石榴园小筑丨中国南平丨Tumu + 无意义建筑

2025/10/14 12:44:23

查看完整案例

微信扫一扫

下载

原型：一种墙体

Prototype: A wall

一种墙体原型，寻找结构与形式的平衡，得到悬挑屋面下的休憩空间，一个单元就是一座小亭。村里留有夯土老屋和老年夯土匠人，并盛产毛竹，竹厂为本地产业，混凝土、木模板、钢等材料易得且可持续。设计将材料作为主角，不同材料共生共舞。混凝土墩举起夯土墙，再一起举起竹梁柱，竹与混凝土梁、钢杆稳住土墙，再举起钢梁与木拱，拱顶悬挑开外，形成微妙的平衡。每一个构件都是结构构件，提供适宜的力与形。混凝土的重，夯土的厚，竹的轻，钢的细，木的薄大，互相制约产生视觉张力。

A wall prototype seeks a balance between structure and form, creating a resting space is a small pavilion. The village is home to old rammed earth houses and aging craftsmen. Bamboo is abundant in the area, and bamboo factories are a local industry. Concrete, wooden formwork, and steel are readily available and sustainable materials. The design prioritizes materials, creating a symbiotic dance of diverse materials. Concrete piers lift the rammed earth walls, which in turn lift the bamboo beams and columns. The bamboo, concrete beams, and steel poles stabilize the earth walls, and then lift the steel beams and wooden arches. The arched crown cantilevers outward, creating a delicate balance. Each component is a structural element, providing appropriate force and form. The heaviness of concrete, the thickness of rammed earth, the lightness of bamboo, the fineness of steel, and the thinness and bulk of wood create visual tension through their interplay.

▼亭概览，Overview of the Pavilion © 无意义建筑

▼亭局部，Part of the pavilion © 无意义建筑

系列：从原型到建筑

Series: From prototype to buildings

墙体单元横向形成一条长廊，纵向形成一座小亭，二期还有竖向形成的微塔。设计从规划开始，连同入口亭、停车场、园路、汀步、坐凳、矮篱、水渠、毛竹山，待石榴树种下，共同营造石榴园中漫步休憩游玩的场所。

A long corridor forms horizontally, a small pavilion longitudinally, and a second phase will also feature a vertical miniature tower. Together with the entrance pavilion, parking lot, garden paths, stepping stones, benches, low hedges, canals, and bamboo hills, once the pomegranate trees are planted, they will create a pleasant place for strolling, relaxing, and enjoying the pomegranate garden.

▼廊、亭、塔，Corridor, pavilion and tower © 无意义建筑

力与形的延续，空间的延伸。一字排开的单元连成长廊，重复有秩，成为石榴园的内外边界。木拱屋面外侧涂深灰色沥青，内侧覆竹膜，外暗内明，似是飘起。微风穿过屋架和墙缝，坐下清凉。对面满是毛竹，拱顶成了画框，眼前有景。光影随时间游走在青砖地面，夯土墙上，感觉活泼。

The continuation of force and form, the extension of space. The units, arranged in a row, connect to a long corridor, creating a repetitive and orderly pattern that forms the inner and outer boundaries of the pomegranate garden. The wooden arched roof, coated with dark gray asphalt on the outside and bamboo membrane on the inside, appears dark on the outside and light on the inside, creating a sense of floating. A breeze flows through the roof and through the cracks in the wall, bringing a cool feeling to those who sit down. Across from the house, a lush bamboo forest, the arched roof becomes a picture frame, framing the scenery before them. Light and shadow play across the blue brick floor and rammed earth walls, creating a lively atmosphere.

▼廊内，Inside the corridor © 无意义建筑

▼廊外，Outside the corridor © 无意义建筑

▼飘起来的屋顶，A floating roof © 无意义建筑

▼屋顶局部，Part of the roof © 无意义建筑

▼画框，Picture frame © 无意义建筑

▼光影，Light and shadow © 无意义建筑

力的重叠，形的延续，空间的拓展。与横向长廊的“危险”不同，纵向亭子更加稳重。相比廊仅有的檐下空间，亭子围合出了墙内空间。墙体原型是一个点，廊是一维空间，亭是二维空间，二期的塔是三维空间。廊作为内外边界，亭是交通节点，塔是精神高地。

The overlapping of forces, the continuation of form, and the expansion of space. Unlike the “dangerous” horizontal corridors, the vertical pavilions are more stable. While the corridors offer limited space under the eaves, the pavilions enclose the space within the walls. A wall unit is a point, the corridors are like one-dimensional space, the pavilions are two dimensional, and the towers in Phase II are three-dimensional. The corridor serves as the boundary between the inside and the outside, the pavilion is the traffic node, and the tower is the spiritual height.

