Gondomar城市公园丨葡萄牙波尔图丨PAULO MERLINI architects

PAULO MERLINI architects设计的Gondomar城市公园面临的挑战，是在一块约20,000平方米、位于S.Cosme市中心、此前对城市毫无用途的土地上，打造一个以大型绿地为主、融合休闲娱乐功能的城市公园。鉴于场地的规模与位置，设计需要对地形的自然形态、周边的山谷与山脊、现有生态结构、绿色走廊以及城市环境进行更全面而复杂的分析。

The challenge proposed the creation of an urban park with a large green area associated with recreational and leisure functions, for a plot of land of approximately 20,000 square meters located in the center of S.Cosme, without any utility for the city. Given the size and location of the plot in question, a more comprehensive and complex analysis was necessary regarding the terrain’s physiography, the surrounding valleys and ridges, the existing ecological structure, green corridors, as well as the urban analysis of the area.

▼场地鸟瞰，aerial view of the site© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼公园鸟瞰，aerial view of the park© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼顶视图，top view© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼环岛与拱形门，the circumnavigation of the island and the arch door© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼拱形门，the arch door© Ivo Tavares Studio

分析结果显示，该地块处于多个重要设施的中心位置，例如Gondomar多功能大厅、图书馆、礼堂、教堂、集市，以及多所学校与住宅建筑。与这些设施直接相关的，是大量汇聚于此的人车流动，而这一地点未来也将接入新的地铁线路。因此，本项目旨在成为城市肌理的连接与过渡点，强化公共体验与休闲空间。设计策略以创造一个城市公园为出发点，使人们可以在周边地区间自然流通。为此，我们设置了多个迎宾区域，鼓励人们穿越并享受整个公园。

After the analysis, it was concluded that the plot was located in the center of several prominent facilities such as the Gondomar Multipurpose Hall, the Library, the Auditorium, the Church, the fair, as well as several schools and residential buildings. Directly related to these functions were various vehicular and pedestrian flows converging at this location, which would eventually receive the new metro line. Therefore, it was essential to develop a project that would become a point of connection/transition of the urban fabric, enhancing new experiences and leisure areas. The project was based on the creation of an urban park that allowed natural and fluid circulation throughout the surrounding area. Thus, several reception areas were created to invite people to cross and enjoy the entire park.

▼大面积的可坐卧草坪，large areas of sitting and reclining lawns© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼拱形门，the arch door© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼拱形门下方，under the arch door© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼阶梯式草坪，terraced lawn© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼顶视图，top view© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼细部，details© Ivo Tavares Studio

在场地中心原本就存在一条明显的步行路径，连接着地势高低两端。我们很早就意识到这一连接轴的保留十分重要，因此在维持该轴线的基础上，加入了咖啡厅与露台、儿童游乐区、棋牌区域与观景点等新功能。在设计干预的核心区域，提出了一个大型雕塑元素，可作为户外表演的圆形剧场，也可供人们放松或欣赏公园景致。利用西侧的开阔视野，还设置了一个人工湖，种植有水生植物，以自然可持续的方式调节水质。

Originally, there was a noticeable pedestrian path in the center of the terrain, connecting the high elevation to the low elevation of the terrain. It was realized early on that it would be essential to maintain this connection. Therefore, it was proposed to maintain this axis of connection, complementing it now with new programs such as a café and terrace, a playground, a board game area, and a viewpoint. At the center of the intervention, a large sculptural element was proposed that could function as an amphitheater for outdoor performances or simply for relaxation and natural enjoyment of the park, taking advantage of the visual openness to the west. It was also proposed to create an artificial lake with aquatic plants that help control water parameters in a natural and sustainable way.

▼场地路径，path in the park© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼大型雕塑元素，large scale sculpture© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼白色金属管，white metal tube© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼圆形剧场，circular amphitheatre© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼细部，details© Ivo Tavares Studio

设计还考虑种植超过800棵树，包括葡萄牙桦木、银桦、苏格兰松、海岸松、黑杨、葡萄牙栎与银杏等，并搭配月桂、杜松、鼠李、野薰衣草、迷迭香、百里香、香雪球等多种灌木和亚灌木。休闲区域铺设草地种子混合物（包含多年生黑麦草、高羊茅、草地早熟禾等），非通行区域则覆盖5厘米厚的有机覆盖物，为多样化的使用方式提供可能。

The planting of over 800 trees was also considered, such as Portuguese Birch, Silver Birch, Scots Pine, Maritime Pine, Black Poplar, Portuguese Oak, and Ginkgo Biloba, along with a diverse range of shrubs and sub-shrubs, such as Laurel, Juniper, Buckthorn, Wild Lavender, Rosemary, Lavender, Thyme, and Santolina, among others. As for the coatings, a meadow seeding mix (30% Lollium perenne, 30% Festuca rubra trichophla, 30% Fstuca rubra commutata, and 10% Poa pratensis) was used in the recreation/leisure areas, and a 5cm thick mulch was used in non-circulating areas. This allows for various forms of appropriation and leisure.

