2023 ASLA城市设计类荣誉奖：圣彼得码头，圣彼得堡 / KEN SMITH WORKSHOP

St Pete Pier: Revitalization of Waterfront and Historic Pier Site｜KEN SMITH WORKSHOP

项目概述

PROJECT STATEMENT

圣彼得码头是当地对公平开放空间和环境弹性的投资，也是经济发展的催化剂。该项目用充满活力的公共景观取代了老化的码头，整合了基础设施，为城市的市中心注入活力。它锚定了一个更大的地区发展战略，在设计、建筑、景观建筑、规划、可达性设计、弹性规划和工程方面都展现出多功能性与灵活性。新码头可谓是具有社会、经济和环境意义的城市基础设施的设计典范。同样重要的是，它以迷人的景观和建筑空间，自然美景和活跃的公共活动，为当地人们创造了一个令人满意的社交与休闲目的地。

The St. Pete Pier is an investment in equitable open space and environmental resiliency, and a catalyst for economic development. The project replaces an aging pier with a dynamic public landscape that integrates infrastructure to energize the city’s downtown revitalization. It anchors a larger district development strategy with a multi-use approach to design, architecture, landscape architecture, programming, multi-modal access, resiliency planning and engineering. The new pier is a model for designing urban infrastructure with social, economic and environmental goals. Just as importantly, it creates a satisfying destination with engaging landscape and architectural spaces, natural beauty, and active public programming.

▲鸟瞰：码头创造了一个全新的城市目的地，它既是滨水区的标志，也是市中心活力的组成部分，Bird’s Eye View: The Pier creates a destination that embraces its role both as an icon for the waterfront and an integral part of the vitality of the downtown district © Rich Montalbano / RiMO

项目说明

PROJECT NARRATIVE

圣彼得堡码头自19世纪末首次改造更新以来，一直是佛罗里达州圣彼得堡市身份和形象的重要组成部分。当前的26英亩码头区重建项目由两个部分组成：2014年启动的12英亩圣彼得堡码头和2016年启动的14英亩码头入口。这两个区域由两个设计团队与城市合作开发。本次奖项申报针对的是12英亩的圣彼得堡码头。

新的码头代表着未来的城市基础设施，是景观、建筑和城市设计的高度融合之作。该项目涵盖了经济发展、城市韧性、环境意识、社会公平、公共通道和娱乐等多个方面。从构思之初，新的码头便被设计为多用途的开放空间，旨在提供多样化的体验。设计重点在于与现有的历史滨水公园和市中心社区的连接。码头区被设想为一个多模式区域，强调以行人优先。通过与包括自行车道、慢跑道、停车场和公共交通在内的交通和娱乐系统相结合，码头将滨海区域与圣彼得堡市中心的日常生活连接起来。作为该区域的核心，新的12英亩新码头不仅在码头末端创造出活动空间，还在其全长1380英尺的范围内设有多种本地及旅游项目。该码头也是城市应对海平面上升和日益严重的风暴潮的投资，通过新基础设施减少洪水影响，并确保在百年一遇的风暴和四级飓风中保护城市的安全。

该项目设计是圣彼得堡市2014年举办的国际竞赛的获胜方案，该竞赛旨在重新设计并替换旧码头。多阶段竞赛由代表广泛社区利益的码头遴选委员会监督，并在每个阶段征求了公众意见。获胜设计强调了反映城市历史和生态的目标，并且要求保护滨水区并向公众开放。新码头作为圣彼得堡市的地标，既承担了地标性的角色，又成为了城市活力和市中心生活的重要组成部分。设计突出了水中、水面上和水上方的独特体验，延续了城市肌理，提供了全年精彩纷呈的活动。

设计采用了佛罗里达现代主义的色调和建筑语汇，强调简洁、朴素的设计语言和坚固的材料：混凝土、金属、木材和本地植物。码头和新建筑提供了宽敞的遮阳、半户外空间和舒适度，其大面积的悬挑屋顶与周围的景观无缝融合。设计还借鉴了海岸的本地生态类型，如沙丘、红树林和河口，创造出对区域景观的现代诠释。

