印水山房版画馆丨中国浙江丨晓辉设计工作室

引言

Introduction

一座并非文保单位而又濒临坍塌的清代古宅，原本它的命运多半是推倒重建，修一座差不多样子的仿古建筑。然而两年前，当我们和业主、运营主理人一起来到德清县乾元镇赵家弄，大家一致被这座曾走出过五代翰林的老宅吸引，决定通过精细的修缮更新，在最大限度保护原有的梁柱砖瓦的同时，保持住建筑真实的历史可读性，成为与后期陈列民间版画珍品和开展非遗体验活动相匹配的空间载体。

For a Dynasty house without Cultural relic certification, it would mostly bedemolished and rebuilt into antique buildingwith similar appearanceon the verge of collapse. However, two years ago, when we went to Zhaojia Lane, Qianyuan Town, Deqing County with the developers and the space manager, we were all attracted by this old houseanddecided to preserveit by delicate repair. In that way, the original building elements such as wood beamsandcolumnscould be well protected, and the authentic historical readability could bereserved as well. We hoped the building itself can be the best space fortraditional art collection gallery and intangible cultural heritage experience.

▼内部空间，Interior Space © 南西

▼展陈空间，Exhibition space© 南西

项目概况

Project Overview

德清县乾元镇曾是木版印刷的重要传承地。项目所在的赵家弄更是走出了徐门“五翰林”等众多历史人物。自2022年起，乾元镇政府和德清文旅共同展开了对赵家弄历史街区的更新改造工作，将其打造为一个集民宿、书店、非遗文创、餐饮等多业态的公共文化空间。而这其中最独一无二的主题，便是本项目这座老宅所承载的传统民间版画美学空间，取名“印水山房”。曾经翰林徐倬在此编印被誉为最美古籍的《御定全唐诗录》，如今新入驻的主理人吴菲是北京“福荦我家”传统文化社群创始人，十几年来一直进行着非遗的传承、帮扶和拯救工作，收集了大量博物馆级别的民间版画珍品。

▼改造前院落鸟瞰，A bird ‘s-eye view of the courtyard before the renovation© 晓辉设计工作室

▼改造前院落内部，The interior of the courtyard before renovation© 晓辉设计工作室

▼赵家弄街区更新业态分布图，The distribution map of updated business types in Zhaojia Nong Street area © 晓辉设计工作室

Qianyuan Town, Deqing County, was once an important place for the inheritance of woodblock printing. Zhaojia Lane, where the project is located, was famous for five Hanlin scholars of Xu family. Since 2022, the Qianyuan Town Government and DeqingTourism& CultureDevelopmentCompanyjointly launched the renovation of the Zhaojia Lane historical district, turnedit into a public cultural space with restaurants, hotels, bookstore, and cultural creation. The house of our project will become a museum of chinese woodblock prints and be named “Yinshui House”. In the history, HanlinScholarXu Zhuo once compiled and printed the “Imperial Complete Tang Poetry Record”in this house. Now the newspacemanager Wu Fei, founder of “Fu Luo Wo Jia” traditional culturecommunity,has been helping the rescue and inheritof intangible cultural heritagefor more than ten years, and collected a large number of museum-level woodblock prints.

▼空中俯瞰，Aerial View© 晓辉设计工作室

建筑为三进式的院落，主要包含了面向公众开放的版画藏品展陈空间，体验雕刻拓印实操多功能研学空间，主理人与朋友聚会交流的茶歇空间，以及服务于短期驻场艺术家的生活空间等内容。▼分层轴测平面图，Hierarchical axonometric drawing© 晓辉设计工作室

The houseconsists of three courtyards. After restoration, it willinclude a gallery space open to public, a classroom space for engraving and rubbingexperience, a tea break space for meeting close friends, and a living space for Artists in Residence.

▼展廊与课堂互望，The exhibition gallery and the classroom© 南西

▼多功能研学课堂，Multi-functional study tour classroom© 晓辉设计工作室

▼二层生活空间，Living space on the second floor© 晓辉设计工作室

▼二层天井，Second-floor patio © 晓辉设计工作室

为致敬世界上现存最早标有明确纪年的雕版印刷品的发现地——敦煌莫高窟藏经洞，主理人特地邀请到敦煌研究院的壁画大师牛玉生老师来此复刻了一座江南的藏经洞，以此为始，讲述馆内丰富藏品和背后的故事。

In order to pay tribute to the discovery site of the world’s earliest woodblock prints with clear dates – the Library Cave in Dunhuang, the manager invited Niu Yusheng, a master of murals from the Dunhuang Research Institute, to replicate a library cave in the house. Tourists will begin their journey from the Library Cave as a start, and get to know a long story of woodblock prints through rich collections after that.

