Zénith学校，加拿大 / Pelletier de Fontenay + Leclerc

位于蒙特利尔的建筑事务所Pelletier de Fontenay与Leclerc Architects合作打造了Zénith学校，该大型项目是Lab-École于2019年发起的一系列竞赛的成果。作为自20世纪60年代以来魁北克省的首次学校建筑设计竞赛，项目标志着该地教育领域的一个转折点，将更新魁北克省小学的建设计划、组织和方式。

Pelletier de Fontenay, an architectural firm based in Montreal, in partnership with Leclerc Architects, presents École du Zénith, a project resulting from a series of competitions launched by Lab-École in 2019. Being the first school architecture competition since the 1960s, this major project marks a turning point in Quebec’s educational landscape, renewing the program, organization, and way of building primary schools in the province.

▼项目概览，overview of the project ©James Brittain

学校坐落在一片广袤的风景中，得益于其体量和屋顶造型，建筑在大地上塑造了一条新的地平线。建筑设计了众多场馆空间围绕着一个内院，将Shefford山的壮丽山色尽收眼底。整个建筑群提供了一种设计上的双重诠释，既体现了每个教育阶段孩子们的个性，也体现了学校更具广泛性的社区属性。每个学生都能找到自己的场馆，找到自己的“家”，从而在教育周期的各个阶段中直观地看到自己过去和未来的学习历程。建筑采用了大窗户、悬挑屋顶和多入口设计，旨在尽可能模糊和渗透室内外之间的界限，从而将建筑与景观紧密相连。

▼轴测图，axonometric drawing ©Pelletier de Fontenay + Leclerc

Set in a vast and open landscape, the school appears as a new horizon line, shaped by the interplay of volumes and roofs. The pavilions are assembled around an inner courtyard that frames magnificent views of Mount Shefford. The ensemble offers a dual interpretation, allowing the expression of both the individuality of each cycle and the broader school community. Each student can identify with their own pavilion, their own “home”, and thus visualize their past and future academic journey through the school cycles. With large windows, overhanging roofs, and multiple entry points, the architecture aims to make the boundary between inside and outside as permeable as possible, thus connecting the architecture with the landscape.

▼中央大庭院空间，large courtyard space ©James Brittain

▼模糊的室内外界限，Blurred indoor-outdoor boundaries ©James Brittain

学生们一般总是先穿过大庭院，然后再去各自的储物柜。中央大庭院提供了足够的硬质地面，可以容纳学校的所有学生。大庭院同时还整合了多种本土植物种植区，包括成龄乔树、灌木、多年生植物和野花。最靠近厨房和食堂的种植区是一个菜园，采用了“可食林地”的形式。散落在庭院各处的天然岩石可用作长凳、屏障、小径或是过渡元素，学生们在这里可以尽情地玩耍。建筑的悬挑大屋顶相互连接，形成一条连续的环绕庭院的有顶棚通道。

Students always enter through the large courtyard before heading to their lockers. The courtyard, while offering ample mineral surfaces that can accommodate all the school’s students, integrates numerous planted areas combining mature trees, shrubs, perennials, and wildflowers, all of local origin. The planting area closest to the kitchen/cafeteria serves as a vegetable garden, in the form of an edible forest. Natural rocks scattered here and there serve as benches, barriers, pathways, and transitional elements, allowing students to playfully appropriate the space. The large overhanging roofs of the buildings interconnect to form a continuous covered walkway around the courtyard.

▼多种形态与功能的天然岩石，versatile natural rocks ©James Brittain

▼环绕庭院的有顶棚通道，a continuous covered walkway around the courtyard ©James Brittain

学校设计必须是既简单又复杂的，即在表达和组织上务求简单，但在空间形态和丰富性上需要考虑复杂度。从建筑剖面上看，教室利用坡屋顶实现了宽敞的天花板空间。而这些坡屋顶在室内的协作区域上方延伸并交汇，形成了一个具有双层高度的空间。协作区域可同时容纳四个班级进行共享协同。在这里，部分空间被设计为双层挑高，另一部分空间则为通过看台楼梯进入的夹层区域。

The school must be both simple and complex – simple in its expression and organization, but complex in its spatiality and the richness of its spaces. In section, the classrooms benefit from the roof slope to achieve a generous ceiling height. These slopes extend and meet above the collaboration areas, defining a double-height space. Shared among four classes, the collaboration zone partly unfolds in double height, and partly in a mezzanine accessible by a bleacher stair.

