意大利西西里岛 Avola 市郊社区再生计划

IN-HABIT URBAN RIGENERATION AND SOCIAL HOUSING IN A MINORITY CENTER OF EASTERN SICILY

Since its first expansion outside the original perimeter of the walls that crammed into the hexagonal center, the city has undergone transformations caused by the first expansion routes that have influenced the city's subsequent growth. Nowadays, what emerges from the study is that the expansion of the 70s and 80s compromised the image of the city that did not grow coherently to the shape of the hex. The coastal city ignores the compact city, while in the suburbs, as is often the case in our cities, the vacuum and the strangeness characterize the city's fabric. Emptying plot of land, unplanned and improperly called "squares," and the disproportionate voids between periphery buildings ruin the image of the city, destroy its stylistic consistency and testify as economic speculation and bad planning have, even in the case of Avola, drowned the character of the Old Town in an unplanned disorder that characterizes the present state of the suburban and coastal urban landscape.

The intervention area is located in the district of Fontana on the outskirts Northwest of Avola.This peripheral district was built since the 1960's and grew during the economic boom of the following years. The most recurring building type is the row house type but there are also some popular residential buildings.From the point of view of urban architecture, the neighborhood presents the typical deficiencies of the residential neighborhoods that arose during the historical period of the 1960's that is a clear disagreement between the draft regulatory plan and the architectural design of the buildings. What is immediately evident is the total lack of urban space design that is completely absent in all design scales. In fact, the large-scale action plan is not an instrument capable of shaping the site by recognizing its specific geographic and environmental characteristics.Under these conditions, the element that over time has taken over urban space is the car. The streets, in fact, are long upholstered car corridors so that this area is unpleasant to a pedestrian walkway, also because of the small size of the sidewalks.

The project aims at urban regeneration in the northwestern part of the city of Avola, the redesign of public space, the creation of a new structure that can accommodate both the weekly market and the activities of daily sale and the construction of two new social housing buildings within the area.The criteria on which the project is based on are those of interdependencefunctional program, intermediate dimension of interventions, a public and social urban architecture. The project is set to act not only on the shape of the city in this area but also on habits and lifestyles that negatively affect the life of the community.

The first intervention involves the design of a new building in a slightly sloping lot near Piazza S. Sebastiano. The type of building is on a balustrade because it best suits a building that grows in length. The balconies allow access to all the apartments and links through between the vertical links and the accommodations themselves.The new building complex looks like a single building divided into four staggered bodies, consisting of fourteen different housing units, creating the preconditions for a social mix. The ground floor is completely dedicated to common environments intended for both social housing residents as well as neighborhood associations and the community in general. The design also includes the space between the building of popular houses and the new buildings, as between the two are planned the creation of a garden that will become the fulcrum of the social life of the inhabitants and that will be a useful element to reconnect and make it permeable the design area with the surrounding urban fabric.

The second intervention involves the completion of a lot adjacent to Piazza S. Sebastiano. The chosen type is that of a single-family building consisting of a number of associated houses. The project envisages two different models of houses that are different in shape and size.The accommodations are six in total, three of which on the ground floor have a compartment for business premises. The head office is designed for a multifaceted environment serving the community.The presence of the square meant that the openings and entrances to the homes were placed inside patios, which is a filter space between the public and the private. The only prospect of the entire lot is the one placed towards the square with a Northeast orientation. To facilitate the entrance of sunlight and to have transverse ventilation every home on the back, it has a patio that isolates it from the adjacent factory body.