在五年的项目过程中，整个设计团队积极参与，进行了频繁的实地考察和社区外展。团队沉浸在当地的文化、历史和环境中，发展出了影响最终项目设计的见解。在项目期间，该团队更是与城市官员、社区领袖和利益相关者建立了牢固的关系。

▲场地平面图/城市背景：圣彼得码头是城市身份和形象不可或缺的一部分。它是为弹性、公平、教育和快乐而设计的重要城市基础设施，Site Plan / Urban Context: St. Pete Pier is integral to the identity and image of the city. It is urban infrastructure, designed for resiliency, equity, education, and delight © Ken Smith Workshop

▲重建前后的场地：旧码头以车辆为导向，而新码头则以行人为导向，具有多种用途、充满特色和景观节点，Site, Before and After Redevelopment: The old pier was vehicular oriented, while the new pier is pedestrianized with multiple uses, features and attractions © Google Earth

▲鸟瞰：码头占地12英亩，全长1380英尺，是一个以当地人们的福祉和丰富活动为基础的活动中心，Bird’s Eye View: The 12-acre Pier is an armature of local and destination-based programming. It is a hub for activity all along its 1,380-foot length © Rich Montalbano / RiMO

▲鸟瞰：码头是一个包容性的公共空间，为游客和当地人提供了丰富的小型灵活项目和体验，Bird’s Eye View: The Pier is an inclusive public space, it is a platform for multiple small and flexible programs and experiences for both tourists and the locals © Rich Montalbano / RiMO

▲海岸灌木丛/海滩台阶景观：宽敞的台阶将码头与天然沙滩与大海连接起来，Coastal Thicket / Beach Steps View: Generous steps connect the pier to Spa Beach with its natural sand and access to the water © Barrett Doherty

▲码头广场景观：宽敞的中央广场以互动水景、倾斜草坪、文化树林和沿海灌木丛为特色，Pier Plaza View: A generous central plaza features an interactive water feature, a tilted lawn, cultural grove, and coastal thicket © Rich Montalbano / RiMO

▲喷水装置/市民喷泉：场地中心的喷泉也是儿童喜爱的游乐场所，Water Spray / Civic Fountain: The water spray feature is both a child’s play area and a civic fountain at the center of the site © Barrett Doherty

▲倾斜的草坪景观：向上倾斜的建筑结构表面被郁郁葱葱的草地覆盖，形成了望向码头和海湾的观景平台，同时也是码头最受欢迎的目的地之一，Tilted Lawn View: A popular destination, the turf-grass planted structure slants upward, forming a viewing platform for the pierhead and bay beyond © Rich Montalbano / RiMO

▲倾斜草坪和广场景观：倾斜的观景平台为人们带来了与地面视角完全不同的体验，Tilted Lawn and Plaza View: The tilted form transforms a fundamentally horizontal experience © Barrett Doherty

▲水上中心：水上中心为人们提供了与沿海高地和敏感的海洋栖息地的近距离体验，设有教室实验室和亲水露台，Aquatic Center: The aquatic center offers a close-up experience of critical coastal upland and sensitive marine habitats with classroom lab and a terraced “get down” © Rich Montalbano / RiMO

▲海岸灌木丛：游客们被邀请沿着符合ADA标准的木板路漫步到码头尽头，在茂盛植被的阴凉之下欣赏海岸线的美，Coastal Thicket: Visitors are invited to stroll to the Pier head down an ADA-compliant boardwalk under a shady canopy of native coastal vegetation. © Rich Montalbano / RiMO

▲海岸灌木丛：木板路提供了沉浸式的沿海原生景观体验，让人们进一步领略到了独特的自然美景和生态意义，Coastal Thicket: Boardwalks provide an immersive experience into coastal native landscape providing a unique experience of natural beauty and ecological significance © Barrett Doherty

