Tinnerbäcksbadet 游泳馆丨瑞典丨丹麦 3XN 建筑事务所

位于斯德哥尔摩西南约200公里的Tinnerbäcksbadet，由丹麦建筑事务所3XN设计，以温暖的泥土色调呈现其独特的空间构成。项目采用了来自Agrob Buchtal的18,000平方米陶瓷砖，这种由天然原料制成的耐用材料，不仅赋予空间优雅永恒的氛围，还保证了建筑的长使用寿命——这是可持续建筑最重要的基本要求之一。

The Tinnerbäcksbadet, realised by the architectural office 3XN around 200 kilometres southwest of Stockholm, presents itself as a spatial composition in earthy-warm colours. 18,000 m² of ceramic tiles from Agrob Buchtal play a key role here. The durable material made of natural raw materials not only contributes to the timelessly elegant room atmosphere, but also promises a long service life – one of the most important basic requirements of sustainable architecture.

▼入口，entrance © Rasmus Hjortshoj

Tinnerbäcksbadet始建于1965年，位于林雪平市（Linköping）的一座浴湖旁，随着时间的推移设施逐渐老化。由于周边地区规划密度增加，市政府发起了一项国际建筑竞赛，旨在建造一座设施显著扩展的新建筑。3XN建筑事务所的方案凭借新建筑与周边城市规划的敏锐融合而脱颖而出。建筑正面位于新社区广场，呈现出清晰的结构化紧凑体量；后方则采用波浪形平面设计，自然过渡到浴湖周边的绿色空间。

Tinnerbäcksbadet, which opened in 1965 on a bathing lake in Linköping, was becoming outdated. Because its surroundings were also to be redensified, the city initiated an international architectural competition for a new building with significantly expanded facilities. The sensitive integration of the new building into the urban planning situation was a key factor in the success of the competition by Danish office 3XN. The architects designed a building that presents itself as a clearly structured, compact volume on the new neighbourhood square, while its undulating floor plan at the rear of the building enables flowing transitions to the green space around the bathing lake.

▼浴湖周边的绿色空间，the green space around the bathing lake © Rasmus Hjortshoj

建筑主入口、所有更衣室以及训练和理疗泳池位于社区广场一侧的一楼。二楼设有健身和水疗区域，包括按摩池、蒸汽浴、桑拿房和放松池。建筑空间还包括一个25米泳池、一个50米竞赛泳池、一个跳水池以及一个带滑梯、儿童池和波浪池的家庭泳池。建筑后方临湖的三栋结构形似波浪的波峰，呼应湖面的动态美感。整个建筑由环绕的对角窗带和不规则波纹金属板共同构成，灵感来源于水这一自然且充满活力的元素。

The main entrance, all the changing rooms, and the training and therapy pools are located on the ground floor of the building section on the neighborhood square. The fitness and spa area with whirlpool, steam bath, saunas, and relaxation basin are located above. The spatial program also includes a 25-metre pool and a 50-metre sport pool, a diving basin, and a family pool with water slides, children’s- and wave –pool, spread over three structures facing the lake in the form of wave crests. Circumferential, diagonally-cut window strips and irregularly corrugated sheet metal panels form a unifying building envelope inspired by water as a natural, dynamic element.

▼二楼健身和水疗区域，fitness and spa area located above © Rasmus Hjortshoj

自然材料与色调

Natural materials and colors

建筑温馨的空间氛围主要得益于采用自然建筑材料打造的表面和暖色调。Tinnerbäcksbadet获得了瑞典Miljøbyggnad可持续发展银级认证。建筑内部的天花板采用水泥粘结的木丝吸音板，墙面则以细腻的木质条板装饰，而地面使用了Agrob Buchtal的Savona系列600 x 600毫米米色陶瓷砖，赋予地面丰富的质感。

The pleasant room atmosphere is primarily the result of the room-forming surfaces in warm earthy tones and natural building materials, which have contributed to the Tinnerbäcksbadet achieving the Swedish Miljøbyggnad sustainability certificate in silver. In addition to ceiling acoustic panels made of cement-bonded wood wool, and wall panelling made of filigree wooden slats, the lively structured floor catches the eye: beige porcelain stoneware tiles in 600 x 600 mm format from the Savona series by Agrob Buchtal.

▼米色陶瓷砖细部，beige porcelain stoneware tiles © Rasmus Hjortshoj

Savona瓷砖被广泛应用于一楼所有公共区域，包括前厅、餐厅以及从侧门通向1400座观众席和50米竞赛泳池的通道。进入更衣区时，地面材料的变化使泳客一目了然。在更衣区及相邻的泳池区域，采用了Chroma Pool系列沙灰色地砖，进一步强化了功能分区。

The Savona tiles can also be found in all public areas on the ground floor: in the foyer and in the restaurant, but also on the path from the side entrance to the 1400-seat spectator stand at the 50-metre competition pool. The transition to the changing area is immediately recognisable to swimmers. Here – as in the adjoining bathing areas – the Chroma Pool series is used and characterises the flooring in sand grey.

