沙漠花园之诗丨美国加利福尼亚丨Arterra Landscape Architects

Dry Garden Poetry｜Arterra Landscape Architects

项目陈述

PROJECT STATEMENT

项目的业主已经在一栋坐落在两英亩斜坡上的住宅中生活了 20 年，他们觉得他们传统的灰泥住宅被一堵高墙包围，将他们与场地和景观隔离开来。因此，他们找到设计团队，要求设计充分利用蒙特利湾上方山丘上的土地，创造一栋具有能源和水意识的全新住宅。

LA 与设计团队和业主密切合作，创造了一栋小型建筑综合体，这些建筑体量向场地开放，并结合沙漠与海岸景观定义了一系列户外空间。在 LA 的设计领导下，场地规划和建筑布局创造了夏季和冬季露台，每处露台都充分利用了阳光、天气和被动制冷/供暖策略，让空间在每个季节都能够保持舒适。

The clients had been living on a sloping two-acre site for 20 years and felt their traditional stucco home, enclosed by a tall wall, cut them off from the site and views. They approached the design team with a request to create a new energy and water-conscious home that fully utilized the land in the hills above Monterey Bay.

The LA worked closely with the design team and client to create a compound of small buildings that open onto the land and combine to define a series of outdoor spaces in a desert-meets-coastal landscape. The LA lead the site planning and building placement to create the Summer and Winter Terraces, which each take advantage of the sun, weather and passive cooling/heating to be comfortable in their respective seasons.

▲正立面：对场地的仔细研究为新建筑的选址提供了信息，这这里，人们的目光可以穿过草地看到蒙特利湾，并与橡树林地景观相结合，Front elevation: Careful study of the site informed the siting of the new buildings to look across the meadow to the Monterey Bay and engage with the oak woodland. © Marion Brenner

项目说明

PROJECT NARRATIVE

业主在一栋坐落在两英亩斜坡上的住宅中生活了 20 年，他们感觉传统的灰泥住宅以及四周高高的实心围墙，将他们与整个场地以及海湾的美景隔离开来。因此，他们向设计团队提出了一个请求，想要建造一栋注重能源和水资源的全新住宅，充分利用他们位于蒙特雷湾上方山丘中的场地优势。

经过多年的合作以及多次设计研讨，景观设计师与业主、建筑师和室内设计师紧密合作，彻底改变了房屋的设计。对场地、地形以及环绕草地的沿海栎树林进行了细致的研究，决定了建筑物的选址。业主的原住宅建在较低的草地上，但新建筑群则位于较高的地块上，以俯瞰草地和海湾。

设计团队通过建筑与土地建立起联系，将大型住宅重新构思为一系列小型体量，这些体量围合出不同的户外空间，这些户外空间的面积是楼层平面的两倍。

鉴于炎热的夏季和温和的冬季，每个户外空间的朝向和采光都经过精心考虑，以便在需要时提供阳光或阴凉。景观设计师主导了场地规划、建筑布局和体量设计，打造出夏季和冬季露台。露台位于最大建筑体量的两侧，充分利用了其南北朝向的优势。

夏日露台是避暑的好去处。景观设计师通过在南侧的用餐区种植橄榄树林，实现了被动降温方法。一个带有镂空金属屏风的遮蔽长廊，环绕在用餐区东侧的边缘，过滤后的光线透过屏风洒落进来，营造出宁静惬意的氛围。庭院的最后一个标志性元素是一堵 8 英尺高的紫色灰泥墙，黑色钢盒里的水从墙上流出并汇入水池。喷泉墙后隐藏着一个带有托斯卡纳烤炉的小型烹饪区。墙上还悬挑出一块长长的回收木材，用作长凳。两栋小建筑之间是一座菜园和一处 12 英尺高的休闲角落。