▲海岸灌木丛：海岸灌木丛是对佛罗里达中部海岸原生环境的诠释，包括沙丘、红树林沼泽、盐沼和河口，Coastal Thicket: The Coastal Thicket is an interpretation of Central Florida’s coastal native environment of dunes, mangrove swamps, salt marshes and estuaries © Rich Montalbano / RiMO

▲从码头尽头看：沿着整个码头的长度，本地植物创造出了景观的连续性、遮荫空间，和环境连通性，View From Pier Head: Native plantings provide spaces of landscape continuity, shade, and environmental connectivity along the entire length of the pier © Rich Montalbano / RiMO

▲温泉海滩：由原生石灰石制成的新防波堤/礁石结构，抑制了海浪对海岸线的侵蚀，促成了自然沙滩的形成，Spa Beach: A new breakwater/reef structure of native lime rock dampens the erosional effects of on-shore wave action allowing natural formation of a sand beach © Rich Montalbano / RiMO

PROJECT NARRATIVE

The St. Pete Pier has been integral to the identity and image of St Petersburg, Florida, since its earliest iteration in the late nineteenth century. The current 26-acre Pier District redevelopment is composed of two projects, the 12-acre St. Pete Pier, commissioned in 2014, and the subsequent 14-acre Pier Approach, commissioned in 2016. The two project areas were developed collaboratively between two design teams and the city. This award submission is for the 12-acre St Pete Pier.

The new pier represents the future of urban infrastructure. It is a highly integrated work of landscape, architecture and urbanism. The project encompasses economic development, urban resilience, environmental awareness, social equity, public access and recreation. From its conception, the new Pier was designed as a collection of open space uses and diverse experiences. The design emphasizes connections to existing historic waterfront parks and the downtown community. The Pier District has been conceived as a multi-modal area with a pedestrian-oriented emphasis that connects to the daily life of downtown St. Petersburg, tying into transportation and recreation systems including bike paths, jogging trails, parking, and public transit. As the focal point of the district, the new 12-acre Pier provides an armature of local and destination-based programming. It is a hub for activity, not only at the pierhead, but all along its 1,380-foot length. The Pier is also an investment in the city’s ability to recover from rising sea levels and increasingly major storm surges with new infrastructure, including stormwater features that minimize flooding impacts and ensure protection from 100-year storms and Category 4 hurricanes.

The project design was the winning selection of a 2014 international competition organized by the City of St Petersburg for the redesign and replacement of the old pier. The multi-stage competition was overseen by a pier selection committee representing a broad range of community interests, with public input at each stage. The winning design emphasized goals reflecting the city’s history and ecology with the mandate to preserve the waterfront and make it publicly accessible. The new pier is a destination that embraces its role as both an icon for the City of St. Petersburg and an integral part of the urban vitality and downtown life. The design emphasizes the magic of being in, on and above the water, extending the urban fabric and offering extraordinary year-round programming.

The design hewed to a palette and vocabulary that references Florida’s regional modernism, characterized by understated design and simple, rugged materials: concrete, metal, wood, and native plantings. The pier and new structures provide shade, cover and comfort with generous, overhanging roofs that integrate seamlessly with the built landscape. The design also draws on coastal native typologies of dunes, Mangroves and estuaries to create a cohesive contemporary interpretation of the regional landscape.

Over the course of the five-year project, the entire design team was actively involved, with frequent site visits and community outreach. The team immersed itself in local culture, history, and environment, gaining insights that influenced the ultimate project design. The team developed strong relationships with city officials, community leaders and stakeholders over the course of the project period.

Project Credits

Rogers Partners Architects, Architects and Urban Designers

ASD/SKY, Architects

Booth Design Group, Local Landscape Architect

Stantec, Civil Engineer

Skanska, General Contractor

Brightview, Landscape Construction

City of St. Petersburg, FL, Owner and Client