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第19届威尼斯建筑双年展《敦煌·共熠》丨中国丨时境建筑

2025/05/26 13:23:16

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在本届威尼斯双年展的世界舞台上，时境建筑的作品《敦煌·共熠》，有幸入选第19届威尼斯双年展中国馆，成为12件参展艺术作品之一。这份荣誉意义非凡，衷心感谢中国馆对时境建筑的信任与邀请。以敦煌和星空为主题，搭建起中国文化与西方文明交流的桥梁，何其有幸见证这一文化交融的时刻。此次威尼斯双年展中国馆由MAD建筑事务所的马岩松先生担任策展人，12件艺术家作品共同汇聚于此，以“共生CO-EXIST”为主题，诠释多元文化相互依存、和谐共生的美好愿景，期待这一展览为世界带来更多文化启迪与艺术共鸣。

At the global stage of this year’s Venice Biennale, the work Dunhuang · Con-stella-tion by Atelier Alter Architecture has been honored to be selected for the China Pavilion of the 19th Venice Biennale, becoming one of the 12 participating artworks. With Dunhuang and the starry sky as its themes, the work builds a bridge for cultural exchange between China and the West, and we are extremely fortunate to witness this moment of cultural integration. The China Pavilion of this Venice Biennale is curated by Mr. Ma Yansong of MAD Architects, bringing together 12 artists’ works under the theme “CO-EXIST.” It interprets the beautiful vision of interdependence and harmonious coexistence among diverse cultures, hoping that this exhibition will bring more cultural inspiration and artistic resonance to the world.

▼装置概览，overview of the installation©时境建筑

▼装置概览，overview of the installation©时境建筑

敦煌·共熠：敦煌与威尼斯的跨时空对话

Dunhuang Con-stella-tion: A Trans-temporal Dialogue Between Dunhuang and Venice

敦煌莫高窟自公元366年始凿于鸣沙山岩壁，历经千年营造形成绵延1600米的石窟群，这座佛教艺术圣殿不仅承载着东方信仰，更成为丝绸之路上多文明交融的见证，这种多元基因的融合与威尼斯作为千年文化港口的特质形成深刻呼应。当我们将目光聚焦于西魏时期开凿的第285窟，便能窥见希腊、波斯、印度与中国文明在此激荡出的璀璨星图 – 其四坡穹顶上绘制的是人类历史上最早有记载的北半球可见星图。

▼敦煌285窟壁画，Dunhuang 285 grotto mural©时境建筑

Since its initial carving on the Mingsha Mountain cliffs in 366 CE, the Mogao Grottoes of Dunhuang evolved over millennia into a 1,600-meter-long cave complex. This sacred Buddhist art sanctuary not only embodies Eastern spirituality but also testifies to the convergence of civilizations along the Silk Road. Its multicultural DNA resonates profoundly with Venice’s thousand-year legacy as a cultural entrepôt. Focusing on Cave 285 from the Western Wei period, we discover a brilliant celestial chart born from the collision of Greek, Persian, Indian, and Chinese civilizations – its four-sloped dome preserves the earliest documented star map of the Northern Hemisphere in human history.

▼装置概览，overview of the installation©时境建筑

自汉唐以来，敦煌作为丝路要冲，长期吸纳并融合印度佛教造像、中亚粟特乐舞、波斯拜火教意象与希腊犍陀罗雕塑艺术。莫高石窟中可见印度莲座与波斯鱼鳞纹样并置，亦存汉文、粟特文、叙利亚文等十余种文字经卷。第285窟的穹顶堪称一座微型文明宇宙：粟特的日神与月神、印度的梵天与伽内什、中国的伏羲与鸾凤，通过流动的线条与绚丽色彩，构筑出一个超越时空的精神星图。▼敦煌星图-北极天节选，Dunhuang constellation©时境建筑

As a vital Silk Road hub since Han-Tang dynasties, Dunhuang assimilated and synthesized Indian Buddhist iconography, Sogdian musical traditions, Persian Zoroastrian symbolism, and Greek Gandharan sculptural arts. The grottoes showcase Indian lotus thrones juxtaposed with Persian fish-scale patterns, preserving sutras in over ten scripts including Chinese, Sogdian, and Syriac. The dome of Cave 285 constitutes a microcosm of civilizations: Sogdian solar and lunar deities, Indian Brahma and Ganesha, Chinese Fuxi and phoenix motifs, all interwoven through fluid lines and polychromatic brilliance to form a spiritual constellation transcending temporal-spatial boundaries.

