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PROJECT STATEMENT
位于南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿的国际非裔美国人博物馆(IAAM)的非洲祖先纪念花园是一项和解行动,也是对非洲侨民丰富而深刻的历史的重要证明。这个神圣的空间巧妙地融合了生态、艺术和历史,创造出了一种基于事实的空间叙事,堪称民族和解的第一步。博物馆和花园位于Gadsden码头,近一半被带到北美的非洲奴隶都是于此登岸的。花园的设计平衡了在特定时刻追求真理的必要性,同时让人们认识到奴隶制是非洲侨民漫长旅程中的一个不可遗忘的时刻。
The African Ancestors Memorial Garden at the International African American Museum (IAAM) in Charleston, SC, is an act of reconciliation and a significant testament to the African Diaspora’s rich and profound history. This sacred space masterfully blends ecology, art, and history, offering a truth-based narrative that acts as an initial step towards reconciliation. The museum and gardens are situated at Gadsden’s Wharf which served as the entry point for nearly half of the enslaved Africans brought to North America. The design of the gardens balances the necessity for truth in a specific moment in time while recognizing slavery as a moment in time along a much longer journey of the African diaspora.
▲Gadsden码头和潮汐致敬喷泉:位于历史悠久的Gadsden码头,博物馆标志着近一半被带到北美的非洲奴隶的关键入口,Gadsden’s Wharf and the Tide Tribute Fountain: Situated at historic Gadsden’s Wharf, the museum marks a pivotal entry point for nearly half of enslaved Africans brought to North America © Fernando Guerra
项目说明
PROJECT NARRATIVE
国际非裔美国人博物馆(IAAM)的非洲祖先纪念花园,彰显出意义深远的文化和历史价值。这个纪念花园位于南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿的Gadsden码头,占地2.5英亩,专门用于纪念和悼念那些在跨大西洋奴隶贸易中受苦的非洲祖先。这个历史悠久的遗址充满了令人心酸的回忆,记载了那些被强行带到美洲的人们所经历的艰辛和他们不屈的坚韧精神。
该项目于2016年1月启动,其特点是多方的合作和密集的调查过程,项目涉及了广泛的利益相关者,从当地艺术家和历史学家到市长和博物馆领导均参与其中。这种合作是确保设计与社区的历史和文化背景产生深刻共鸣的基础。这些讨论和实地考察有助于将纪念碑无缝地融入景观中,设计旨在呈现场地的神圣性质,同时营造出反思和对话的空间。
花园的设计灵感来自当地的低地景观以及居住于此的非洲侨民,宁静的花园环境引起了人们的沉思。项目以一系列的子花园为特色,每个子花园都通过艺术、工艺和劳动来致敬非裔美国人的贡献。设计的中心是潮汐致敬喷泉(Tide Tribute fountain),这是一个广阔的水景,象征着大西洋的航行,代表着被奴役的非洲人所忍受的危险旅程。这种动态的水景揭示和隐藏了水面下的人物形象,反映了航行者的可见性和匿名性。
材料和安装方法都经过精心选择,具有耐久性、相关性和传达预期叙事的能力。闪闪发光的不锈钢、抛光的花岗岩和砖铺地,不仅反映了场地的历史意义,也保证了纪念碑的生命周期。这些材料具有多种象征意义,除了纪念Gadsden码头外,还标记出了囚禁奴隶的旧仓库的位置。
在整个设计和施工阶段,环境的可持续性和对生态影响的最小化是至关重要的。项目团队采用可持续的景观美化技术,努力保护遗址的考古完整性,确保纪念碑的存在增强而不是削弱了当地的低地景观。
与客户、社区和其他设计师的合作是这个项目的基石,体现了包容且尊重的设计实践模式。通过持续的对话和参与,团队确保了花园不仅符合博物馆的愿景,而且尊重了非洲侨民的记忆和遗产。
非洲祖先纪念花园证明了记忆的力量和承认民族集体历史的重要性。它邀请游客在深刻的人文层面上与过去联系起来,促进对非洲侨民遗产的更好理解和尊重。通过其深思熟虑的设计和装置,花园作为一个教育、反思和治疗的空间,创造出了一种深刻的体验,与所有来访者产生强烈的共鸣。
▲位于南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿的国际非裔美国人博物馆(IAAM)坐落在Gadsden码头的神圣土地上,The International African American Museum (IAAM) in Charleston, SC, sits on hallowed ground at Gadsden’s Wharf © Mike Habat Photography
▲非洲祖先纪念花园:博物馆架空于这片神圣的土地上,下面是非洲祖先纪念花园,架空的形式模糊了边界,邀请人们在蜿蜒的木板路上探索,African Ancestors Memorial Gardens: The museum on risen, sacred ground features African Ancestors Memorial Garden below, blurring boundaries, invites exploration on meandering boardwalks. © Sahar Coston-Hardy / Esto
▲石柱在石碑花园中投下光影:石碑花园的玄武岩石柱与前人留下的不朽遗产产生共鸣,邀请游客在其中漫步,Stone columns catch and cast shadows in the Stele Garden: The Stele Garden, with its basalt columns, resonates with the enduring legacy of those who preceded us, inviting visitors to wander amongst them. © Fernando Guerra