▼展览空间中的藏经洞装置，The scripture cave installation in the exhibition space© 晓辉设计工作室

▼复刻版藏经洞细部，A detailed replica of the Caves of the Thousand Buddhas © 南西

像修艺术品一样修缮建筑，让历史清晰可读

Repairing the houselike artwork, and keeping the house history readable

当地修庙的老师傅们被请了过来，像修艺术品般精细地修复这座老宅。原有的木结构骨架像积木一样被一点点拆下，检查、修补腐烂破损的部分，然后再重新组装回到原位。经过检修，大部分原有的柱子和大梁还能继续使用，而望板、门窗等围护结构则替换为新的木材。

Local temple craftsman were invited to repair the house like repairing artwork. The original wooden structure was dismantled piece by piece like building blocks, and reassembled back to the original position after replacing the rotten part. Finally, most of the original columns and beams are reserved, while the envelope part are replaced with new wood.

▼木结构修缮策略，Strategies for repairing wooden structures © 晓辉设计工作室

保留下非标的木构件，也就意味着保留下了非标的建筑空间——梯形的房间、不对齐的柱网等等。这不仅使测绘和设计的工作量成倍增加，还需要在施工阶段实时进行现场协调和设计调整。正是这些繁琐的工作，使许多历史建筑更新项目选择了推倒重修。但我们相信，原有的建筑构件具有任何仿古手段无法替代的价值和魅力。

Retaining non-standard wood components also means retaining non-standard spaces, such as non-squarerooms, non-aligned column grids, etc. This not only doubles the workload of surveying and design, but also requires real-time adjustments during the construction phase. It is the reason why many historical restorationprojects to choose to demolish and rebuildinstead. However,we believe that the original building components have value and charm that cannot be replaced by any antique means.

▼老建筑修缮现场，The site of the renovation of an old building© 晓辉设计工作室

▼现场踏勘记录，On-site inspection record © 晓辉设计工作室

同时，我们并没有通过做旧的方式，去得到一个以假乱真的完整古宅。新替换上去的木材保留的新木本身的浅色，使建筑原有的老木构件极其容易辨认。这些新增加的建筑片段，也会慢慢爬上时间的痕迹，每一个片段都有自己真实的时间代码。游走在建筑空间，既可以欣赏主理人多年收藏的珍品，也可以与建筑本身，展开一场关于时间的对话。

At the same time, we did not try to create an entire ancienthouse by making the new components look old. The new wood are kept in light color without painting so thatthe original old wood components areextremely easy to identify. These newly added fragmentswill also slowly crawl up the traces of time, and each fragment has its own real time code. Wandering in the house, you can not only appreciate the woodblock print collectionsover the years, but also start a conversation about timewith the building itself.

▼修缮后新旧分明的建筑空间，The renovated building space with a clear distinction between the old and the new© 晓辉设计工作室

▼贴有民国题记的老木门，An old wooden door with an inscription from the Republic of China era© 晓辉设计工作室

最小化干预，让缓慢老去的砖墙成为风景

Minimumintervention, let the slowly aging brick wall become the landscape

日字平面的老墙被整体地保留下来，其中两个天井之间的隔墙只在顶部作了必要的防水处理。墙上不仅有深深浅浅的青苔，裸露的汉代老砖，还有不知何年开始生长的枇杷枝。也许随着时间的推移，这面墙会继续风化，墙上的植物会枯萎、新生。但我们希望在关注安全性的前提下，保持最小化的干预。就让缓慢老去的墙壁成为天井中最重要的风景。

▼原有老墙分布示意，Schematic diagram of the distribution of the original old walls© 晓辉设计工作室

▼老墙上的枇杷枝长大了还结了果子，The loquat branches on the old wall have grown up and borne fruit© 晓辉设计工作室

The old brick wall around the building was entirely preserved. The partition wall between the two patios was only waterproofed on the top. On the wall, you can see green moss, exposed old bricks of Han Dynasty, or even loquat branches growing from the bricks. As time goes by, the wall may continue to weather, and the plants on the wall will wither and reborn. However, we hope to minimize the intervention and let the slowly aging wall become the most important scenery in the patio.

