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凤谷驿（五指棚）丨中国惠州丨有限设计工作室

2025/10/15 13:35:37

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为“博罗的海”修一座驿站

Building a Station for “Boluo Sea”

位于惠州博罗县罗浮山脚的显岗水库，为葱郁的山林所环绕，因水面开阔而被戏称为“博罗的海”。环湖路全长27公里，只允许非机动车行驶，平日里骑单车、摩托车和徒步者众多。因现有驿站不多而缺乏停留休憩之所。© 张超建筑摄影

The Xiangang Reservoir at the foot of Luofu Mountain in Boluo County, Huizhou, is surrounded by lush mountains and forests. Its vast water surface has earned it the nickname “Boluo Sea.” The 27-kilometer loop road around the lake is designated for non-motorized vehicles only, and is typically bustling with cyclists, motorcyclists, and pedestrians. However, a lack of existing stations means there are few places to stop and rest.

▼背山面水的凤谷驿，Facing the mountains and backed by water © 张超

凤谷驿选址在环湖路旁山坡上的树林里，隔路与水库湖面相望。场地原貌为坡上开挖的两层台地。下层台地上坐落着两间轻钢简易房屋，与环湖路有两米高差，通过一部台阶与之相连。上层台地有草草开挖的泄洪沟承接山洪。树林茂密，对两级台地遮遮掩掩。

The Phoenix Valley Pavilion is situated on a wooded slope beside the loop road, facing the reservoir across the road. The original site consisted of two man-made terraces carved into the slope. On the lower terrace stood two lightweight steel simple houses, connected to the loop road by a flight of steps accounting for a two - meter height difference. The upper terrace had a roughly excavated drainage ditch for channeling mountain floodwater. Dense woods partially obscured both terraces.

▼掩映在树林里的驿站，A station nestled within the trees © 有限设计工作室

顺势而为，向着水面流动的绿色手掌

Going with the Flow: A Green Palm Reaching Towards the Water

回想起来，整个设计的过程就是顺势而为。为了保留所有的树木和减少土方开挖，可以继续利用原有的两层台地，把在下层台地上的简易房屋替换为新建的驿站建筑即可。之前为了修建简易用房硬化地面，损失了山林绿色斑块，那就通过屋面种植来织补——覆绿的屋顶如同从土地中生长出来一般，与上层台地的山林绿意顺接，像是山坡向着水面流动的绿色手掌。茂密的树林阻碍了凤谷驿的观湖视野，也遮挡了从环湖路观看凤谷驿的视线，那就让手掌的五指从树林的缝隙间探向水面，形成角度不一的观湖挑台，并使骑行者更容易注意到林间驿站的存在。手掌掌心拱起，为下部的小房子提供净高；指尖下垂，以避让低矮的树杈分支。

In retrospect, the entire design process was one of “顺势而为” (shun shi er wei, or going with the flow). To preserve all trees and minimize earthworks, we decided to continue using the existing two terraces, simply replacing the simple houses on the lower terrace with the new Phoenix Valley Pavilion. The ground hardening for the previous structures had damaged the green patch of the mountain forest, so we sought to repair it through roof planting. The greened roof appears to grow naturally from the land, seamlessly connecting with the forest greenery of the upper terrace, like a green palm flowing from the mountain slope towards the water. The dense woods blocked the Phoenix Valley Pavilion’s view of the lake and also obscured the pavilion from the loop road. Our solution was to let the five “fingers” of the palm extend through gaps in the trees towards the water, forming viewing platforms at different angles, while also making the pavilion more noticeable to cyclists. The palm’s “arch” provides clear height for the small building beneath, while the drooping “fingertips” avoid low-hanging branches.

▼覆绿屋顶，Green-covered roof © 张超

▼“五指”从树木间伸出，The “five fingers” extend from among the trees © 张超

▼从树木间伸出的“手指”，The “five fingers” extend from among the trees © 有限设计工作室

一般来说，避让树木的设计项目很依赖树木地形的精准定位测绘，但由于场地在军事演习区域内，我们预判卫星测绘难以精准，就把手掌设计成是如手绘一般的灵活小折线，这样在施工时遇到与测绘不符的情况就能方便调整方案而不过度影响工期。事后证明确实出现了经过两次测绘仍有较大误差、施工期间大幅修改方案的情况。

Typically, designs that avoid trees rely heavily on precise topographic surveys of the trees. However, as the site is within a military exercise area, we anticipated that satellite surveying would be inaccurate. Therefore, we designed the “palm” as a flexible, hand-drawn-like series of short zigzags. This allowed for easy on-site adjustments during construction if the survey data proved inaccurate, without significantly impacting the construction schedule. It was later confirmed that significant discrepancies did exist even after two surveys, necessitating major design modifications during construction.

