大理无量山一朵茶花高原剧场丨中国大理丨孔祥伟工作室

高原平台：与山林对歌的场域

The Plateau Platform: A Field for Singing with the Mountains and Forests

在茶马古道的千年回响中，云南大理南涧县碧溪乡的北部，凤凰山（草王山）如一只敛翼的神鸟静卧于无量山高原。海拔2300米的山脊上，一片茶园自云雾中生长，民宿依坡而筑，直面跌宕深谷。其间的天然高台恍若天赐舞台——古树环抱如垂帘，缓坡山崖似倾泻的绿瀑，平整台地在蓝天白云之下，面向远处开阔的风景。

In the thousand-year heritage of the Ancient Tea-Horse Road, Fenghuang Mountain (Caowang Mountain) in north Bixi Township, Nanjian County, Dali, Yunnan, perches on the Wuliang Mountain plateau like a divine bird folding its wings. At 2,300 meters above sea level on the mountain ridge, a tea garden emerges from the clouds, with slope-side homestays facing a rolling deep valley. Among them, a natural high platform stands out—surrounded by ancient trees like hanging curtains, its gentle slope and cliff form a cascading green waterfall, while the flat terrace under blue sky and white clouds overlooks distant vistas.

▼无量山高原中的茶花剧场 ，Camellia Theater in Dali Wuliangshan Highland©直译建筑摄影

▼落在山头平台的茶花剧场，Camellia Theater on the mountaintop platform©直译建筑摄影

▼以山林为背景的茶花剧场，Camellia Theater set against the backdrop of a mountain forest©高灼见

▼密林掩映的茶花剧场，Camellia Theater set against the mountain forest©直译建筑摄影

▼灯光下熠熠生辉的茶花剧场，Camellia Theater glowing under the lights©直译建筑摄影

▼亮灯的茶花剧场，Camellia Theater in lights©高灼见

2024年春，我们受邀进行民宿改造，希望在其周边区域做一些文化空间，为茶园转型为茶旅空间做准备。中有一视线开阔的平台，在周边村落的村民间广为知见。回龙山村长告诉设计师，这个平台头顶凤凰山，脚踏澜沧江，是凤凰山重要的风景点位。民宿所处的南涧县是一个彝族自治县，南涧彝人世代以歌为史，每年一度的凤凰山歌会是十里八乡的民间盛会，山风会裹挟着彝族打歌的韵律穿透时空。凤凰山茶旅园区，也是小型歌会的日常演出场所。在这个2300米海拔的高原山巅——这个可以称为“凤凰之眼”的观景胜地，以天为幕，以云为景，做一个开放式的露天剧场，岂不是一件妙事。

In spring 2024, we were commissioned to renovate the homestay and create cultural spaces around it, aiming to transform the tea garden into a tea-tourism destination. A widely known scenic platform among locals, recommended by the head of Huilong Village, sits between Fenghuang Mountain and the Lancang River, making it a key attraction of the area.

▼正午下的茶花剧场，Camellia Theatre in midday©孔祥伟

▼坐凳与花型交错呼应，The benches are interspersed with floral motifs©直译建筑摄影

▼天空之舞，Dancing in the sky©直译建筑摄影

▼林下之舞，Dancing under the forests©直译建筑摄影

▼高原蓝天下的茶花剧场，Camellia Theatre under the Highland blue sky©孔祥伟

一朵茶花的诞生：与重力对话的艺术

The Birth of a Camellia: Art in Dialogue with Gravity

环境之美自然天成，茶园本是无字诗行，人工介入需如露珠点叶般轻盈。如介入人工构筑，也一定是轻盈、纤细而空灵的形体。处一片茶园之中，何不以茶花的形态为题进行创作呢？设计师凭感觉画了一些草图，采用工作室钢筋编织的创作方式，直接和工人在现场创作，既遵循钢筋自身的张力和重力，也适应工匠们的力气和技术。

The beauty of the environment is natural. The tea garden is a wordless poem, and human intervention should be as light as dewdrops on leaves. If artificial structures are to be added, they must be light, slender, and ethereal. In a tea garden, why not create a work inspired by the form of a camellia? The designer drew some sketches by intuition, using the studio’s method of steel bar weaving to create directly on-site with workers, following both the tension and gravity of the steel bars and adapting to the craftsmen’s strength and skills.