相比之下，冬日露台则是一处明亮的户外空间，非常适合凉爽的北加州天气。夏季露台通过可折叠玻璃门与冬日露台相连。长长的石灰岩台阶通向沐浴在阳光下的庭院。

露台边缘有一个由大石块构成的火坑，周围环绕着水洗石材，点缀着供人坐卧的大石块。这里，建筑物墙壁反射的热量为仙人掌和多肉植物提供了理想的生长条件。景观设计师将植物的节奏作为一种巧妙的表达，以衬托墙壁戏剧性的空白。简洁的硬质景观设计与客户所希望的野生、抗旱花园形成对比，景观设计师选用了仙人掌、多肉植物与本地植物交织成一片充满纹理变化的“织锦”，保证花园全年都能保持趣味。帕洛佛德树勾勒出大露台的景色，同时不影响下方草地的景观。

露台和花园的坡度由一系列堆叠的水洗大石块支撑。这些石块在垂直和水平上相互交叠，使建筑到下方草地的过渡更加自然。干燥的植物种植方案进一步增强了沙漠般的感觉，共使用了四种草类、本地荞麦和咖啡浆果，搭配袋鼠爪，以及银叶树。为了适应不同的微气候，种植方案在整个场地上各不相同，创造出多样的花园空间，带来了丰富的空间体验。

▲总平面图：新的小型现代建筑群向景观开放，位于场地更高的位置，与自然融为一体，Master Plan: A new compound of small contemporary buildings opens to the landscape and is sited higher on the property to engage nature. © Landscape Architect

▲正面入口：在整个项目中，石灰岩铺路石与随风飘动的草叶、多肉植物和仙人掌的色调相辅相成，创造出空间的凝聚力，Front Entry: Throughout the project, limestone pavers and a consistent palette of airy and textural grasses, succulents and cactus create cohesion. © Marion Brenner

▲秘密通道：通往私人露台的门洞，Secret Portal: “Secret portal” through spine wall into the private terrace. © Marion Brenner

▲仙人掌和照明设计：仙人掌和灯光在画廊般的墙壁上创造了一场光影的艺术游戏，Cacti and lighting: The cacti and uplighting create an artistic play of shadow and light on a gallery-like wall. © Marion Brenner

▲用餐区：客厅通往夏日露台的户外用餐区。Dining area: The living room opens up to the outdoor dining area on the Summer Terrace. © Marion Brenner

▲夏日露台：深紫色的石膏喷泉墙定义出室外餐厅和夏日露台的范围，在极简主义的整体氛围中引入了大胆的色彩。Summer Terrace: The outdoor dining room and Summer Terrace are grounded by an eggplant plaster fountain wall, introducing a bold color into the minimalist palette. © Marion Brenner

▲灰泥喷泉墙：喷泉墙具有多重功能，既作为庭院和室外厨房之间的分界线，同时也作为户外空间中的景观焦点和水景，Stucco Fountain Wall: The stucco fountain wall is multipurpose, acting as a division between the courtyard and outdoor kitchen, as a focal point and as a water feature. © Marion Brenner

▲喷泉墙后的户外厨房：在喷泉墙外，规划有一处户外厨房，厨房中设有一条质朴的再生木长凳，以及一个混凝土结构的燃木烤架，Outdoor kitchen behind fountain wall: Beyond the fountain wall, lies an outdoor kitchen with a rustic reclaimed timber bench and wood-burning grill housed in a concrete structure. © Marion Brenner

▲愚景：耐寒植物柔化了木模板混凝土墙、后现代愚景、石灰石铺路石和雕塑般的仙人掌的几何线条，Folly: Low-water plantings soften the geometry of board-formed concrete walls, a postmodern folly, limestone pavers and sculptural cacti. © Marion Brenner

▲种植和材料细节：种植的变化适应每个室外空间，以适应不同的微气候，并在整个场地创造独特的体验，Planting and materials detail: Responding to a range in microclimates, the planting varies to adapt to each outdoor space and to create distinctive experiences throughout the site. © Marion Brenner

▲山坡和住宅：住宅由小型当代建筑体量组成，每个体量都向场地开放，并结合起来定义了一系列户外空间，Hillside and residence: The residence is composed of a compound of small contemporary buildings that each open onto the land and combine to define a series of outdoor spaces. © Marion Brenner