▼更衣区，the changing area © Rasmus Hjortshoj

柔和形态与流畅过渡

Soft shapes, flowing transitions

泳池区域也以自然材料为主。天花桁架和吸音板与木质墙面装饰相得益彰，同时搭配沙灰色Agrob Buchtal瓷砖与水池中蓝色波光相映成趣。几乎所有泳池都使用了Chroma Pool系列白灰色瓷砖，实现了室内空间的无缝衔接。家庭泳池区域则是个例外，池壁和边缘覆盖了25 x 25毫米的活跃白色马赛克瓷砖，营造出优雅的曲线造型。不同泳池功能区域的过渡自然而连贯，从逆流系统到波浪池的缓坡沙滩都形成了环形的整体布局。此外，Agrob Buchtal定制的Wiesbaden系统渠道石块设计，使得渠道与池壁几乎融为一体，视觉效果更加简洁优雅。

Natural materials also characterise the bathing areas. Ceiling trusses and acoustic panels, as well as wooden wall panelling, harmonise here with the sand-grey Agrob Buchtal tiles of the pool surroundings and the bluish shimmering water basins. For seamless transitions, almost all of the pools are fitted with Chroma Pool in white-grey. The family pool area is an exception. Here, active white 25 x 25 mm mosaic tiles cover the elegantly curved pool walls and edges. Plural makes it possible to experience the various areas – from the counter-current system to the gently flowing beach of the wave pool – as a coherent, circular bathing landscape, both in plan and in cross-section. Another special feature are the custom-made channel stones of the Wiesbaden system from Agrob Buchtal. A recess on the side facing the water enables flush tiling up to just below the drain edge, so that the channel in this area is almost completely covered by the mosaic and is perceived as part of the pool wall. Similarly dynamic shapes, modelled from the same mosaic tiles (albeit in light sand grey), can be found in the spa area – where they are again combined with Savona.

▼家庭泳池，family pool © Rasmus Hjortshoj

瓷砖的设计潜力与可持续性

Using the design potential of the tiles

泳池区域的另一特点是大量手工定制的细节设计，例如Agrob Buchtal的线性平面排水渠。这些排水渠不仅优化了泳池周边的地面排水，还减少了斜切加工，确保泳池周围地面看起来如同一个整体。此外，这种设计还能在薄层粘接中使用地砖，节省材料和施工时间。在50米竞赛泳池的起跳台底座以及玻璃幕墙旁的长凳边缘，瓷砖的巧妙运用更进一步体现了Chroma Pool系列的设计潜力，使这些结构与地面无缝融合。

Another characteristic feature of the pool landscape are the many handcrafted, customised detail solutions – such as the linear flat channels from Agrob Buchtal. They serve to ensure optimum surface drainage in the area of the pool surroundings, and also require only a few mitre cuts, making the pool surroundings appear as a single surface. In addition, they enable the floor tiles to be laid in a thin bed, saving both material and time. How the architects use the design potential of the Chroma Pool series naturally and routinely can also be seen in the starting block pedestals at the 50-metre competition pool, and in the edges along the glass façades, which are designed as benches. Both were clad with tiles in such a way that they appear to have merged with the floor.

▼水疗区域，spa area© Rasmus Hjortshoj

设计与可持续性的平衡

Sustainability through design

这种一致性的外观设计源于一种深思熟虑的设计逻辑。陶瓷砖不仅满足了耐久性、防滑性、易清洁和卫生等功能需求，还使Tinnerbäcksbadet的空间逻辑直观明了。得益于这种设计逻辑以及经典的低调色彩，该建筑在物理和视觉上都能长期保持如新。3XN的设计旨在实现建筑的长寿命，而这一理念比使用可持续建筑材料更进一步，成为可持续建筑概念中最重要的核心之一。

There is a design logic behind the recognisable desire for a consistent appearance. The ceramic tiles not only fulfill all functional requirements – for example durability, slip resistance, cleaning, and hygiene – but they also ensure that the Tinnerbäcksbadet is intuitively understandable. As the entire swimming pool ultimately follows this logic, and also thanks to the timeless, colour-restrained design, the result is a building that will not wear out either physically or visually in the long term. The design by 3XN is therefore aimed at a long service life – probably the most important basic requirement for sustainable building concepts, even before the use of sustainable building materials.

▼淋浴区，shower area © Rasmus Hjortshoj

Architects: 3XN, Kopenhagen

Completion: 2023

Tiles: 18.000 m2 agrob.buchtal.de