▼墙体组合，Wall combination © 无意义建筑

▼檐下空间、墙内空间与远处的廊，The space under the eaves and within the walls, the corridor in the distance © 无意义建筑

建造：粗放与精确

Constructive: rough and precise

混凝土墩、夯土墙与混凝土梁为现场湿作业，土则就地取材，用老土与新土混合调配。竹梁柱、木拱、钢梁、竹凳为预制后现场组装。材料与做法都尊重地方特点，传统与现代的结合。但这里有几个误差：1.施工精度误差。现场施工精度较差，预制加工精度较高，存在装配误差。2.材料性能误差。夯土施工完有较大收缩且持续半年左右，混凝土也有些微收缩，材料间的铰接会导致结构破坏。3.施工精度控制。乡村虽施工技术落后，设施简陋，仍需提高施工精度，确保后期工序有效进行。4.材料的耐久性。木、竹、土等材料置于室外，需考虑防腐问题。

Concrete piers, rammed earth walls, and concrete beams were constructed wet-work on site. The village boasts many old rammed earth houses, and the earth was sourced locally, mixing old and new soil. Bamboo products are a local industry, so bamboo beams, columns, wooden arches, steel beams, and bamboo benches were prefabricated and assembled on site. Both materials and construction methods respect local characteristics, blending tradition with modernity. However, there are several potential errors: 1. Construction accuracy errors. On-site construction accuracy is poor, while prefabrication precision is higher, resulting in assembly errors. 2. Material performance errors. Rammed earth shrinks significantly after construction and persists for about six months. Concrete also shrinks slightly, and the articulation between the materials can lead to structural damage. 3. Construction accuracy control. Despite the backward construction technology and rudimentary facilities in rural areas, improved construction accuracy is still needed to ensure the efficient execution of subsequent processes. 4. Apply paint on concrete, waterproof paint on rammed earth, special waterproof and heat-insulating paint on bamboo columns and beams, special fluorocarbon paint on metal components such as steel poles and steel beams, and asphalt on wooden arches.

▼建造，Construction © 无意义建筑

▼过程照片，Process photos © 无意义建筑

解决办法分别为：1.混凝土梁洞口较钢杆直径大，为竹梁前后左右调节留空间。2.钢杆上端加叠簧，调节夯土收缩下降的空间。竹柱下部与混凝土墩为滑动连接，待变形完成后更换为铰接。3.定制混凝土木模板，特别是混凝土墩，精确定位，提前做好预埋。夯土夯实，内部加网增强连接。混凝土梁浇筑时做好夯土保护措施。4.混凝土上涂料，夯土上防水漆，竹柱梁上特种防水隔热漆，钢杆钢梁等金属构件上专用氟碳漆，木拱上涂沥青。

The solutions are: 1. The openings in the concrete beams are larger than the diameter of the steel rods to allow for the bamboo beams to adjust forward, backward, and left and right. 2. Adding springs to the upper ends of the steel rods to adjust the space for the rammed earth to shrink and fall. The lower part of the bamboo column is connected to the concrete pier by a sliding connection, which will be replaced with a hinged connection after deformation is complete. 3. Customize the concrete wooden formwork, especially the concrete pier, with precise positioning and pre-embedded in advance. Rammed earth is compacted and internal mesh is added to strengthen the connection. Protect the rammed earth during the pouring of the concrete beam. 4. Paint the concrete, waterproof the rammed earth, apply military waterproof and thermal insulation paint to the bamboo columns and beams, apply fluorocarbon paint to the metal components such as steel poles and beams, and coat the wooden arches with asphalt.

▼墙体原型，Wall prototype © 无意义建筑