▼向水面流动的绿色手掌，Green “hand” flowing toward the water © 张超

凤谷驿被定义为自行车驿站，所有的路径都可以骑行或着至少方便推车。人们可以骑着车上屋顶，也可以在树林间上上下下、钻进钻出地漫游。保留的台阶不便于骑行，那就从环湖路左右各修一条单车道穿梭树林连接台地。

The Phoenix Valley Pavilion is defined as a bicycle station; all paths are rideable or at least easy to push a bike along. People can ride their bikes onto the roof and wander up and down, in and out through the woods. Since the existing steps were inconvenient for cycling, we built two new bicycle paths, left and right from the loop road, weaving through the forest to connect to the terraces.

▼环湖路平日里骑单车、摩托车和徒步者众多，On the lakeside road, cyclists, motorcyclists, and pedestrians are numerous on regular days © 张超

在中国人审视山水地貌的眼光里，“势”是一个重要的概念，它被视为大地的筋骨与自然的经脉，蕴含着山川的走向、气韵与内在生命力。因此“顺势而为”或者“顺其自然”，不仅是形容设计过程，也描述着凤谷驿和自然共生的关系。织补而非破坏，延续而非打断，以五指作绿棚，引导着山林向水流动。

In the Chinese perspective of viewing landscape, “势” (shi, or potential/energy) is an important concept, seen as the筋骨 (jin gu, sinews and bones) and经脉 (jing mai, meridians) of nature, containing the direction, spirit, and inherent vitality of mountains and rivers. Therefore, “顺势而为” or “顺其自然” (shun qi zi ran, let things take their own course) not only describes the design process but also the symbiotic relationship between the Phoenix Valley Pavilion and nature. It is about repairing rather than destroying, continuing rather than interrupting, using the five fingers as a green canopy to guide the mountain forest as it flows towards the water.

▼与自然共生，Coexisting with nature © 张超

▼与自然共生，Coexisting with nature © 有限设计工作室

▼“绿瀑布”楼梯，“Green waterfall” staircase © 张超

能上屋顶看“海”的道旁茶棚

A Wayside Tea Shed Where You Can Go Upstairs to View the “Sea”

驿站像传统的道旁茶棚，欢迎过路人坐下喝一杯咖啡。棚下的小房子是咖啡操作间和卫生间。小小的房子掏出了五个洞口和五个龛，分别是：咖啡售卖窗口、门、天窗、户外洗手池，相互紧挨着的放雕塑的和放空调外机的龛。墙上有挂钩，能挂骑行者的自行车。这是一个像瑞士军刀般的小房子。

The pavilion functions like a traditional wayside tea shed, welcoming passersby to sit and have a coffee. The small building under the canopy houses the coffee operation area and restrooms. This small building is “hollowed out” with five openings and five niches: a coffee service window, a door, a skylight, an outdoor sink, and two adjacent niches—one for a sculpture and one for the air conditioner outdoor unit. There are hooks on the wall for cyclists to hang their bicycles. It is a small house like a Swiss Army knife.

▼棚下生活全貌，Full view of life under the canopy © 张超

▼棚下生活，Life under the canopy © 张超

▼棚下咖啡售卖处，Coffee shop under the canopy© 张超

从环湖路沿着新修的单车道穿梭树林，抵达下层台地和小房子，买了咖啡还可以一路骑着车上屋顶，在绿手掌的指尖眺望水库。艺术装置“触手”，在下层平台生根，像钓竿一般延伸至屋顶之上。游客坐在上面随着“触手”晃动，以一种游戏的方式和草地、树林、天空互动。

From the loop road, taking the new bicycle path through the woods leads to the lower terrace and the small building. After buying coffee, one can ride up to the roof and gaze at the reservoir from the “fingertips” of the green palm. The art installation “Tentacle” takes root on the lower platform, extending like a fishing rod up above the roof. Visitors sitting on it can sway with the “Tentacle,” interacting with the grass, trees, and sky in a playful manner.

