晨光博物馆

2016/09/21 05:30:00

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架构师提供的文本描述。自 1991 年以来，被称为“法国博物馆”的 Stella Matutina 博物馆在文化和遗产景观中建造了标志性建筑，并进行了大规模翻修 (总建筑面积 37329m2，包括博物馆及其周围建筑物)。在一个新的科学和文化项目的推动下，这个项目集中在原来糖厂的建筑和博物馆的小径上，有一套丰富的藏品，并使用了创新的多媒体和互动技术。该项目的执行涉及建筑物的修复、收藏品的修复和博物馆的概况。L‘Atelier 建筑小组负责现场的所有作业，包括环境补救、机器修复和从现场运送大量收集物品的作业。为 L‘Atelier 建筑师团队进行为期五年的冒险活动，负责与大约 40 家公司的协调。

Iconic building in the cultural and heritage landscape since 1991, the Museum of Stella Matutina, known as Musée de France, has witnessed a major renovation (37329m2 of total built area and landscaping encompassing the museum and surrounding buildings). Driven by a new scientific and cultural program, this project has focused on both, the buildings of the original sugar factory, and the museum trail, with a set of enriched collections and the use of innovative multimedia and interactive technologies. The project implementation covered the rehabilitation of the buildings, restoration of the collection items and the museographical aspect. The team of L’Atelier architectes was in charge of all operations on site, including the ones of environmental remediation, restoration of machines and transport of heavy collection items from their locations in-situ. A five-year adventure for the team of L’Atelier architectes, responsible for coordination with some forty companies.

给予人们应有的地位

Giving people back their rightful place

在建筑一个之前，博物馆的思想包括看看老厂，不仅提醒了这个岛的工业和糖业的历史，而且也是关于一个领土、其定居点和人民历史的演讲的基础。

The museographic thought, which preceded the architectural one, consisted of looking at the old factory not only as a reminder of the history of the industrial and sugar sectors of the island, but also the base for a speech about the history of a territory, its settlements and its people. © Hervé Douris (HervéDouris)

工厂，主要收藏家的物品

The Factory, the main collector’s item

将现有博物馆的原材料、老工厂的建筑、藏品和文献资源汇集在一起，重建历史。这个故事，由博物馆摄影师洛朗·莱德特讲述，将这座建筑置于主题的核心。

The raw materials of the existing museum, the buildings of the old factory, the collection holdings and documentary resources were put together to reconstruct the history. This story, narrated by the museographer Laurent Laidet, places the building in the heart of the subject.

五章之旅

A five-chapter journey

新博物馆的参观分为五章，共展开 1200 多米 (3600 平方米)。如果说这次巡回演出开始并解释了甘蔗的转型及其不断的创新，斯特拉·马图蒂纳博物馆 (Stella Matutina Museum) 也打算成为一种工具，用来了解由糖业塑造的留尼汪社会的历史，并向我们现在所知的建造这个岛并赋予它身份的男女致敬。

The tour of the new museum is written in five chapters unfolding over 1200 linear meters (3600 m²). If the tour sets out and explains the transformation of sugar cane and its successive innovations, the Stella Matutina museum is also intended as a tool to understand the history of Reunion society, strongly shaped by the sugar industry, and a tribute to the men and women who have built the Island as we know it nowadays and who gave it its identity.

附加空间

Additional spaces

还为现代博物馆的运作分配了更多的空间：保护、展览、调解、广播、教学空间 (…)。

Additional spaces have also been allocated for the functioning of a modern museum: conservation, exhibition, mediation, broadcasting, didactic spaces …

Ground Floor Plan

嵌入网站的设计

Design embedded in the site

在整个设计阶段，L‘Atelier 建筑团队搬到了老工厂的工地。一项重要的任务是占用场地，它的环境和它的历史是由建筑团队承担。由于与工厂前工人的合作，我们也有了一种特殊的洞察力。这加强了对场地及其灯光的了解，使工厂融入了景观、该地区及其居民的历史。

The team of L’Atelier architectes moved to the site of the old factory during the whole design phase. An important task of appropriation of the site, its environment and its history was undertaken by the architectural team. A special insight was also made possible thanks to the cooperation with former workers of the factory. This enhanced understanding of the site and its light, the integration of the factory in the landscape, the history of the region and its inhabitants.