▲伫立于Gadsden码头的纪念墙:这堵起伏的墙参考了被奴役的非洲人在弗吉尼亚大学和Middleton广场建造的坚固、弯曲的砖墙结构,Standing at Gadsden’s Wharf: This undulating wall is a reference to the robust, curved brick structures built by enslaved Africans at UVA and Middleton Place © Fernando Guerra
▲潮汐致敬喷泉中的人物形象:随着水在喷泉中退去,基于布Brooks地图的人物形象也逐渐浮现出来,Tide Tribute Fountain Figures: As the water recedes in the fountain figures, based on the Brooks Map, are revealed © Sahar Coston-Hardy / Esto
▲建筑漂浮于伫立于场地的棕榈树林之上:这些棕榈树原产于西非,象征着无数灵魂所忍受的横跨大西洋的痛苦旅程,The Palm Grove stands ground as the building hovers above: These palms, native to West Africa, symbolize the harrowing journey across the Atlantic endured by countless souls. © Fernando Guerra
▲甜草田:甜草编篮是历史悠久的非裔美国人传统的组成部分,这是一种由被奴役的非洲人引入美国的艺术形式,The Sweetgrass Field: Sweetgrass is integral to the time-honored African American tradition of basket weaving, an art form introduced to the U.S. by enslaved Africans © Fernando Guerra
▲地面和天空在东方地平线交汇:当水充满喷泉时,天空倒影在其中,将那些消失在天堂中的身影投射到天空中,Ground and Heavens converge at the east horizon: As the water fills the fountain the figures are reflected into the sky casting those lost to the heavens. © Fernando Guerra
▲花园之间的休憩反思之地:这个神圣的空间融合了自然、艺术和历史,创造了一种基于事实的空间叙事,成为了一种南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿民族文化和解的形式,Amongst the gardens a place to sit and reflect: This sacred space blends nature, art, and history, offering a truth-based narrative that acts as a form of reconciliation in Charleston, SC. © Fernando Guerra
▲潮汐致敬喷泉:潮汐致敬喷泉上的步道,象征了大西洋上运送被奴役的非洲人的航线,The Tide Tribute Fountain: The Tide Tribute fountain includes a path across referencing the Atlantic Passage © Sahar Coston-Hardy / Esto
▲穿越之路:非洲祖先纪念花园具有深刻的民族和解意义,它创造了一个拥抱和分享过去真相的空间,The path across: The African Ancestors Memorial Garden serves as a profound act of reconciliation, offering a space where the truth about the past is embraced + shared © Sahar Coston-Hardy / Esto
▲沙丘花园邀请来自城市的游客:沙丘参考了沙利文岛的生态历史,并呼应了这片神圣土地的象征性意义,The dune gardens invite visitors from the city: The dunes reference the ecological history of Sullivan’s Island and call reference to the sacred ground © Sahar Coston-Hardy / Esto
▲非洲祖先纪念花园将人们与应该记住的过去联系起来,促进今天和未来的对话和反思,The African Ancestors Memorial Gardens thus connect us to a past that should be remembered, promoting dialogue + reflection for today and the future. © Hood Design Studio
▲低地景观:花园利用当地侨居社区的影响,突出了该地区的生态和历史意义,Low Country landscape: The garden uses local and diasporic influences, with its design highlighting ecological and historical significance of the area. © Hood Design Studio
PROJECT NARRATIVE
The African Ancestors Memorial Garden at the International African American Museum (IAAM), represents a deeply significant cultural and historical project. Located at Gadsden’s Wharf in Charleston, South Carolina, this memorial garden covers a 2.5 acres area dedicated to the remembrance and honor of African ancestors who suffered through the transatlantic slave trade. This site, rich in history, serves as a poignant reminder of the hardships endured and the resilience of those who were forcibly brought to the Americas.
