拉斯罗卡斯丨墨西哥丨Ignacio Urquiza y Ana Paula de Alba

IUA Ignacio Urquiza Arquitectos：Las Rocas 是一个由四栋房屋组成的建筑群，位于布拉沃山谷北部的 La Peña 地区，这里地势较高，遍布着裸露的岩石和特有植被。这片占地 6400 平方米的场地被视为邻近自然保护区的延伸，该项目力求尊重并延续这一环境。

IUA Ignacio Urquiza Arquitectos：Las Rocas is a complex of four houses in the northern part of Valle de Bravo known as La Peña, an elevated terrain of outcrops and endemic vegetation. The 6,400-m2 site was treated as an extension of the adjacent natural reserve, and the project seeks to respect and regenerate this environment.

要确定每栋房屋的位置，以尽量减少对原有径流、岩石和植被的影响，必须进行详细而准确的现场分析，这对于项目至关重要。

一条狭窄的石头小路通向建筑群的中央服务区，其中包括停车场、储藏室以及蓄水池、机房和处理设备等重要键设施。住户必须在这里下车，然后沿着小路、台阶和小广场步行前往房屋，在行走之间，可以迅速从城市环境中解脱出来。

A detailed and accurate site analysis was essential to determine where to position each of the houses for minimal impact on the preexisting runoffs, rocks, and vegetation. A narrow cobbled road leads to the complex’s central service area that contains a car park, storerooms, as well as key installations such as cisterns, machine rooms, and treatment plants. Users are required to leave their vehicles here and walk to the houses via paths, steps, and small plazas, immediately freeing them from the urban surroundings.

该项目从对设计方案的研究中逐步形成：其理念是创建一个动态系统，根据每个地方的特点生成不同的配置，以优化这些地点的组合。因此，四栋住宅使用了相同的模块和组件，但根据各自的特点采用了独特的布局。这些体量可在六个方向（前、后、上、下、左、右）自由布置，以适应各自的具体情况。这种简单而动态变化的系统将建筑与自然环境融为一体。这些体量互不接触；它们之间的分离创造了空隙、视野、自然采光和通风，使其与场地充分融合。在 Las Rocas，浴室可以是一块石头，一棵树可以是屋顶的一部分，地形本身也可以作为一条人行道或一组台阶：自然定义了设计。

The project evolved from the study of the program: the idea was to create a dynamic system, generating different configurations to optimize compositions for each location. As a result, the four houses use the same modules and components but with unique layouts depending on their respective characteristics. The volumes are freely arranged in six directions (front, rear, above, below, left, right) in response to their specific situations. This simple and dynamic system blends the architecture into its natural context. These volumes do not touch each other; their separation creates voids, views, natural light and ventilation to integrate them adequately within the site. In Las Rocas, a bathroom can be a stone, a tree a part of the roof, and the terrain itself a walkway or set of steps: nature defines the design.

与工作室负责过的许多项目一样，这些模块都是在工作室单独设计，然后在现场进行布局，以确定它们的理想位置。一旦位置确定，就开始添加家具，先通过想象门和窗户的位置，然后再将它们与走廊连接起来。走廊是一条线性轴线，起着水平和垂直循环的作用，其规模、尺寸和层高都取决于每个体量在项目中的位置。这些流通路线使建筑与场地相适应，而非与之相悖。

封闭的体量与开放的走廊形成鲜明对比，旨在激发居住者在这些空间中的不同感受：封闭的睡眠区与直接连接当地植被和岩石景观的开放式流通路线形成对比。除了连接不同的区域外，走廊还通过岩石的阴影和住宅朝北的布局，捕捉到南面的光线和局部的热量，从而调节房屋的温度。

As with many of our projects, the modules were designed separately in the studio and then mapped out on site to define their ideal location. Once positioned, we added the furnishings, imagining the placement of doors and windows before connecting them to the corridor, a linear axis that acts as a horizontal and vertical circulation, with dimensions, measurements, and levels all depending on the location of each volume within the program. These circulation routes adapt the architecture to the site and not vice-versa. The contrast between the closed volumes and the openness of the corridors is designed to stimulate different sensations when inhabiting these spaces: the enclosure of the sleeping area contrasts with the open circulation routes that relate directly to the local vegetation and rocky landscape. Apart from linking the different areas, the corridor captures southern light and local heat to regulate the houses’ temperature thanks to the shadows thrown by the outcrops and the north-facing orientation of the residences.