▼具有双层高度的空间，a double-height space ©James Brittain

▼教室空间的坡屋顶，Sloped roofs for classroom spaces ©James Brittain

▼宽敞的教室空间，Spacious classroom space ©James Brittain

主空间用于接待、行政管理、日托服务以及容纳各教育阶段学生共用的一些公共设施。公共空间在宽敞的双层高度下展开。一个阶梯式区域连接着与庭院直接相连的低层区域和夹层中更为私密的那些区域。建筑师们在台阶和夹层中设计了一个大型天窗，在这里，人们可以将屋顶和窗外的山色尽收眼底。

The main pavilion houses the reception, administration, daycare services, and common facilities shared between cycles. The common space unfolds under a generous double height. A stepped area bridges a lower zone directly connected to the courtyard and a more intimate area placed in the mezzanine. From the steps and the mezzanine, a large skylight frames the view of Mount Shefford beyond the roofs and the landscape.

▼与庭院直接相连的阶梯式区域，A stepped area connected to the courtyard ©James Brittain

▼阶梯式区域连接的二层区域，A stepped area connected to the second ©James Brittain

▼活跃的台阶区域空间，Active stepped area space ©James Brittain

▼看向山色的私密空间，Private space overlooking the mountains ©James Brittain

▼看向屋顶的私密空间，Private space overlooking the roof ©James Brittain

▼私密空间细部，intimate area details ©James Brittain

由于体育馆空间被安排在地下，人们可以从上方的公共走廊看到体育馆和馆内正在开展的活动。在这条加宽的走廊里，固定的家具设施为小规模的小组活动创造了可能，走廊的通透设计则提供了人们与森林的持续视觉交流。

教室有着宽敞的开口，其设计是为了避免使用空调就能实现相同的调节效果。屋顶的悬挑则有助于控制夏季的阳光辐射，并最大限度地减少太阳直射。巨大的三角形烟囱状竖井贯穿每个空间，把自然光慷慨地引入室内。同时作为一种生物气候装置，竖井结合屋顶形状，可以自然地引导暖空气，并最终将其排出。

The classrooms, with their generous openings, are designed to avoid the need for mechanical air conditioning. The overhangs of the roofs help control summer radiation and minimize solar gains. Punctuating each pavilion, large triangular chimneys generously allow zenithal light to enter. These chimneys also collectively serve as a bioclimatic device, with the shape of the roofs naturally directing warm air towards these shafts, where it can be evacuated.

▼大型三角形烟囱状竖井，large triangular chimneys ©James Brittain

▼烟囱状竖井细部，chimney details ©James Brittain

在本项目的设计中，建筑师们没有直接照搬周边地区的乡土建筑，但其设计的低矮体量和倾斜屋顶，最终形成了与附近房屋或农场建筑相呼应的视觉效果。这样，孩子们就进入了一个他们熟悉的世界：一个温馨和亲切的世界。

Without literally reproducing the vernacular architecture of the surrounding area, the school, with its low volumes and sloped roofs, offers archetypal forms that echo the nearby houses or farm buildings. Thus, children enter a world that is familiar to them; a warm and welcoming world.

▼简洁温馨的室内空间，Simple and warm interiors ©James Brittain

▼建筑物夜景，Night view of buildings ©James Brittain

▼总平面图，site plan ©Pelletier de Fontenay + Leclerc

▼首层平面图，First Floor Plan ©Pelletier de Fontenay + Leclerc

▼二层平面图，Second Floor Plan ©Pelletier de Fontenay + Leclerc

▼屋顶平面图，Roof Floor Plan ©Pelletier de Fontenay + Leclerc

▼立面图，Elevation plan ©Pelletier de Fontenay + Leclerc

▼剖立面图1，Section one ©Pelletier de Fontenay + Leclerc

▼剖立面图2，Section two ©Pelletier de Fontenay + Leclerc

Technical sheet

Name: École du Zénith

Client: Centre de Service Scolaire Val-des-Cerfs

Architecture: Pelletier de Fontenay + Leclerc

Landscape Architecture: Fauteux et associés in collaboration with agence Relief Design

Structure: Lateral Conseil

Civil: Gravitaire

Electromechanical: BPA

Photos: James Brittain