Mapfre Chiclayo公墓一期丨秘鲁兰巴耶克丨TERRITORIAL

Mapfre Chiclayo公墓一期位于秘鲁兰巴耶克大区蒙塞富省。该地区原为农田和稻田，占据着平坦且略有起伏的地形，隶属于昌凯河流域。河流分支为多个渠道，使得该区域成为一片肥沃的山谷。远处，“El Reque”山丘耸立，是辽阔地貌中唯一突出的地标性元素，也成为当地居民共同记忆中的重要象征。该山丘与山谷周边还坐落着多个考古遗址，如“Siete Techos”和“Ventarrón”，后者拥有超过4500年的历史，保存着美洲大陆最古老的壁画。

The Mapfre Chiclayo Cemetery Phase 1 is located in the province of Monsefú, Lambayeque, Peru. Initially, the area was occupied by crops and rice fields, distributed in a flat and slightly rugged terrain corresponding to the basin of the Chancay River. This river branches into channels, turning the area into a fertile valley. In the distance, the “El Reque” hill stands out as the only monumental element in the middle of the vast terrain. It has become a significant landmark for both the place and its residents. The “El Reque” hill and the valley are accompanied by various archaeological complexes within the parcel of the place such as “Siete Techos” and “Ventarrón”. The latter, with more than 4500 years of history, preserves the oldest murals in the continent of America.

▼鸟瞰，aerial view © Cristóbal Palma

▼鸟瞰，aerial view © Eleazar Cuadros

▼俯瞰，top view © Eleazar Cuadros

本项目以“景观介入”的方式展开设计。建筑通过一条垂直于地势的楔形构筑物介入场地，自地面逐渐升起，延展至主干道，轻微改变场地的水平特征。第二个核心构成是礼拜堂，其以垂直体量拔地而起，成为继“El Reque”山丘之后的又一标志性元素。其朝向设计旨在与山丘对话，从而凸显其在集体记忆中的重要地位。建筑本体通过与地面关系的处理与垂直构成，寓意从尘世走向超越的精神探索。

The proposal is conceived as an intervention in the landscape. The building seeks to subtly alter the horizontality of the place by constructing a perpendicular wedge-shaped structure that emerges from the ground to the main road. The second component is the chapel. Through its verticality, it rises as the second monumental element of the territory. Its orientation is conditioned by the intention to dialogue with “El Reque” hill, thus celebrating the importance of the hill within the collective imagination of the place. Likewise, the body of the building, through its relationship with the ground and its verticality, evokes the search from the earthly towards the transcendental.

▼外观概览，exterior overview © Cristóbal Palma

▼立面，facade © Cristóbal Palma

项目致力于提出一种全新的墓园建筑理念——以单一建筑承载绝大部分运营功能。它被构想为与地面保持接触、并与地形融为一体的构筑元素。建筑中央区域容纳了多个功能空间，包括礼拜堂、咖啡厅、办公区、守灵室及服务配套。整体建筑采用清水混凝土和木材等裸露材质，结构上以钢筋混凝土楼板体系为主，腾出空间，增强空间流动性。屋顶统一处理为绿色屋面，成为整体景观设计的一部分。

▼礼拜堂体量，chapel volume © Cristóbal Palma

▼清水混凝土和木材等裸露材质，exposed materials such as concrete and wood © Cristóbal Palma

在空间序列中，贯穿整个项目的“空间渗透性”始终是重要考量。设计提出多个廊道，将场地各个部分连接起来，优先考虑景观视线的通达。项目沿这些路径设置了景观种植，加强与埋葬仪式相关的空间体验。这些以步行为主、辅以部分车辆通行的路径也被视为“停驻空间”，配合树木提供的遮荫，为仪式过程中的驻足与沉思提供了场所。

Spatial permeability was a constant consideration in the spatial sequence of the project. Therefore, corridors that traverse the entire project and connect the parts of the site are proposed, prioritizing the views of the landscape. Landscaping is proposed along these paths throughout the project, reinforcing the act of the burial ritual. These predominantly pedestrian corridors with some vehicular access are understood as pause spaces for rest, which, along with the accompaniment of trees, provide shade during the ritual.

▼视线通达的廊道，corridors prioritizing the views of the landscape © Eleazar Cuadros

▼材质细部，material details © Cristóbal Palma

项目从设计伊始便极具挑战性——圣礼空间的设计必须令建筑以微妙方式陪伴使用者的体验，使场所成为令人铭记且和谐的存在。该项目的建筑价值不仅体现在空间形式与结构的统一探索上，还在于其对结构与空间之间关系的精准把控，使得在施工过程中无需任何更改，形成了严格的建筑语言逻辑。其建筑价值正源于这种将建筑构件清晰组织并无缝衔接的能力。

From the beginning, the project proved to be a challenge as the design of sacramental spaces should signify an event where architecture should subtly accompany the user’s experience, turning the space into a memorable and harmonious place. The project holds architectural value from the exploration of form and its correspondence with space and structure. Spatial exploration linked to the structure allowed for no changes in execution. As a result, the value lies in the architectural discipline of identifying the components of a building to articulate them in such a way that changes do not occur.

▼圣礼空间概览，sacramental spaces overview © Eleazar Cuadros

▼令人铭记且和谐的存在，a memorable and harmonious place © Cristóbal Palma

▼天光，sklight © Cristóbal Palma

项目以总图规划的方式将墓地与自然地貌有机结合，希望形成带有遮荫的路径，并将视线引导至这些路线。材料性的探索亦是建筑与景观之间关系的关键一环。设计选用了与前哥伦布时期相呼应的色调，使其与土地产生共鸣，激发人们的集体记忆，从而让当地居民将其视为属于自己的作品，并与其生活场所建立情感关联。项目不仅因其形式美而成为后续墓园项目的设计范本，也因其象征意义而成为精神参照。此外，项目通过光与材料的协同作用，探索空间氛围的营造。我们希望让“光具有重量”，让空间因光的进入而获得定义。这种探索被我们称为“光之重量”（The Weight of Light）。

The project resolves the landscape with the burials in a master plan, aiming for the pathways to be shaded routes and linking the views to these ones. The exploration of the project’s materiality is a vital part of the relationship with the landscape, as it sought to use color tones that were prevalent in the pre-Hispanic era to connect with said landscape and work alongside collective memory. Therefore, the inhabitants feel the proposal as their own work and associate it with the place where they are. The work has served as a guideline for the design of subsequent projects, not only for its appearance but also for its significance. The project is also a result of the search for the atmosphere of the space through the work of light and materiality. We have aimed for light to have weight, for space to be defined by the entrance of light, naming this search “The Weight of Light”.

▼服务空间，serving space © Cristóbal Palma

▼材质细部，material detail © Eleazar Cuadros

▼模型，model © TERRITORIAL

▼轴测，model © TERRITORIAL

▼场地平面，site plan © TERRITORIAL

▼首层平面图，ground floor plan © TERRITORIAL

▼屋顶平面图，roof floor plan © TERRITORIAL

▼剖面图，sections © TERRITORIAL

▼礼拜堂平面与细部，chapel plan and details © TERRITORIAL

▼立面细部，elevation details © TERRITORIAL

▼结构剖面细部，constructive section © TERRITORIAL