▼雾中的茶花剧场，Camellia Theatre in the mist©直译建筑摄影

▼雾气朦胧中的流动线条，Flowing lines in the misty haze©高灼见

从第一根线开始，用一天的时间，依靠主钢筋的相互支撑，确定了剧场的花瓣形态。接下来便是对细节的刻画。一旦进入立体的空间中创作，个人躯体置身其中，图面上的绘制就不如现场的感知准确。设计师依靠线与线之间的连接，顺着感觉自然成型。七根重复的花瓣线条，成为飘带的形态，而支撑的线条则是三根的重复。茶花五瓣的意象在草图中翻飞，最终化作七道钢筋弧线——它们既是花瓣，亦是飘带，又似天空抖落的银色璎珞。

Starting from the first line, in one day, relying on the mutual support of the main steel bars, the petal shape of the theater was determined. Next came the detailing. Once entering the three-dimensional space for creation, when the individual body is placed in it, drawing on paper is less accurate than on-site perception. The designer relied on the connection between lines to form the shape naturally by feeling. Seven repeated petal lines became the form of streamers, while the supporting lines were three repeated ones. The image of the five-petal camellia fluttered in the sketches and finally turned into seven steel arcs—they are both petals and streamers, and like silver (tassels) shaken down from the sky.

▼线条之舞，The Dance of Lines©直译建筑摄影

▼雾中之舞，The Dance in the mist©直译建筑摄影

花瓣之下增建曲线的环形座椅，避让了茶树，留出中间大空间。座椅就像流水一般，既是观众席位，也成为高起的舞台。

Under the petals, a curved circular seat was added, avoiding the tea trees and leaving a large central space. The seats are like flowing water, serving as both audience seats and a raised stage.

▼正午，游弋的线条，Cruising Lines at midday©孔祥伟

自然剧场：天地即舞台

The Natural Theater: Heaven and Earth as the Stage

老打歌调中的那句“山高不遮日月，路远不断歌声”在这里变成现实，当彝族歌者立于环形剧场中央，既是被群山凝视的表演者，亦是天地壮剧的观众。钢筋花瓣框住的不仅仅是风景，而是将整个天地纳入舞台——风掠过茶树的沙响是前奏，云影掠过山脊的明暗是灯光，就连寂静本身，也成了诗意的留白。移步至对面另一片山林，巧合的是，一朵茶花的形态恰似王冠，和草王山传说中的女王形成时空对话。

The line in the old folk song, “High mountains do not block the sun and moon, long roads do not break the song,” becomes reality here. When Yi singers stand in the center of the circular theater, they are both performers gazed at by the mountains and audience of the grand drama of heaven and earth. The steel petals frame not only the scenery but the entire heaven and earth into the stage—the rustling of the wind through the tea trees is the prelude, the light and shadow of clouds passing over the mountain ridge are the lighting, and even silence itself becomes a poetic blank. Moving to another forest opposite, coincidentally, the shape of a camellia resembles a crown, forming a dialogue through time with the legendary queen of Caowang Mountain.

▼流动的线条勾勒天空，Flowing lines outline the sky©直译建筑摄影

▼既是花瓣，亦是飘带，It’s both a petal and a ribbon©直译建筑摄影

▼钢筋编织细部，Rebar detail©直译建筑摄影

▼线条界定出具有场所感的场域，Lines define a field with a sense of place©直译建筑摄影

这是一个露天的剧场，没有边界，线条的界定在某种意义上形成虚拟的场域，但场所感油然而生。凤凰山四季如春，多变的微气候造就瑰丽的风景。时而蓝天白云，高原之气十足，时而云雾缭绕，雨季连日绵绵。最美的是山谷里的晚霞，常伴流云而生，时间持久。这些独特气候都成了茶花高原剧场的背景，风景成为演员，即便没有演出，一个人置身剧场之中，也可以欣赏自然天地的表演。

This is an open-air theater without boundaries. The definition of lines forms a virtual field in a sense, but the sense of place arises spontaneously. Fenghuang Mountain enjoys a spring-like climate all year round, and its changeable microclimate creates magnificent scenery. Sometimes it is blue sky and white clouds, full of 高原 (plateau) atmosphere; sometimes it is shrouded in mist, with continuous rainy seasons. The most beautiful is the sunset in the valley, often accompanied by flowing clouds and lasting for a long time. These unique climates have become the backdrop of the Camellia Plateau Theater, where the scenery becomes the actor. Even without a performance, a person standing in the theater can enjoy the performance of nature and heaven and earth.

▼夜色中的茶花剧场，Camellia Theater at night©孔祥伟

▼黄昏之舞，The Dance of the Dusk©孔祥伟

▼黄昏之舞，The Dance of the Dusk©孔祥伟

▼黄昏之舞，The Dance of the Dusk©孔祥伟

项目名称：大理无量山一朵茶花高原剧场

项目地点：云南大理州南涧县碧溪乡凤凰山茶庄

设计团队：孔祥伟工作室

设计师：孔祥伟、崔峻、高灼见设计公司

摄影：直译建筑摄影、孔祥伟工作室

Project Name:Camellia Theater on Dali Wuliangshan Highland

Location:Fenghuang Mountain Tea Estate, Bixi Township, Nanjian County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Design Team:Kong Xiangwei Studio

Designers:Kong Xiangwei, Cui Jun, Gao Zhuojian

Photography:Archi-translator Photography, Kong Xiangwei Studio