“借来的土地”装置丨挪威丨ACT!,Rikke Winther,Ask Holmen和CLAYA

ACT!与Rikke Winther、Ask Holmen和CLAYA一起，赢得了2024年4月FærderBiennale的公开征集项目，项目名为“借来的土地”（‘Borrowed land’），这是一件由夯土柱组成的装置艺术。Færder双年展是一个国际性的、针对特定场地的舞蹈与建筑艺术节，2022年由一群来自奥斯陆和通斯贝格的建筑师与表演艺术策展人发起。今年的艺术节于7月28日至8月10日，在Tønsberg和Færder的精选地点举行。

ACT! With Rikke Winther, Ask Holmen and CLAYA won the open call for the Færderbiennale in April 2024 with the project ‘Borrowed land’, an installation consisting of rammed earth columns. The Færderbiennale is an international festival for site-specific dance and architecture, initiated in 2022 by a collective of architects and performing arts curators based in Oslo and Tønsberg. This year’s festival took place from July 28th to August 10th at selected locations in Tønsberg and Færder.

▼项目概览，overview of the project ©Armelle Breuil

“借来的土地”探讨了建筑环境、气候危机和环境退化之间的关系。该项目的核心是认识到自然景观作为有限资源的价值，以及提取主义所带来的问题。通过使用本地材料，如泥土和古代冰川沉积的石块，制作的建筑组件深深扎根于土地，在它完成使命后可以自然腐朽，并重新与大地融合。面对土壤贫瘠的背景下，项目探索了循环性和退化的概念，思考借用资源而非夺取资源的理念，并将其归还大地。

‘Borrowed land’ explores the relationship between the built environment, climate crisis, and environmental degradation. Central to the project is the recognition of the natural landscape as a finite resource as well as the issues created by extractivism. Using local materials, such as clay and stones deposited by ancient glaciers, the crafted architectural components are deeply rooted in the land, to which it can decay and merge back into after it has served its purpose. In the context of soil depletion, the project explores concepts of circularity and degradation, contemplating the notion of borrowing resources rather than taking, and returning them back to the earth.

▼装置概览，overview of the installation ©Bruno Giliberto

土地在呼吸；它储存温暖或释放寒冷，能将人们与自然环境连接。它是一种永恒且循环的建筑材料，拥有作为人类最古老建筑材料之一的悠久历史。通常被视为建筑行业的废料，这个项目旨在揭示泥土作为原材料的潜力与美丽。

Earth breathes; it stores warmth or releases coldness and has the ability to connect people to their natural surroundings. It is a timeless and circular building material, with rich historic traditions as one of humanity’s oldest building materials. Often considered as a waste from the building industry, the project aims to reveal the potential and beauty of earth as a raw material.

▼夯土作为主要材料，rammed earth as the main material ©Bruno Giliberto

通过对不同泥土成分和密度的实验，使用一种名为夯土的古老建筑技术，“借来的土地”展示了这种材料如何响应自然力量，如雨水、风和阳光。它拥抱退化和循环的理念，创造出具有空间感和感官体验的场景。

Through experimentation with different earth compositions and densities, by using an ancient earth building technique called rammed earth,  ‘Borrowed land’ demonstrates how the material  responds to natural forces such as rain, wind and sun. It embraces the notion of decay and circularity, crafting spatial and sensuous scenarios.

▼具有空间感和感官体验的场景，crafting spatial and sensuous scenarios ©Sophie Koenig

“借来的土地”位于Brøtsø的旧工业遗址和采石场，是一件反思自然环境的装置艺术；它在建筑元素与对景观的暴力且宏伟的开采之间，展开了一场微妙的对话。

Situated in the old industrial site and quarry of Brøtsø, ‘Borrowed land’ is an installation that contemplates on its natural surroundings; a subtle dialogue between constructed architectural elements and a both violent as well as majestic extraction of landscape.

▼位于Brøtsø的旧工业遗址和采石场，Situated in the old industrial site and quarry of Brøtsø ©Armelle Breuil

在紧密的对话中，装置和其背景揭示了土壤的层叠，承受着不同强度和时间跨度的压力，隐形地被人类之手塑造。装置的构建方法受到自然的启发——建筑元素由承受压力的土层构成。这个装置在这个背景中强调了建筑创作作为我们从景观中借来的资源，并提醒我们建筑材料的来源以及它们最终归宿的去向。

In close dialogue, both installation and context reveal a layering of soil, exposed to pressure of different intensities and timelines, invisibly shaped by human hands.  Drawing inspiration from nature, the installation reflects this through its construction method—architectural elements crafted from layers of soil subjected to pressure. The installation within this context points to architectural creation as a resource we borrow from the landscape and stands as a reminder of where our building materials are coming from, and where they eventually will return.

▼装置的构建方法受到自然的启发，the installation is inspired by nature ©Sophie Koenig

▼装置细部，installation detail ©Sophie Koenig

凭借其巨大的潜力，夯土建筑应被视为一种现代的、广泛采用的建筑方法，并与我们的日常生活无缝融合。正如采石场中的柱子自然与景观融为一体，夯土建筑应发展成为一种熟悉且直观的建筑选择。然而，这件装置提供了一些新鲜的视角：它激发了好奇心，并为以土壤为建筑材料的方式提供了一个全新的思考。

With its significant potential, earth construction should be recognized as a contemporary and widely adopted building method, seamlessly integrated into our daily lives. Much like how the columns in the stone quarry blend naturally with the landscape, earth construction should evolve into a familiar and intuitive architectural choice. Yet, this installation offers something new: it fosters curiosity and presents a fresh perspective on building with earth.

▼自然与景观融为一体，the stone quarry blend naturally with the landscape  ©Sophie Koenig

▼装置细部，installation detail ©Sophie Koenig

“借来的土地”是多年以来挪威的第一个夯土建筑项目。虽然在1920年代至1970年代之间曾出现过一些夯土建筑，但许多相关知识和基础设施已随时间流失。因此，团队不得不担任建筑师和建造者的角色，采购和测试材料，甚至制作工具。经过在挪威气候下长时间、辛苦的工作，侵蚀过程开始自然发生，柱子上留下了美丽的变化，这些变化深深印刻着特定气候和环境的印记。

Borrowed land is the first rammed-earth project undertaken in Norway in many years. Although there were examples of rammed-earth buildings between the 1920s and 1970s, much of the knowledge and infrastructure has since been lost. As a result, the team had to take on the roles of both architects and builders, source and test the materials, and even produce  tools. After long, labor-intensive days in the Norwegian climate, the erosion process began, naturally creating beautiful variations in the columns, imprinted by it’s specific climate and surroundings.

▼施工现场，construction site ©Sophie Dorn

▼草图，sketch ©ACT!

Offices: ACT!, Ask Holmen, CLAYA, Studio Winther

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Area: 2600 m2

Year: 2024

Photographers: Bruno Giliberto, Sophie König, Sophie Dorn

Project team: Ask Holmen; Armelle Breuil, Barbara Beetz, Elisa Berker, Rikke Winther ;

Volunteers: Maxwell Rodencal, Jona Weissgerber, Sophie Dorn, Alvar Elias Ekhougen Larsen, Malka Gadefait, Aleksandra Volfova, Viktoria Wiese-Hogrefe, Ilse Hviding, Stina Molander Skavlan.