项目背景

Project Background

该项目位于韩国首尔市汉江边著名的纛岛汉江公园里，是 2024 首尔国际花园展中的一个半永久性展园。花园占地面积 140㎡，造价被控制在 7000 万韩元。

This project is in the famous Ttukseom Hangang Park beside the Han River in Seoul, South Korea. It is a semi-permanent exhibition garden for the 2024 Seoul International Garden Show. The garden covers an area of 140 square meters, and the cost is 70 million won.

▼竹构，bamboo structure© 沈实现工作室

汉江公园建于上世纪 90 年代，很多基础设施已经破败，首尔市政府希望通过花园展来有机更新这个公园，让首尔市民以多种方式享受“新汉江风景”，并成为首尔花园城市的重要组成部分。

Tukseom Hangang Park was built in the 1990s, and many infrastructures are dilapidated. The Seoul Metropolitan Government hopes to organically renew the park through the garden show, allowing Seoul citizens to enjoy “a new Hangang River scenery” in various ways and making it an important component of the Seoul Garden City.

▼花丛中的竹构，bamboo structurein the flowers© 沈实现工作室

本次花园展的主题之一是“全体花园”，一个“适合所有年龄段”的展览花园，包括儿童、年轻人、上班族、家庭主妇和老年人。同时，它还要求展览花园是“地球上所有生命的花园”，即使是一丛草或一只蝴蝶也能找到它的家。

One of the themes of the garden show is “Garden for All”, an exhibition garden “suitable for all ages”, from children, young adults,workers, housewives to the elderly. At the same time, it also requires that the exhibition garden be “a garden for all life on the earth”, where even a single clump of grass or a butterfly can find its home.

▼如同黏菌菌丝的竹构，bamboo structure like slime mold mycelium © 沈实现工作室

设计目标 Design Goals

韩国之所以能从战争的废墟中迅速繁荣起来，离不开英国学者哈耶克所倡导的自由经济市场，我们希望这个花园的设计能体现出韩国在自由经济市场中自主发展、茁壮成长的历程。

▼概念草图，sktech© 沈实现工作室

The reason why South Korea has been able to prosper rapidly from the ruins of the war is inseparable from the free economic market advocated by the British scholar Hayek. We hope that the design of this garden can reflect South Korea’s independent development and growth process in the free economic market.

▼竹构上安装了彩色的有机玻璃，colored plexiglass is installed on the bamboo structure © 沈实现工作室

所以花园被命名为“生物自组织花园”，我们借鉴黏菌自我生长的自然现象，希望设计一个像黏菌一样随机生长和组织的花园。花园的结构和形态是随机的，充满各种可能性，也寓意人生充满各种可能性，每个人都可以做梦，这个梦也都可能实现。

Therefore, the garden is named “Biological Self-Organizing Garden”. We draw on the natural phenomenon of self-growth of slime molds and hope to design a garden that grows and organizes randomly like slime molds. The structure and shape of the garden are random and full of possibilities, which also means that life is full of possibilities, everyone can dream, and this dream can also come true.

▼随机生长和组织的花园，a garden that grows and organizes randomly© 沈实现工作室

设计策略 Design Strategies

结合哈耶克的“自发秩序”和雷诺兹的“代理模型”理论，将黏菌算法应用于景观推演。花园里的路网和构筑物都是通过大数据模拟黏菌的生长轨迹而自动生成的。

▼概念分析，concept diagram© 沈实现工作室

Combining Hayek’s “spontaneous order” and Reynolds’s “agent model” theory, the slime mold algorithm is applied to the landscape deduction of the garden. The road network and structures in the garden are automatically generated by simulating the growth trajectory of slime mold using big data.

▼夜景，night view© 沈实现工作室

在植物选择上，我们以蜜源植物为首选，如鼠尾草、大花葱、羽扇豆、蝇子草、佩兰、蓍草等吸引昆虫的多年生花卉植物，并模拟自然界群落的规律进行种植。地被划分为基底层、结构层和漂浮层，基底层包括鼠尾草、药水苏、美丽月见草、屈曲花等，结构层则选用了大花葱、烟树、滨菊等，地榆、细茎针茅、芒颖大麦草等在春天充当了漂浮层的角色，等到初夏，蓝刺头、刺芹等植物进入花果期，漂浮层的角色则被替代。芒颖大麦草、东方狼尾草、细茎针茅等观赏草穿插在几个点位，补足了秋冬季的观赏效果。整个场地品种约 30 种植物，大部分都是花卉植物，少量的芒草的运用可以使整个花园的氛围更加轻盈与温馨。

In terms of plant selection, we use nectar plants as our first choices, such as Salvia, Allium giganteum, Lupinus micranthus Guss., Silene gallica L., Eupatorium fortunei ‘Pink Frost’, Achillea ptarmica and other perennial flower plants that attract insects, and plant them to simulate the laws of natural communities. The ground cover is divided into a basal layer, a structural layer and a floating layer. The basal layer includes Salvia, Stachys officinalis ‘Summer Sweets’, Oenothera speciosa, Iberis amara, etc. The structural layer uses Allium giganteum, Cotinus coggygria Scop., Leucanthemum superbum, etc. In spring, Sanguisorba officinalis, Stipa tenuissima, Hordeum jubatum and so forth act as the floating layer. In early summer, plants such as Echinops ritro and Eryngium alpinum enter the flowering and fruiting stage, and the role of floating layer is replaced. Ornamental grasses such as Hordeum jubatum, Pennisetum orientale, and Stipa tenuissima are interspersed at several points to complement the ornamental effect in autumn and winter. There are about 30 kinds of plants in the entire site, most of which are flower plants, and the use of a small amount of ornamental grasses can make the atmosphere of the entire garden lighter and warmer.

