鲁汶绿化战略规划丨比利时丨Felixx,Witteveen+Bos

Felixx与Witteveen+Bos合作，为比利时鲁汶市制定了绿化战略规划（Strategic Green Plan）。该计划是一项重要工具，旨在未来几年内让城市更加绿色、更健康、更具气候适应性。本月，这一绿化规划已获得市议会和市政执行委员会的一致批准。

Felixx, in collaboration with Witteveen+Bos, has developed the Strategic Green Plan for the city of Leuven, in Belgium. This plan serves as a powerful tool to make the city greener, healthier, and more climate-resilient in the coming years. The Green Plan was unanimously approved this month by both the city council and the municipal executive board.

▼鲁汶绿化战略规划总图，Groenplan Leuven Total vision ©Felixx

迪莱河旁的鲁汶

Leuven by the Dijle

鲁汶正面临多重挑战：随着人口增长和气候变化的加剧，城市的有限空间承受着越来越大的压力。然而，鲁汶独特的自然地貌为绿色、可持续的未来奠定了坚实基础。这座城市拥有丰富的自然资源，包括迪莱河及其支流、周边的丘陵和高原。战略绿化计划的核心在于打造一个高质量的绿色—蓝色网络，以实现这些自然结构的连贯性和连续性。这些要素对于维持城市的宜居性至关重要，同时也为鲁汶的发展提供了生态、经济和社会方面的多重机遇。

▼鲁汶历史地图，Carte de Flandres ©César-François Cassini de Thury

Leuven faces significant challenges: a growing population and the impacts of climate change are putting increasing pressure on the city’s available space. At the same time, Leuven’s unique landscape offers a strong foundation for a green and resilient future. The city is rich in natural features, including the Dijle River and its tributaries, the surrounding hills and plateaus. The Green Plan focuses on creating a high-quality green-blue network, ensuring cohesion and continuity in these structures. These elements are vital for maintaining the city’s livability and offer ecological, economic, and social opportunities for Leuven’s development.

▼迪莱河旁的鲁汶，Leuven along the river Dijle ©Vasily Malygin on Unsplash

基于自然的解决方案

Nature-Based Solutions

绿化规划将详尽的分析、远景规划和空间政策相结合，构建了一个坚实的绿色—蓝色网络。基于自然的解决方案（NBS）是规划的核心理念：通过利用自然原理的设计和措施，为城市的可持续发展与气候适应性提供解决方案。借助NBS这一指导原则，鲁汶将从一座与自然对抗的城市转变为一座与自然和谐共生的城市。街道、广场和公园被整合到一个连贯的城市景观中，与周边绿地无缝连接，串联起建筑空间与开放空间。通过将城市发展目标与自然价值相融合，这一景观框架不仅增强了鲁汶的气候适应能力，也强化了城市的独特身份。

The Green Plan combines analysis, vision, and spatial policy to create a robust green-blue network. Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) are central to this approach: designs and measures that utilize natural principles to shape cities sustainably and resiliently. By adopting NBS as a guiding principle, Leuven can transform into a city that lives in harmony with nature, rather than one that must defend against it. Streets, squares, and parks are integrated into a cohesive urban landscape that seamlessly connects to surrounding green areas and bridges built and open spaces. The landscape framework blends urban ambitions with natural values, enhancing both the city’s climate resilience and its unique identity.

▼基于自然的解决方案，Nature based solutions ©Felixx

生态系统服务

Ecosystem Services

为凸显绿色空间的价值，绿化规划引入了生态系统服务的概念。自然系统提供的服务，如空气净化、水资源管理和休闲活动，展现了其对人类和社会福祉的重要贡献。通过这种方式，绿化规划将健康、交通、文化遗产和生态等城市目标战略性地融入绿色议程中。生态系统服务框架还为城市提供了明确的指导，帮助找到多重功能的智慧结合点并做出科学决策。例如，在市中心，绿化重点是降温和休闲；而在外围地区，则更注重食品生产、自然保护和水资源管理。这种分区规划确保了每个城市区域的绿色空间能够量身定制，精准应对具体的需求与挑战。

To highlight the value of green spaces, the Green Plan employs the concept of ‘Ecosystem Services’. Services such as air purification, water management, and recreation demonstrate how natural systems contribute to the well-being of both people and society. This approach strategically integrates urban objectives—such as health, mobility, heritage, and ecology—into the green agenda. The ecosystem services framework also provides concrete guidance for finding smart combinations and making well-informed decisions. For example, in the city center, the focus is on cooling and recreation, while in peripheral areas, greater emphasis is placed on food production, nature development, and water management. This ensures that green spaces are tailored to the specific challenges and needs of each part of the city.

▼生态系统服务，Ecosystem services ©Felixx

▼针对气候危机的调节服务，Regulating services in relation to Climate risks ©Felixx

▼从气候风险角度规范绿色服务，Regulating green services in relation to Climate risks ©Felixx

▼历史和休闲景观中的文化服务，Culturale service in a historic and recreational landscape ©Felixx

▼与气候风险有关的绿色生产，Productive Green in relation to Climate risks ©Felixx

四大自然城市景观

Four Natural Urban Landscapes

绿化规划的目标是创建一个具有丰富生物多样性和高效生态系统服务的城市景观。为此，鲁汶被划分为四个自然城市景观区域：市中心、北部低地、南部高原和丘陵地带。每个区域的具体挑战、所需的生态系统服务以及可能的解决方案均已明确规划。其中，迪莱河谷作为绿色脊柱，连接了城市的各个区域，加强了生态连通性，降低了洪水风险，并提供了宝贵的休闲空间。

The Green Plan aims to create an urban landscape that functions as an ecosystem with rich biodiversity and optimal ecosystem services. To achieve this, Leuven is divided into four natural urban landscapes: the City Center, the Northern Lowlands, the Southern Plateau, and the Hill Country. For each of these areas, specific challenges, desired ecosystem services, and possible solutions have been identified. The Dijle Valley plays a key role as a green backbone connecting the city’s various districts. The valley enhances ecological cohesion, reduces flood risks, and provides valuable recreational space.

▼四大自然城市景观，Four Natural City landscapes ©Felixx

▼市中心历史城区，Historical city ©Felixx

▼北部低地，Rugged Landscape©Felixx

▼南部高原，Southern Plateau ©Felixx

▼丘陵地带，Southern Plateau ©Felixx

面向未来的雄心愿景

An Ambitious Mission for the Future

鲁汶致力于成为欧洲“2030年实现100座气候中立与智慧城市”使命中的绿色创新典范。绿化规划是在广泛参与的基础上制定的，多个利益相关方共同协作，形成了一份具有广泛支持的远景规划。该规划将气候挑战与城市发展议题紧密结合，为实现“欧洲气候契约—鲁汶2030”的雄心目标提供了关键支持。

Leuven positions itself as an innovative and green city within the European mission ‘100 Climate-Neutral and Smart Cities by 2030’. The Green Plan is the result of an intensive participatory process, where various stakeholders collaborated on a widely supported vision. The plan connects the climate challenge with urban agendas and serves as a crucial tool to achieve the ambitious goals of the European Climate Contract Leuven 2030.

▼迪莱河谷，Dijle valley ©Felixx

Year: 2023 – 2024

Location: Leuven, Belgium

Type: Masterplan, Strategic vision, Strategic policies

Client: City of Leuven

Size: 5751 ha

Team & Partners: Felixx, Witteveen+Bos