▲冬日露台：冬日露台由高大的摩洛哥风格灰泥墙围合，由巨石建造的自然主义火坑为场地带来了光与温暖。The Winter Terrace: The Winter Terrace is warmed by the reflection off tall Moroccan inspired stucco walls and a naturalistic firepit built of boulders. © Marion Brenner

▲沙漠般的植物景观：四种类型的草和耐寒植物进一步增强了场地中沙漠般的感觉，与本土植物和草地融为一体，Desert-like planting palette: A dry planting palette furthers the desert-like feel with four types of grasses and low-water plantings as the bank meets a meadow of native grasses. © Marion Brenner

▲巨石墙：露台和花园由一系列堆叠水洗石围合，Boulder Wall: The grade of the terrace and garden is supported by a series of stacked and overlapping water-washed boulders. © Marion Brenner

PROJECT NARRATIVE

The clients had been living on a sloping two-acre site for over 20 years and felt their traditional stucco home, enclosed by a tall solid wall, cut them off from the full extent of the site and bay views. They approached the design team with a request to create a new energy and water-conscious home that fully utilized the merits of their property in the hills above Monterey Bay.

Over a series of years and many charrettes, the LA collaborated with the owners, the architect and interior designer to completely transform the way the home. Careful study of the site, topography and coast live oaks woodlands that rimmed the meadow, drove the siting of the buildings. While the original house was set into the lower meadow, the new compound was set high on the property to look across the meadow to the bay.

The team used the architecture to create connection to the land, reimagining a large home as a series of small structures composed to encompass distinct outdoor rooms, in effect doubling the floor plan.

With hot summers and pleasant winters, the exposure and aspect of each outdoor room was considered to provide sun or shade when desired. The LA drove the site planning, building placement and massing to create the Summer and Winter Terraces. The terraces fall to either side of the largest building, taking advantage of being north and south facing.

The Summer Terrace is a refuge from the heat. The LA employed passive cooling methods by planting a bosque of olives over the dining area on the southern side. A covered loggia encloses the eastern edge with filtered light passing through the lacy filigree metal screen. The final defining element of the courtyard is an 8’ eggplant-colored stucco wall with a blackened steel box spilling water into a basin. A small cooking area with a Tuscan grill is tucked behind the fountain wall. Cantilevered off this wall is a long reclaimed timber employed as a bench. Between two small buildings is a vegetable garden and lounging nook in a 12’ tall stucco folly.

The Winter Terrace in contrast, is a bright outdoor room for use on cool Northern California days. The Summer Terrace connects to the Winter Terrace through pocketing glass doors. Long monolithic limestone steps lead down to the sundrenched patio.

A firepit of boulders emerges out of the terrace rimmed by water-washed stone and accented by boulders for seating. Here the reflected heat off the building walls sets up ideal conditions for cactus and succulent plantings. The LA composed the rhythm of architectural plants as an artful expression to complement the blank canvas of the dramatic walls. Restraining the hardscape to counterbalance the wild, drought tolerant garden the client desired, the LA selected cacti, succulents and grasses with native plants to weave a tapestry of texture for year round interest. Palo verde trees frame views from the large patio without interrupting views to the meadow below.

The grade of this terrace and garden is supported by a series of stacked water-washed boulders. The boulders overlap vertically and horizontally to make for a more natural transition from the house to the meadow below. A dry planting palette furthers the desert-like feel with four types of grasses, native buckwheat and coffee berry along with kangaroo paw and Leucadendron.

Responding to a range in microclimates, the planting varies to adapt and to create distinctive garden spaces throughout the site to create complex experiences.

Project Credits:

Bret Hancock, Architect

Mimi Snowden, Interior Designer

Jon Badeaux Construction, General Contractor

Far West Landscaping, Landscape Contractor

Level 5 Design, Plaster Finish

Kate Stickle, FASLA, Landscape Architect

Natasha Libina, ASLA, Landscape Architect