起居室和餐厅有一个由 5 x 10 米悬臂搭建的转角窗户，它打开了空间，将室内与室外直接连接起来。这种设计避免了在布拉沃山谷的乡村度假屋中常见的“重复区域的”问题，确保这些房间可以得到充分利用，并成为项目的核心元素。

The living and dining rooms have a corner window created by a 5 x 10 meter cantilever, opening up the space and directly joining the interior to the exterior. This design avoids duplicating areas—a common issue in rural retreats in Valle de Bravo—to ensure these rooms are fully used and become core elements of the program.

厨房与餐厅和起居室位于同一体量内，在某些情况下，可以通过滑动隔板将其与这些空间相连。露台是这组建筑中的最后一块拼图：其尺寸可根据现场的环境进行调整，使景观成为项目的一部分，模糊建筑与周围环境的界限。

The kitchen is located in the same space as the dining room and living room, and in some cases it can be joined to these spaces with a sliding partition. The terraces were the last piece of the jigsaw: they were plotted on the site to adapt their dimensions to the possibilities of the context and for the landscape to form part of the project, blurring the boundary between construction and the surroundings.

Las Rocas 采用浅灰色粉刷饰面，与周围岩石的主要色调相协调。仅用的另外两种材料：纹理石材地板和玻璃也与该项目相得益彰。玻璃始终与外墙齐平，与墙壁的光滑质感相匹配，与周围环境形成鲜明对比，既反映了周围环境，又使房屋与周围环境融为一体。这种色彩搭配使建筑显得低调而简洁：坚实的体量组合营造出一种轻盈的感觉；植被和自然环境成为主要元素。这些房屋以其简洁的风格脱颖而出，创造了一个安静的建筑空间，使环境更加突出。

The light-gray stucco finish for Las Rocas matches the predominant hue of the surrounding rocks. Only two other materials complement the project: textured stone flooring and glass, which is always flush with the exterior façades, matches the walls’ smooth texture, in stark contrast to the surroundings, reflecting the surroundings and merging the house within its context. This color scheme allows a discreet and simple architecture: the composition of the solid volumes creates a sense of lightness; vegetation and nature are kept as the main element. The houses stand out for their simplicity, creating a quiet built space to bring the context to the fore.

设计师 Ana Paula de Alba 为每栋房屋量身定制的室内设计满足了家庭的实际需求，使每个空间都独具特色。每栋住宅都有自己的精髓，这是用户、建筑和环境之间协同作用的结果。

Ana Paula de Alba’s custom interior designs for each house responds to the families’ specific needs, giving every space a unique character. Each home has its own essence, the result of the synergy between user, architecture, and context.

▽场地平面图 Site Plan ©Ignacio UrquizaArquitectos + apda Ana Paula de Alba

▽House I ©Ignacio UrquizaArquitectos + apda Ana Paula de Alba

▽House II ©Ignacio UrquizaArquitectos + apda Ana Paula de Alba

▽House III ©Ignacio UrquizaArquitectos + apda Ana Paula de Alba

▽House IV ©Ignacio UrquizaArquitectos + apda Ana Paula de Alba

项目名称：Las Rocas

地点：墨西哥 Estado，布拉沃山谷

用途：住宅

面积：3200 平方米

状态：已建成

竣工时间：2022 年

建筑事务所：Ignacio Urquiza y Ana Paula de Alba

建筑：Ignacio Urquiza Seoane

设计团队：Michela Lostia, Ana Laura Ochoa, Anet Carmona

室内设计师：Ana Paula De Alba

室内设计团队：Sacha Bourgarel

摄影师：Onnis Luque

Instagram：@nacho.urquiza,@ignaciourquiza.mx,@apda.mx

新闻联系人：Fernanda Ventura, fernanda@ignaciourquiza.mx, info@ignaciourquiza.mx

Project name: Las Rocas

Location: Valle de Bravo, Estado de México, México

Use: Residential

Area: 3,200 m2

Status: Built

End of construction: 2022

Architecture Office: Ignacio Urquiza y Ana Paula de Alba

Architecture: Ignacio Urquiza Seoane

Design team: Michela Lostia, Ana Laura Ochoa, Anet Carmona

Interior Designer: Ana Paula De Alba

Interior Design Team: Sacha Bourgarel

Photographer: Onnis Luque

Instagram: @nacho.urquiza, @ignaciourquiza.mx, @apda.mx

借自然定义设计。