▼入口处的竹制风铃，bamboo wind chimes at the entrance © 沈实现工作室

▼竹制座凳，bamboo bench© 沈实现工作室

花园中有三个较大的竹构，就像从地下随机长出来的大型黏菌，竹构上悬挂毛茸茸的竹丝和空气凤梨，就像黏菌的菌丝，竹构上还安装了彩色的有机玻璃，随着太阳角度的不同，在空气凤梨和地面上随机洒下不同形状不同色彩的光斑，营造出神秘的氛围。

There are three large bamboo structures in the garden, which look like large slime molds that randomly grow out of the ground. Furry bamboo filaments and Air plants are hung on the bamboo structures, like the mycelium of slime molds. Colorful plexiglass is also installed on the bamboo structures. With the different angles of the sun, light spots of different shapes and colors are randomly sprinkled on the air plants and the ground, creating a mysterious atmosphere.

▼花园中的朽木，rotten logs in the garden© 沈实现工作室

我们还在花园里放置了一些朽木，它们和竹子都成为昆虫的栖息地和各种菌菇生长的地方，植物、真菌和昆虫形成自然循环，各种生物自由发展和生长。

We also placed some rotten logs in the garden. They and bamboo have become a habitat for insects and a place for various mushrooms to grow. Plants, fungi, and insects form a natural cycle, and various organisms can develop and grow freely.

▼花园中的朽木，rotten logs in the garden© 沈实现工作室

施工过程 Construction process 这个项目是中韩两国的施工公司共同完成的，我们在中国浙江的竹乡安吉搭建了等大的竹构，然后把每一个部分都进行编号，接着把它们拆解了再运到首尔来，然后在首尔现场进行重新组装，这是一项非常艰巨的任务，但最终，它成功完成了。

This project was collaboratively completed by construction companies from China and South Korea. We built equal-sized bamboo structures in Anji, a bamboo town in Zhejiang, China, and then numbered each part, then disassembled them and transported them to Seoul, and then reassembled on site. It was a very difficult task, but in the end, it was successfully completed.

▼细部，close-up© 沈实现工作室

在这个花园中，我们探索了大数据算法在设计中的应用，在自由选择和人工干预之间寻找一种平衡 ，也探索了在设计师统筹之下两个施工单位异国合作的可能性。最终花园较为完美地呈现在首尔市民面前，获得银奖，并被韩国媒体誉为“2024 首尔国际花园展上最奇特的花园，传统材料与现代工艺相结合，以其独特的视觉效果吸引着游客的眼球。”

In this garden, we explored the application of big data algorithms in design, sought a balance between free choice and manual intervention, and also explored the possibility of collaboration between two construction groups in different countries under the coordination of the designer. In the end, the garden was perfectly presented to the citizens of Seoul and won the Silver Prize, and was praised by the Korean media as “the most peculiar garden at the 2024 Seoul International Garden Show. The combination of traditional materials and modern craftsmanship attracts the attention of tourists with its unique visual effects.”

▼一瞥，a glimpse© 沈实现工作室

▼总平面图，site plan© 沈实现工作室

▼平面图，plan© 沈实现工作室

▼竹构立面图，elevations© 沈实现工作室

▼竹构立面图与火山细孔板平面细节图，elevations and volcanic fine pore plate detail drawing© 沈实现工作室

项目名称：2024 首尔国际花园展——生物自组织花园

项目类型：景观设计

设计方：中国美术学院/中国美术学院风景建筑设计研究总院有限公司/沈实现工作室

项目设计：2023 年

完成年份：2024 年

技术顾问：夏宜平、吴小成

设计团队：沈实现、何洋、李瑞、童玲、方芳、俞钦濛、杨一铭、陈竤喨、刘慧媛、杨征宇、晋亚日、王志强、翁圣钧、张亚珍、郑露鸣、胡海州

施工团队：MY LANDSCAPE Co.Ltd

竹构施工单位：安吉竹境竹业科技有限公司

项目地址：韩国首尔市

景观面积：140㎡

摄影版权：沈实现工作室

客户：首尔市政府

材料：木屑铺装；竹构；软木颗粒铺装

品牌：Hansung LM；安吉竹境竹业科技有限公司；FC KOREA LAND Co., LTD.

Project name: Seoul International Garden Show 2024——Biological Self-organizing Garden

Project type: Landscape Design

Design: China Academy of Art/The Design Institute of Landscape & Architecture China Academy of Art Co.,Ltd./S & H Studio

Design year:2023

Completion Year:2024

Technical Consultant: Yiping Xia, Xiaocheng Wu

Leader designer & Team:Shixian Shen, Yang He, Rui Li, Ling Tong, Fang Fang, Qinmeng Yu, Yiming Yang, Hongliang Chen, Huiyuan Liu, Zhengyu Yang, Yari Jin, Zhiqiang Wang, Shengjun Weng, Yazhen Zhang, Luming Zheng, Haizhou Hu

Construction team: MY LANDSCAPE Co.Ltd

Bamboo Structure Company: Anji Zhujing Bamboo Industry Technology Co.,Ltd

Project location:Seoul, South Korea

Landscape area: 140㎡

Photo credit: S & H Studio

Clients:Seoul Metropolitan Government

Materials:Wood Chips;Bamboo Structures;Cork Particle Pavement

Brands:Hansung LM；Anji Zhujing Bamboo Industry Technology Co.,Ltd.；FC KOREA LAND Co., LTD.