Turf areas are reduced to a minimum, designed only where active play and events happen. The majority of the park is densely planted with climate-adapted trees, shrubs and ground cover plants, so as to reduce costly management and avoid irrigation. A significant portion of the new section of the park is seeded with a locally-sourced flowering meadow, which promotes increased biodiversity in an urban context.

别墅旁花园上部的入口处有一座新的椭圆形砖砌喷泉，喷泉内部铺有手工制作的瓷砖，这些瓷砖均由当地一个残疾人就业协会承接制作。瓷砖上印有蕨叶、菊石和化石，这些元素与当地珍贵的史前历史息息相关。这一主题持续延伸到喷泉下方的花园区域，水杉、银杏和木兰等史前植物均被种植在长满蕨类植物的朽木旁。

A new oval brick fountain marks the entrance in the upper part of the park by the villa. The inside of this fountain is lined with handmade ceramic tiles, produced by a local inclusive association for the employment of people with disabilities. The tiles contain impressions of fern leaves, ammonites, and fossils that relate to the important prehistoric past of the area. This theme is also extended just below the fountain, in an area of the park where prehistoric plants such as metasequoias, ginkgos and magnolias have been planted alongside decaying felled trunks overgrown with ferns.

毗邻这片区域的是一个非正式露天剧场空间，宽阔的砖砌台阶面向舞台，这里可以用来举办音乐会和公共活动。剧场两侧被修剪整齐的角树树篱围合，空间开阔足以让人穿行其中。树篱将漫步者被引领至操场区域，并为鸟类和野生动物提供了一个四季皆宜的安全栖息地。

Adjacent to this area is an informal open-air theatre space built with wide brick steps facing a stage for concerts and public events. The theatre is enclosed on two sides by a long clipped hornbeam hedge, wide enough to walk through it, which takes strollers to the playground area and provides a safe habitat for birds and wildlife throughout the seasons.

园区下半部分有两块开阔的区域专门打造为城市邻里菜园，菜园里设有蔬菜种植床、存放工具的板条箱和储物柜。两个菜园之间有一个大型公共凉棚，凉棚下的桌凳均由从仓库中回收的原木制成。远处的公共广场上有雾化喷泉，可以起到降温、削弱城市热岛效应的作用。除了社会及环境效益之外，喷泉还以各种各样的形式出现在场地环境中，这是对水元素的一种赞颂。

In the lower part of the park are two large areas dedicated to urban neighbourhood gardens, custom-designed with beds for growing vegetables, crates and lockers for tool storage. Between the two vegetable garden areas is a large public pergola, with tables and benches made from salvaged logs from the city’s warehouses. Farther down is a public square with nebuliser fountains for playful cooling and countering the urban heat island effect. Ultimately, alongside its social and environmental benefits, fountains are present in various forms within the public park as a cheerful celebration of water in urban settings.