Correios 学校丨葡萄牙波尔图丨CREA Architects

2025/02/20 11:15:20

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波尔图Choupos大街上的Correios Básica学校之所以叫Correios学校，是因为它所在的地方周围是40年代最初为Pereiró社区CTT员工设计的住房。学校采用的建筑方案以百年纪念计划中的杜罗花岗岩类型为基础，最初由两个对称的体量组成，每个体量有4间教室，两两叠加，共两层，通过中央楼梯通往上层。从楼梯间的中庭可以通往小区后面有顶棚的操场。

On Rua dos Choupos in Porto, the Escola Básica dos Correios owes its name to the fact that the space it occupies was surrounded by housing originally designed for CTT employees in the Pereiró neighbourhood in the 40s. The architectural solution adopted for the construction of the school was based on the Douro-granite typology of the Centenary Plan, and was originally made up of two symmetrical volumes with 4 classrooms each, superimposed 2 by 2 on two floors, with access to the upper floor via a central staircase. From the atrium of the stairwell, it was possible to access the covered porched playground at the back of the plot.

▼学校概览，overview of the school ©António Ataíde

该地块包括一个长方形体量和一个宽阔的操场，项目试图对其进行诠释和重新思考，特别是在新方案与可用区域的衔接方面，以及现有建筑与新体量之间的关系方面，新体量吸收了新的多功能区和图书馆区。

▼历史照片，historical photo ©CREA Architects

The plot includes this oblong volume and a vast playground area, which the project sought to interpret and rethink, particularly in the articulation of the new programme with the available areas, and in the relationship between the existing building and the new volume, which absorbs the new multipurpose and library areas.

▼建筑前操场，the playground in front of the building ©António Ataíde

▼修复后立面，refurbished facade ©António Ataíde

在对教室、公共区域和流通空间进行精心翻修的同时，新的建筑体量变得独立，与原有建筑的阅读空间对峙并相互影响，将穿孔波纹金属板表皮延伸至学校的新走廊。该项目规定建造有顶棚的操场和一条内部通道，将楼梯和教室这两个原有的中心连接起来，到目前为止，这两个中心只能从外部连接。两者之间的空间界定了学校的新入口，树梢点缀着操场，既是操场的延伸，又是操场的背景。

▼模型，model ©CREA Architects

At the same time as the careful refurbishment of the classrooms, common areas and circulation spaces, the new volume becomes autonomous, confronts and contaminates the reading of the pre-existing building, extending the perforated corrugated sheet metal skin to the school’s new distribution gallery. The project provided for the creation of covered playgrounds and an interior circulation linking the two original centres of staircases and classrooms, which until now were connected only from the outside. The space between the two defines the new entrance to the school site, framing the treetops that punctuate the playground, acting as both its extension and backdrop.

▼穿孔波纹金属板表皮，the perforated corrugated sheet metal skin ©António Ataíde

为了在新学年重新开学，学校要求在短时间内完成新校区的建设，因此选择了工业建筑逻辑系统，该系统由楼梯和螺栓钢结构、半透明聚碳酸酯板和穿孔波纹板组成，可在现场组装，大大缩短了施工时间，同时还具有可拆卸性和可逆性。

▼一层平面，ground floor plan ©CREA Architects

In the new volume, the requirement for a short construction time, to allow the school to reopen in the new school year, encouraged the choice of an industrial logic construction system that was assembled on site, with a staircase and bolted steel structure, translucent polycarbonate panels and perforated corrugated sheeting, which allowed for a very significant gain in construction time, while also being demountable and reversible.

▼立面由半透明聚碳酸酯板和穿孔波纹板组成，

facade composed with translucent polycarbonate panels and perforated corrugated sheeting ©António Ataíde