▼构筑出一个超越时空的精神星图，form a spiritual constellation transcending temporal-spatial boundaries©时境建筑

▼构筑出一个超越时空的精神星图，form a spiritual constellation transcending temporal-spatial boundaries©Mint米特

古代星象学以天体秩序映照人间，形成独特的文明认知体系。敦煌遗存的唐代《敦煌星图》展现了非凡的宇宙观，其紫微垣星象与五月初长安的天象高度对应，堪称三家钦天监跨时空天文观测的集成体。这种将星图视作动态数据场的观念，与当代拓扑几何对宇宙的非线性认知，构成跨越千年的对话。在艺术家的再诠释下，敦煌星图演化为“文明能量图”：以地理坐标为原点，印度佛教、中亚商贸、波斯艺术与希腊造像四大文化星云于此交汇，生成一座持续辐射文明能量的“文化图书馆”。

▼从敦煌285窟到《敦煌·共熠》，from Dunhuang 285 grotto to Dunhuang Con-stella-tion©时境建筑

Ancient astrological systems mirrored terrestrial order through celestial patterns, creating unique cognitive frameworks. The Tang-era Dunhuang Star Atlas reveals extraordinary cosmology, its Purple Forbidden Enclosure constellation aligning precisely with Chang’an’s May night sky, synthesizing three astronomical schools’ observations. This conceptualization of star charts as dynamic data fields engages in millennium-spanning dialogue with contemporary topological geometry’s nonlinear cosmic understanding. Through artistic reinterpretation, the Dunhuang star map transforms into a “civilizational energy diagram”: with geographic coordinates as origin points, four cultural nebulae – Indian Buddhism, Central Asian commerce, Persian art, and Greek statuary – converge to form a “cultural library” radiating enduring creative energy.

▼如星尘般在时空场中跃动碰撞，civilizational symbols collide like stardust across spacetime©时境建筑

▼营造出抽象的星云世界，abstracts a nebula world©DENONE

当我们以当代表达重新解读这些文化密码，第285窟穹顶便呈现出惊人的预言性：文明符号如星尘般在时空场中跃动碰撞，印度法轮与波斯图腾交织，希腊式菩萨与汉地飞天共舞，生成超越线性历史的新型文化生境。时境建筑以12×8×6.5米的空间结构呈现三维星图场域，材料运用金属球体、金属网与多色亚克力，营造出抽象的星云世界，囊括正北天的五个星座及象征敦煌工匠笔触的尘埃微粒。这一雕塑装置回应了威尼斯双年展所汇聚的全球建筑星群，成为对敦煌“文明共振”概念的当代表达。它既映射全球文化流动的威尼斯图景，又回响敦煌千年智慧的手工温度，在拓扑空间中牵引出伊特鲁里亚与东方星象的跨时空对语。▼渲染轴测图，rendering axonometric©时境建筑

Reinterpreting these cultural codes through contemporary lens, Cave 285’s dome reveals prophetic vision: civilizational symbols collide like stardust across spacetime, Indian Dharma wheels intertwining with Persian totems, Greek-style bodhisattvas waltzing with Han-era flying apsaras, generating new cultural ecologies beyond linear history. Atelier Alter Architects materializes this vision through a 12×8×6.5m spatial construct representing a three-dimensional star field. Utilizing metal spheres, meshes, and multicolored acrylic panels, the installation abstracts a nebula world encompassing five northern constellations and dust particles symbolizing Dunhuang artisans’ brushstrokes. This sculptural apparatus responds to Venice Biennale’s constellation of global architecture, offering contemporary expression to Dunhuang’s “civilizational resonance” – mirroring Venice’s panorama of cultural fluidity while echoing Dunhuang’s millennial craftsmanship within topological space that bridges Etruscan and Eastern astrological dialogues.

▼营造出抽象的星云世界，abstracts a nebula world©Suhenda Demir

▼运用金属球体、金属网与多色亚克力，utilizing metal spheres, meshes, and multicolored acrylic panels©时境建筑

▼对敦煌“文明共振”概念的当代表达，offering contemporary expression to Dunhuang’s “civilizational resonance”©时境建筑

▼象征着文明的跨时空对话，symbolising the dialogue of civilisations across time and space©时境建筑

这座人造星系般的装置提示我们：真正的文明交融并非风格叠加，而是文化基因在时空中有机重组。正如壁画中胡人面孔逐渐汉化，或粟特语在佛经中音译流转，每一次“星尘”碰撞皆在重塑文化拓扑。当数字时代的流动性邂逅敦煌千年的包容性，我们或许终于理解：文明的真义，不在于坚守原点，而在于恒久交汇与不断重生。

This artificial galaxy reminds us: True cultural convergence isn’t stylistic layering, but organic recombination of cultural DNA across spacetime. Like the Sinicization of foreign faces in murals or the phonetic transmutation of Sogdian in Buddhist texts, each “stardust” collision reshapes cultural topology. When digital-age fluidity encounters Dunhuang’s millennial inclusivity, we finally comprehend: Civilization’s essence lies not in clinging to origins, but in perpetual convergence and continual rebirth.

▼人造星系般的装置，artificial galaxy©Li Chunchao