纯建筑作品

Work of pure architecture

所面临的挑战是恢复原来的区域，并加强具有强烈象征属性的工厂。最终，博物馆只是旧工厂，这已被揭示。大门和多层分隔层被移除，这使得博物馆无法阅读。工厂重温并扩展了它的整体和威严。

The challenge was to restore the original area and enhance the factory that has a strong symbolic attribute. Eventually, the museum is only the old factory, which has been revealed. Gateways and multiple split levels which rendered the museum unreadable were removed. The factory relives and extends its entirety and majesty.

一种新的皮肤把这座建筑打扮得漂漂亮亮的

A new skin dresses the building

该修改是在工厂外部故意发光的。它仅限于建筑外部的变化，以便更好地将其作为博物馆，标志着它从工业过渡到文化建筑。在使用铜覆层之前，已经选择了稍微不均匀的处理。

The modification is deliberately light on the exterior of the factory. It was limited to the change of the outer part of the building in order to identify it better as a museum, marking its transition from an industrial into a cultural building. A slightly nobler treatment has been chosen with the use of copper cladding.

使北面震动的百叶窗

Louvers that make the North facade vibrate

北面的立面上铺着百叶窗。这种大型卧式包层在保护建筑物不受阳光照射的同时，使其通风。此外，它还提供了一个美丽的自然光，它的内部变化，根据时间的一天。从遥远的地方，外表在阳光下振动和闪烁，就像糖一样。

The northern facade has been cladded with louvers. This large horizontal cladding ventilates the building while protecting it from sunlight. In addition, it provides a beautiful natural light inside which varies according to the time of day. From far away, the façade vibrates and sparkles in the sun ‘like sugar’.

与“景观”融为一体的离散扩展

Discrete extensions that blend into the "landscape"

增加和扩展，以满足客户的愿望，拥有一个档案中心，一个临时展厅和一个圆形剧场，是这样的方式，斯特拉的轮廓保持不变。扩展隐藏在现有建筑的轮廓中，它们不会以任何方式改变斯特拉的感觉，特别是它出现时的轮廓。它是从拉塔马林公路逐渐发现的，这是连接该岛北部和南部的主要公路。

The additions and extensions, which match the clients desires on having an archive centre, a temporary exhibition hall and an amphitheater, were placed in such a way that Stella’s silhouette remains unchanged. The extensions are hidden in the contours of the existing building and they do not alter the perception of Stella in any way and especially its silhouette as it emerges. It can be discovered gradually from La Route des Tamarins, the main highway that connects the north to the south of the island.

移动和恢复机械

Moving and restoring machinery

大约有 60 台机器被翻新并在博物馆中展出。有些，由于规模大，在施工中的工地上进行了现场修复，并采取了这项工作所需的一切预防措施。更普遍的是，恢复了近 600 件收藏品，使当地行为者得以利用经验丰富的人员传授的技能。

About 60 machines were refurbished and staged in the museum. Some, by their large size, were restored in situ, with all the precaution that this job requires, on a site under construction. More generally, the restoration of nearly 600 collection items allowed local actors to take advantage of skills’ transfer from experienced personnel.

协调约 40 名承包商

Coordination of some forty contractors

斯特拉建筑工地的管理任务很复杂，因为要协调的承包商数量众多 (40 名承包商)，几乎需要采取考古预防措施，以恢复工厂的不同历史层、由许多多媒体设备装载的新技术-- 博物馆有 48 个多媒体设备，包括一个 4D 电影院，总共有 25 公里的网络电缆。

The task of management of Stella construction site was complex, because of the number of contractors to coordinate (40 contractors), almost archaeological precautions required tor restore different historical layers of the factory, new technologies loaded by numerous multimedia devices - the museum has 48 multimedia devices including a 4D movie theatre, with a total of 25 km of network cables built in.

一个非常复杂的清理地点

A very complex cleanup site

土壤中石棉的发现要求实施持续了将近一年的复杂和创新的污染控制过程。

The discovery of asbestos in the soils has required the implementation of a complex and innovative pollution control process which lasted for nearly a year.

向海洋开放的教育和遗产空间

A didactic and heritage space open onto the ocean

特有的植物，果树，灌木，芳香的草药：花园的景观为游客创造了一个教育，休闲和遗产的空间。花园和室外空间，完全翻新，包括几条道路，以及外部空间专门为不同的活动。

Endemic plants, fruit trees, shrubs, aromatic herbs: the landscaping of the gardens creates an educational, leisure and heritage space for the visitors. The gardens and outdoor spaces, completely renovated, consist of several pathways as well as external spaces dedicated to diverse events.