The project’s inception in January 2016 was marked by an intensive collaborative and investigative process, involving a wide array of stakeholders from local artists and historians to the Mayor and museum leaders. This collaboration was foundational in ensuring the design deeply resonated with the community’s historical and cultural context. These discussions and site visits were instrumental in shaping a design that seamlessly integrates the memorial into the landscape, acknowledging the site’s sacred nature while fostering a space for reflection and dialogue.
The garden’s design draws inspiration from the local Lowcountry landscape and the broader African diaspora, creating a tranquil environment that encourages contemplation. It features a series of sub-gardens, each celebrating the contributions of African Americans through artistry, craftsmanship, and labor. Central to the design is the Tide Tribute fountain, an expansive water feature that symbolizes the Atlantic Passage, representing the perilous journeys endured by enslaved Africans. This dynamic water feature reveals and conceals figures beneath the surface, reflecting the visibility and anonymity of those who made the voyage.
Materials and installation methods were carefully chosen for their durability, relevance, and ability to convey the intended narrative. The use of shimmering stainless steel, polished granite, and brick paving not only reflects the historical significance of the site but also ensures the memorial’s longevity. These materials serve multiple symbolic purposes, from commemorating Gadsden’s Wharf to marking the site of an old storehouse that confined enslaved individuals.
Environmental sustainability and the minimization of ecological impact were paramount throughout the design and construction phases. The project team employed sustainable landscaping techniques and worked diligently to preserve the site’s archaeological integrity, ensuring the memorial’s presence enhances rather than detracts from the low country landscape.
Collaboration with the client, the community, and other designers was a cornerstone of this project, embodying a model of inclusive and respectful design practice. Through ongoing dialogue and engagement, the team ensured that the garden not only met the museum’s vision but also honored the memory and legacy of the African diaspora.
The African Ancestors Memorial Garden stands as a testament to the power of memory and the importance of acknowledging our collective history. It invites visitors to connect with the past on a deeply human level, fostering a greater understanding and respect for the heritage of the African diaspora. Through its thoughtful design and installations, the garden serves as a space for education, reflection, and healing, offering a profound experience that resonates with all who visit.
Project Credits
SeamonWhiteside, Landscape Architecture of Record
Pei Cobb Freed + Partners, Design Architect
Moody Nolan, Executive Architect
Ralph Appelbaum Associates (RAA), Exhibition Design
Guy Nordenson and Associates, Structural Engineering:
Arup, M/E/P, Lighting Design
Aquadesign Inc, Water Feature M/E/P
Turner Construction Company, Construction Manager
Brownstone, Construction Management