三岔路住宅丨美国加利福尼亚丨Surfacedesign,Inc.

Trinity Road｜Surfacedesign, Inc.

项目陈述

PROJECT STATEMENT

三岔路住宅的故事始于五年前，从根本上讲，它是一个关于周围森林的火灾恢复能力和继承的故事。当两场野火肆虐场地周围的山丘时，花园的设计和项目已经完成了。火灾后，景观设计团队加入进来，为场地重新描绘了一个梦幻般的愿景，将原有的植物和一系列新的路径和花园结合在一起。设计师观察了火灾后首先自然生长的本地物种，并借鉴这些植物来培育更具弹性的景观，为花园融入了森林的新特征。

The story of Trinity Road unfolded over the past five years and is fundamentally a story of fire resilience and succession of the surrounding forest. The garden was designed and the project considered completed when two wildfires ravaged the hills immediately surrounding the site. After the fires the landscape design team was brought in to create a new vision for the site that knit together the original planting and a new series of paths and gardens. The designers observed the native species that were first to grow in naturally after the fires and borrowed from their observations to cultivate a landscape that is more resilient. The finished garden incorporates the new character of a forest in transformation.

▲丘陵和山谷：项目坐落于索诺玛县森林覆盖的丘陵和山谷之上，HILLS AND VALLEYS: The site is perched above the forested hills and valleys of Sonoma county © Marion Brenner

项目说明

PROJECT NARRATIVE

该项目坐落于一段三岔路的顶端，俯瞰着索诺玛县（Sonoma county）森林覆盖的丘陵和山谷。项目的过程分为两个阶段，展示出了一个关于韧性的故事。在第一阶段，设计团队选址，并由建筑师新建了三间客房，形成了山顶现有主屋向下的延伸。此外，设计团队还对倾斜景观进行了退坡和梯田处理，创造了更多的可用区域，并在主屋和客房之间增添了一座游泳池。客房的彩色混凝土墙借鉴了山坡上的原生岩石的色彩，并引入了草、野花和石兰科常绿灌木，以融入周围的景观。

项目所在的场地在2017年遭受了野火的破坏，原有主屋的木框架以及木制覆盖结构遭到了破坏。在火灾期间，混凝土墙起到了防火屏障的作用，保护了大部分财产。在项目的第二阶段，建筑师使用与第一阶段中的客房相同的混凝土结构方法重建了主屋。由于有混凝土防火屏障，房屋在火灾中只受到最小程度的破坏。大部分景观则在火灾中幸存下来，

大火过后，山体完全暴露在外，没有了树木保护，突显得场地上的风很大，而且有回声。入侵植物已经开始占领部分地区。设计师根据他们对森林再生的观察来调整场地中的景观种植，模仿景观变化的特征。景观干预措施包括：消除入侵的金合欢，用当地的橡树和柳叶石楠取而代之。他们带回了在这个地方自然生长的杨梅和曼扎尼塔，以及不需要很多浇灌的植物，这些植物为当地的鸟类和昆虫创造了自然栖息地。当地的草和野花通过水力播种的方式重新出现在住宅周围，这种技术有助于让植物在暴露阳光和风中的区域生根，并有助于控制暴露地点的风化侵蚀。

新景观是堪称是山的恢复力的赞颂，这里为居住者提供了反思的空间，并随着场地中植物的生长，愈发融入周围的自然景观。新花园空间的种植选择侧重于本地和适应物种，这些植物非常耐旱，并为当地野生动物昆虫提供了栖息地。

▲巨石长凳：一座当地磨制的巨石长凳隐藏在视线中，BOULDER BENCH: A custom milled locally sourced boulder bench hides in plain sight. © Marion Brenner

▲反射：池水倒映着周围翠绿的橄榄树，以及如戏剧般的落日天空，REFLECTION: The pool reflects the olive trees and dramatic sky at sunset. © Marion Brenner

▲入口轴线：一条由石头铺制的轴线从前门穿过房子，一直延伸到后花园和周围的景观中，ENTRY AXIS: A stone band axis runs through the house from the front entry to the back garden and surrounding landscape. © Marion Brenner

▲火灾时间线：两场野火摧毁了项目所在地周围的森林山丘，WILDFIRE TIMELINE: Two wildfires ravaged the forrested hills immediately surrounding the project site. © Photos: Marion Brenner ; Surfacedesign, Inc.

▲火灾之后：场地的新愿景将原始植物和一系列新的路径和花园结合在一起，AFTER THE FIRES: A new vision for the site knits together the original plantings and a new series of paths and gardens. © Surfacedesign, Inc ; Photo: Marion Brenner

▲日光：茂盛的青草在风中摇曳，带来了动态的感觉，并将日光反射到周围橄榄树和杨梅树下的植被上，DAYGLOW: Grasses create a sense of movement and reflect light as the understory to olive and arbutus trees. © Marion Brenner

▲防火屏障：混凝土墙在形成防火屏障的同时也起到了挡土墙的作用，FIRE BREAK: Concrete retaining walls hold grade while creating a fire break. © Marion Brenner

▲总平面图，SITE PLAN © Surfacedesign, Inc.

▲栖地：泳池庭院和露台作为中央聚会空间，缓解了主屋和下方客房之间的等级差异，PERCH: The pool patio and terraces act as a central gathering space and mitigate grades between the main house and the guest houses below. © Marion Brenner

PROJECT NARRATIVE

The property sits at the top of Trinity Road, above the forested hills and valleys of Sonoma county. The project unfolded in two phases and is fundamentally a story of resilience. During the first phase, the design team sited three guest houses designed by the architects, downhill from the existing main house on the top of the mountain. They regraded and terraced the sloping landscape to create more usable area and designed a pool in between the main and guest houses. Integral color concrete walls borrowed from the native rock color palette of the hillside and grasses, wildflowers and manzanitas were introduced to blend into the surrounding landscape.

The property was ravaged by wildfires in 2017 and the preexisting main house—which was a wood frame, wood clad structure—was damaged. During the fires, the concrete walls that were holding grade acted as a fire break and protected much of the property. During the second phase of the project, the architects rebuilt the main house using the same concrete structural approach that they had taken to the guest houses in phase 1, which were only minimally damaged during the fires. Most of the landscape survived the fire, but the design was revisited to knit into the broader site.

The mountain had been left completely exposed after the fire; the site became very windy and echoey. Opportunistic invasive plants had started to take over parts of the site. The designers were able to adapt the planting palette according to their observations of the forest regrowth, modeled after the character of a landscape in transformation. The landscape design team’s intervention included abatement measures to remove invasive acacias and replace them with native oaks and toyon. They brought back the Arbutus and Manzanitas that had been naturally growing on the site and plants that don’t require a lot of water and that create natural habitats for native birds and insects. Native grasses and wildflowers were planted around the property by hydroseeding, a technique that facilitates rooting in areas exposed to the sun and wind and that helped with erosion control for the exposed site.

The new landscape is a celebration of the resilience of the mountain; a space of reflection that borrows views of the surrounding landscape as it evolves. New garden spaces focus on native and adapted species that require low water while facilitating habitat.

Project Credits

Roderick Wyllie, FASLA, Partner

Michal Kapitulnik, ASLA, Principal

Penelope Leggett, Associate

Mork-Ulnes Architects, Architect

The Office of Charles De Lisle, Interior Design