▼透过研习教室看天井与老墙，Look at the courtyard and the old wall through the study classroom © 南西

▼天井老墙局部，A partial view of the old wall in the courtyard © 晓辉设计工作室

建筑室内的老墙则采取了两种不同的处理方式。部分老墙进行了中段刷白，用来展览对背景整洁度要求比较高的藏品；另一部分老墙则保留了原貌，裸露的老砖如同一副天然的壁画，与墙上的藏品相互映衬，相得益彰。

The old wall of interior part were treated in two different ways. Some partwere painted white in the middle segment fordisplayingartworksthat require a clean background; the other parts were kept in their original appearance, with the exposed old bricks like a natural mural, which complemented the collections on the wall.

▼老墙与展品，Old walls and exhibits© 南西

▼老墙与展品局部，Parts of the old wall and exhibits© 晓辉设计工作室

微创植入当代元素，简洁几何形点晴共享艺术空间

Minimally invasive implantation of contemporary elements, simple geometric shapes highlight the shared art space

设计将前院的户外檐廊纳入室内，打造了一个回字形的共享展览空间。环形的展览动线串联起丰富的民间版画珍品，展厅与研学课堂透过天井相望呼应。

▼院落纵剖面，Longitudinal section of the courtyard© 晓辉设计工作室

Ourdesign creates a circular exhibition hallby incorporating the ourdoor eaves gallery of front yard into interior. The library cave and experience classroom can see each other through the patio.

▼环形展廊，Circular exhibition corridor © 南西

牛玉生老师制作的藏经洞也没有刻意去复刻洞窟的形态，而是将一个外形极其简洁的几何装置被安放在展室中央，装置内外完整呈现了技艺精湛、色彩饱满、笔力深厚的壁画复原全貌。

For the library cave, Mr. Niu Yusheng did not replicate the shape of the cave in Dunhuang. Instead, a geometric device is placed in the center of the exhibition room. He painted it by murals on every wall of device with exquisite craftsmanship, rich colors and strong brushwork.

▼藏经洞装置，The Library cave device© 南西

▼牛玉生绘画场景，A scene painted by Niu Yusheng ©吴菲

在后院的内部茶歇区，一个三角顶的玻璃茶室自屋檐之下探入天井。遮风避雨的小空间可以三面无遮挡地欣赏天井中的四季晨昏，雨落珠溅，成为主理人会客交流和举办小型沙龙的独特场地。

In the backyard, a triangular-topped glass teahouse extends into the patio. The small space that is sheltered from wind and rain can enjoy the scenery of patio without obstruction. It’s a unique place for the owner to meet guests and hold small salons.

▼玻璃茶亭，Glass tea pavilion© 晓辉设计工作室

▼茶亭与天井，Tea pavilion and courtyard© 晓辉设计工作室

项目基本信息

项目名称：印水山房版画馆

项目类型：建筑/室内设计

项目地点：浙江省德清县乾元镇赵家弄

业主：浙江德晨旅游开发有限公司

空间运营主理人：吴菲

项目状态：建成

建筑面积：700平方米

设计时间：2023年6月-2023年12月

建设时间：2023年10月-2024年6月

设计单位：晓辉设计工作室

主创设计师：吕晓辉

项目管理：吕琪

设计团队：陈有坤、梵凡磊、陆燕超、杨丽昕

古建筑修复设计：浙江简古建筑设计有限公司

建筑改造施工图：浙江振丰设计有限公司

室内设计施工图：杭州自在行间设计有限公司

撰文：吕琪

摄影： 南西，晓辉设计工作室

Project information

Project name: Inshui House

Project type: Architecture renovation /Interior design

Project location: Qianyuan Tow, Deqing County, Zhejiang Province

Client: Zhejiang Dechen Tourism Development Co., Ltd

Project Status: Completed

Building area: 700 square meters

Design Year: 2023.06-2023.12

Completion Year: 2023.10-2024.06

Design Team: XIAOHUI DESIGN STUDIO

Lead Designer: Lu Xiaohui

Project manager: Lyu Qi

Team: Chen Youkun, Fan fanlei, Lu Yanchao, Yang Lixin

Old Building Renovation: Zhejiang Jiangu Architectural Design Co., Ltd

LDI: Zhejiang Zhenfeng Architectural Design Co., Ltd.

Text: Lyu Qi

Photography: NANCY / XIAOHUI DESIGN STUDIO