▼道路，path© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼细部，details© Ivo Tavares Studio

地块北侧地势较高，设计了一间带露台的小型咖啡馆，由两个小体量组成，一个为吧台，一个为配有无障碍卫生间的空间。两者皆以白色清水混凝土与白色金属管构成，形似蘑菇。同时设有狗狗公园与户外健身区，通过地形微调实现空间的隐私性。地块南侧靠近教堂的区域设有一片大空地，可用于自由活动，如游戏或体育锻炼。设计中预留了“Gallery”建筑的空间，该建筑将在后期建造，旨在为该区域引入新的公共活力。

To the north of the plot, at a higher elevation, the creation of a small café with a terrace was proposed, consisting of two small volumes, one for the bar and the other for a restroom prepared for people with reduced mobility. These bodies were made of exposed white concrete and lacquered white metal tubes resembling the image of two mushrooms. There is also a dog park with obstacle and play areas and an outdoor fitness area. By slightly modeling the terrain, the necessary privacy of each space is promoted.

Located to the south, near the Church, a large clearing was proposed, allowing for a freer and more dynamic use, allowing, for example, the creation of games, physical exercise, etc. The “Gallery” building presented in the proposal will be added at a later stage, with the park being prepared to receive this building. This will be a facility that will promote new dynamics in this area of the city.

▼小咖啡馆远观，viewing the small cafe at distance© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼顶视图，top view© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼咖啡馆，cafe© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼咖啡馆细部，details of the cafe© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼顶视图，top view© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼运动器械，sports facility© Ivo Tavares Studio

为了营造统一又具辨识度的视觉形象，设计出一种既定义公园边界又勾勒步行路径的连续元素。通过预制构件的定制设计，使其在特定位置变为休憩座椅或入口标识。该元素在公园西侧转变为主入口的大型拱门，由两个混凝土底座与顶部金属梁组成，梁体包覆白色金属板。作为进入城市的主立面，设计希望通过这一“城市之门”展现与众不同的欢迎仪式。为强化可持续性与生态保护，公园内分布有多个滞水池，用以收集雨水，减轻市政排水系统负担。这些水分随后会被植物吸收或自然蒸发，从而回归生态循环。

In order to promote a coherent and distinctive image, an element was created to draw the boundary of the park and all pedestrian paths. Thus, promoting a fluid image throughout the intervention, it was proposed that the benches and pavement edges be prefabricated elements specifically designed for each location, thus creating resting areas or entry points to the park. This element, which draws the perimeter of the park, to the west, transforms into a large arch composed of two large white concrete bases and, at the top, by large metal beams capped with white metal sheeting. This element thus defines the main entrance to the urban park. As this is the main facade for those entering the city, we found it essential to design a differentiating element that represents “the city’s gate”. In order to reinforce sustainability and preserve the environment, several retention basins were proposed throughout the park to retain rainwater in order not to overload the city’s stormwater network. This water will be absorbed by vegetation and/or evaporated, thus continuing its natural cycle.

▼拱形门，Arch door© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼白色金属管围栏与拱门，the white metal pipe fence and arch© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼拱形门，the arch door© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼拱形门与水中倒影，the arch door and the reflection in the water© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼拱形门细部，details of the arch door© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼建筑，architecture© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼楼梯，staircase© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼台阶步道，steps© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼屋顶平台，roof terrace© Ivo Tavares Studio

照明设计采用嵌入式LED灯带以及两种高度（3.5米和6米）的Soneres Spider C灯柱，分别配备2个和3个泛光灯。它不仅是一个城市公园，更是一个100%无障碍、100%包容的公共空间，为各类群体提供广泛的交流与休闲机会。不同氛围的空间适合所有家庭共同享用。它强化了城市的生态结构，创造了新的城市中心地带，对整座城市产生了积极影响，赋予城市新的面貌，从而体现了市民真正的价值。

The park’s lighting is provided by embedded LED strips as well as Soneres Spider C columns, 3.5m high with two floodlights and 6m high with three floodlights. More than an Urban Park, it is a space 100% accessible to people with reduced mobility, 100% inclusive, providing opportunities for interaction and recreation as broadly as possible. It has various comfortable environments so that all families can enjoy this space. It reinforces the ecological structure of the city and creates a new centrality of the city, creating such a relevant impact that it enhances the city as a whole, giving it a new face, thus expressing the true value of its citizens.

▼拱形门与水景，the arch door and water feature© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼夕阳景观，dusk view© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼夜景灯光设计，light design© Ivo Tavares Studio

▼夜景，night view© Ivo Tavares Studio

Project name: Parque Urbano Gondomar

Architecture Office: PAULO MERLINI architects

Main Architect: Paulo Merlini & André Santos Silva

Collaboration: Arqª Inês Silva, Arqª Ana Rita Pinho

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Instagram: paulo_merlini_architects

Location: Gondomar, Porto, Portugal

Year of conclusion : 2023

Total area: 20.000,00 m2

Builder: ABB – Alexandre Barbosa Borge, S.A.

Inspection: PPGOB – Gestão de Obras, Lda

Engineering: Engº André Correia e Engª Marília Pinto

Landscape: P4 – Artes e Técnicas da Paisagem

Architectural photographer: Ivo Tavares Studio

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