庐山小学设计方案丨中国江西丨扎哈·哈迪德建筑事务所（Zaha Hadid Architects）

Zaha Hadid Architects: a robot will help build the vaults of Lushan Primary School

Aerial view of Lushan Primary School. Rendering by VA. Image courtesy of ZHA.

Zaha Hadid Architects

just revealed a design proposal for Lushan Primary School, a new learning center for 120 children from 12 local villages in a remote rural area of Jiangxi Province, China. The campus is designed as a network of intersecting barrel and parabolic vaults that accommodate various school, housing, and utility spaces.

Image courtesy of ZHA.

From the project description: "The school’s curriculum is a synthesis of Chinese and international academic systems; combining an education in the creative arts with a comprehensive syllabus of STEM subjects that also includes advanced internet-based learning technologies. Visiting teachers and artists will make the school a focus for the community it serves."

Rendering by VA. Image courtesy of ZHA.

"Surrounded by mountains as well as the rivers and lakes fed by the Zhelin Reservoir, the school is within an agricultural region that also has a rich tradition in the production of ceramics. [...] The campus includes the school, dormitory and utility buildings within vaulted spaces that connect directly with their rural surroundings. The classrooms have flexible learning arrangements and outdoor teaching areas."

Entrance. Image courtesy of ZHA.

"Composed as a network of barrel and parabolic vaults that open towards the river, the vaults stretch and intersect to accommodate the  school’s varied programme. A long central courtyard acts as the school’s main circulation space and play area."

Classroom. Image courtesy of ZHA.

"The vaulted classrooms are orientated for the best natural light conditions, as well as to frame views to the surrounding landscape. Cantilevers protect the classrooms from the solar gain of Jiangxi’s sub-tropical climate and extend the teaching spaces into the landscape to provide a varied and interactive learning environment. The barrel and parabolic vaults act as the school’s primary structure and enclosure, with each vault performing as an individual structural element."

Workshop. Image courtesy of ZHA.

"To minimise construction time and also reduce the number of separate building elements required to be transported to the school’s remote location, ZHA proposes to combine the local skills of in-situ concrete construction with new advancements in hot-wire cut foam formwork that can be prepared on site by an industrial robot to create the barrel and parabolic shaped moulds. [see video below] The modularity of the vaults enables moulds to be used multiple times, further accelerating the construction process and reducing costs."

Classroom. Image courtesy of ZHA.

"The region’s long history of producing the highest quality ceramics dates from the Ming Dynasty. These traditions are continued in the school’s ceramic external finishes laid in a gradient of tones that express the differing programmes within."

Main hall. Image courtesy of ZHA.

"Located on a small peninsula surrounded on three sides by water and bordering farmland to the north, the school is on an elevated escarpment five metres above the 50-year flood level. Its surrounding landscape incorporates outdoor teaching spaces and sports facilities, and also serves as a natural water catchment area to further protect the school from flooding. This surrounding landscape rises towards the school, creating natural areas within its raised courtyards."

Main hall. Image courtesy of ZHA.

Project Credits:

Architect:

Zaha Hadid Architects

Design: Patrik Schumacher

ZHA Project Director: Charles Walker, Nils Fischer

ZHA Project Architect: Michal Wojtkiewicz

ZHA Project Associate: Armando Solano

ZHA Project Team: Nassim Eshaghi, Nastasja Mitrovic, Marko Margeta, Hung-Da Chien

Engineering: Shing and Partners Design Group (SPDG)