Lady Raval保障性住房改造丨西班牙巴塞罗那丨MiAS Architects

“这个项目既是对巴塞罗那市中心一座历史建筑的修复，也是对其居民记忆与文化根源的致敬。”

—— Josep Miàs，MIAS建筑事务所创始人兼主持建筑师

“The project is both a refurbishment of a historic building in central Barcelona and a tribute to the memory and cultural roots of its inhabitants.”

Josep Miàs, Director and Founder of MIAS Architects

▼改造后中庭,  courtyard after renovation  ©Adrià Goula Photographer

项目位于巴塞罗那老城区内历史悠久且结构复杂的拉瓦尔（Raval）街区。在应对长期城市问题的背景下，市政府于2000年修建了拉瓦尔大道（Rambla del Raval），试图打破该区域密集而封闭的城市肌理，引入一个开放的公共空间，改善居住环境并促进邻里融合。Hospital街是拉瓦尔最具标志性的街道之一，保留着中世纪的原始街巷格局，是通往拉瓦尔大道的重要通道。尽管部分地段曾一度被忽视，这条街依然承载着浓厚的社区记忆与城市认同。

▼改造前后,  before and after ©Adrià Goula Photographer&MiAS Architects

The building is situated in the heart of Barcelona’s Raval neighbourhood, a historically complex area within the city’s old town. In response to long-standing urban challenges, the Rambla del Raval was inaugurated in 2000 with the aim of revitalising the area by interrupting the dense, compact urban fabric and introducing a generous public space for all residents. Hospital Street, one of Raval’s most emblematic thoroughfares, retains its medieval layout and serves as a key access point to the Rambla. Although some sections have faced neglect over time, the street remains a significant element of the neighbourhood’s identity.

▼中心庭院,  the central courtyard ©Adrià Goula Photographer

拉瓦尔是一个文化多元的街区，居住着来自世界各地的居民。这种多样性构成了社区的重要力量，但由于其城市密度高、布局封闭，也在一定程度上加剧了该地区与城市其他部分的物理与社会隔离感。在过去的几十年中，拉瓦尔曾因非正式活动而名声复杂。这座修复项目所针对的建筑也不例外，其若干微型公寓曾被改造用于这类用途，许多前住户为外国移民，正是该街区多元文化特征的缩影。

Raval is a culturally diverse district, home to residents of numerous nationalities. This diversity is one of the neighbourhood’s greatest strengths, though the area’s urban density and configuration have, at times, contributed to a sense of physical and social isolation from the rest of the city. In previous decades, the neighbourhood carried a reputation shaped by informal activities. The building subject to this rehabilitation project had also been marked by these conditions, with several of its micro-apartments informally adapted for such uses. Many of its previous occupants were of foreign origin, reflecting the broader multicultural profile of the area.

▼图案与几何纹样取自居民的文化，

draw on patterns and geometries typical of the residents’ places of origin ©Adrià Goula Photographer

▼以陶瓷构件装饰，featuring tile decorations ©Adrià Goula Photographer

这栋建筑临街一侧原设有独立入口，通往数层住宅与底层商铺，后期增建的L形体量环绕中庭展开，形成封闭式格局。随着时间推移，建筑内部逐渐被人为划分为极小的单元，屋顶也陆续添加了非正式构筑物。

The original building, fronting Hospital Street, featured a dedicated entrance accessing several floors and a ground-floor commercial unit. A second L-shaped volume had been added later, wrapping around a central courtyard and enclosing it.

▼入口大堂，lobby at entrance ©Adrià Goula Photographer

本次修复工作对这些后期附加结构进行了清除，恢复了建筑原有格局：街道一侧每层设有两套公寓，L形体量一侧每层为三套。原有的两处楼梯得以保留，同时为两个体量分别新增电梯，提升了通达性。底层的商铺则继续面向街道开放使用。

Over time, the building’s apartments had been subdivided into very small units, and various ancillary structures—including additions on the rooftop—had been informally constructed. The rehabilitation project involved the careful removal of these non-original elements to restore the original layout, with two apartments per floor in the street-facing building and three per floor in the L-shaped wing. The two existing stairwells were preserved, and a lift was added to each building, improving accessibility. The ground-floor commercial unit remains open and directly accessible from the street.

▼改造后的楼梯间，staircase after renovation ©Adrià Goula Photographer

项目的核心目标之一，是重塑空气、光线与空间品质。设计团队重新开启了原有但被封闭的竖向天井，并在面向主中庭的墙面——尤其是楼梯间与电梯前厅——新增窗户与阳台门，引入自然采光与通风。这些流线空间通过精准布设的开口相互关联，增强了空间的通透性与互动性。

A key objective of the project was to reintroduce air, light, and spatial quality throughout the building. This was achieved by reopening the vertical courtyards—some of which had been obstructed over time—and incorporating new windows and balcony doors facing the main courtyard, particularly in the walls enclosing stair landings and lift lobbies. These circulation spaces are also interconnected through carefully placed openings, fostering transparency and interaction.

▼公寓内部，interior of the apartment ©Adrià Goula Photographer

中心庭院是本次改造的焦点，它作为共享的外部空间，成为所有住宅的朝向与联结点。从象征意义上，它是这栋建筑的“灵魂”，承载着归属感与社区精神。 设计将这一庭院视为展示居民身份、个性与多元文化的“画布”。通过引用日常生活中的物件——如织物、陶瓷、工具与食物——表达对社区文化传承的尊重与致敬。图案、纹样与色彩则作为文化身份的视觉语言，贯穿于设计之中。

▼中庭改造策略，courtyard renovation strategy ©MiAS Architects

The central courtyard is the focal point of the intervention. It becomes the shared external space to which all apartments are oriented. Symbolically, it serves as the soul of the building, a collective space that represents the community within. The design treats this courtyard as a canvas for expressing the identity, personality, and multicultural nature of the residents who will return to the building after its rehabilitation. Through references to the domestic and everyday—items such as textiles, ceramics, tools, and food—the space seeks to honour the heritage of the community. Graphic motifs, patterns, and colours are employed as expressions of cultural identity.

▼展示居民身份、个性与多元文化的“画布”，

a canvas for expressing the identity, personality, and multicultural nature of the residents ©Adrià Goula Photographer

▼瓷砖装饰细部，tile decoration detail ©Adrià Goula Photographer

庭院的围合墙面采用质朴材料打造，开口以陶瓷构件装饰，灵感来源于纺织品与服饰的结构。陶瓷作品由建筑师兼陶艺家Carlos Jiménez Cenamor创作，图案与几何纹样取自居民的原籍文化，色彩明快、乐观，展现出生活的活力与多样性。 最终，这一全新的共享空间承载着希望与重生的寓意。阳台上垂挂的花草随着时间生长，成为生命、记忆与转变的象征，赋予这座老建筑以新的时间维度和集体精神。

This new courtyard fosters social interaction and a sense of belonging. Its perforated enclosure walls are clad in humble materials, while the openings are framed with ceramic elements inspired by textiles and garments. These ceramics, crafted by Carlos Jiménez Cenamor—architect and ceramist—draw on patterns and geometries typical of the residents’ places of origin and reflect the vibrant, optimistic colours of their cultural traditions. Ultimately, this renewed communal space aspires to convey a message of hope and renewal, a place where time is marked by the growth of plants and flowers hanging from the balconies—symbols of life, memory, and transformation.

▼模型，model ©MiAS Architects

▼场地区位，site location ©MiAS Architects

▼图案灵感来自居民的原生文化，motifs inspired by the residents’ countries of origin ©MiAS Architects