▼骑车上屋顶，Cycling up to the rooftop © 张超

▼新修单车道可抵达下层台地，The newly constructed bike lane provides access to the lower terrace © 有限设计工作室

感谢树荫的庇护和湖边的风，即使是广东的六月天，绿手掌上也待得住，坐在“触手”上看着湖天一色舒服得昏昏欲睡。若是遇上下雨或有更高的防晒需求，可以来棚下坐，覆土的屋面使棚下凉爽宜人。棚下有我们设计的折叠椅和堆叠桌，宽大好坐又便于收纳，配色是“十六乐事”的官方主题色。还有铺着粉色瓷砖的长凳，学习民间智慧，坐着清凉舒适。

Thanks to the shade from the trees and the lake breeze, even in the June heat of Guangdong, the green palm is a bearable place to be. Sitting on the “Tentacle,” looking at the merging hues of lake and sky, is so comfortable it’s easy to become drowsy. If it rains or more sun protection is needed, one can sit under the canopy, where the earth-covered roof keeps the space cool and pleasant. Under the canopy are our custom-designed folding chairs and stacking tables, spacious, comfortable, and easy to store, colored using the official theme colors of the “Sixteen Pleasures.” There are also long benches paved with pink tiles, adopting folk wisdom for cool and comfortable seating.

▼五指棚下好乘凉，The “five fingers” canopy offers a cool, shaded spot © 张超

▼五指棚下好乘凉，The “five fingers” canopy offers a cool, shaded spot © 有限设计工作室

▼观湖光山色，Enjoying the lake and mountain views © 有限设计工作室

▼诗意的日常，Poetic everyday life © 有限设计工作室

▼在“触手”上看“海”，Viewing the “sea” from the “tentacle” © 张超

▼在“触手”上午睡，Taking a nap on the “tentacle” © 张超

回应多重传统

Responding to Multiple Traditions

幻想着人迹罕至的森林里或还有华南虎出没，那砌虎皮墙可能也算是贴合着森林驿站的主题……凤谷驿的虎皮墙不像传统宫墙那么雕琢，也不像近几十年快速建造的挡土墙那样形似而神失——画的圈和石缝甚至都不对应。其实虎皮墙的勾缝很有现代平面构成的美感，在平衡工期和师傅手艺后，强调这种美感就足够。

Fancifully imagining that South China tigers might still roam these remote forests, perhaps building a “虎皮墙” (hu pi qiang, tiger-skin wall – a type of rustic rubblestone wall) fits the theme of a forest station… The tiger-skin wall at the Phoenix Valley Pavilion is not as elaborate as traditional palace walls, nor is it like the quickly built retaining walls of recent decades that have the form but not the spirit – where the drawn circles don’t even align with the stone joints. In fact, the mortar joints of the tiger-skin wall have a sense of of modern graphic composition. After balancing construction time and the mason’s skill, emphasizing this aesthetic was sufficient.

▼在凤谷驿眺望“博罗的海”，Overlooking the “Sea of Boluo” © 张超

▼便宜好用的卷闸门、空调帘和瓷砖，Affordable and practical roller shutters, air-conditioning curtains, and tiles © 张超

还有一些可供玩味的小细节：绿手掌的每个指尖都有个小指甲盖，那是屋面的排水口；通往屋顶的楼梯踏步下，大叶油草疯长的像瀑布一样；水磨石台阶上镶嵌的大理石马赛克提示线是传统做法，没考据过但至少民国就有了；干粘石水磨石当然也是老公园里喜闻乐见的材料做法。有传统也有当下，给咖啡操作间装上空调帘和镀锌铁卷闸门，两个房间内部搞上易清洁的瓷砖拼花墙面，不以为丑，而喜其便宜好用接地气……也有一些遗憾，原本的钢网格肋梁顶是打算刷成红色的，就像塑料制品一样，而梭形柱缠上麻绳则像牙签。红色塑料凳和牙签，本希望能引起广东大排档爱好者们的会心一笑……

There are other intriguing details: each fingertip of the green palm has a small “fingernail,” which is the roof drain outlet; under the steps leading to the roof, large-leaved oil grass grows wildly like a waterfall; the terrazzo steps are inlaid with marble mosaic guideline strips – a traditional practice traceable at least to the Republican era; dry-bonded terrazzo is, of course, a beloved material and technique in old parks. There is tradition as well as the present: installing air conditioner curtains and galvanized steel rolling shutters for the coffee room, and tiling the interior walls of the two rooms with easy-to-clean mosaic patterns – we do not see these as ugly, but rather appreciate them for being inexpensive, functional, and down-to-earth… There are also some regrets: the original steel grid ribbed roof structure was intended to be painted red, like plastic products, and the spindle-shaped columns wrapped with hemp rope were meant to resemble toothpicks. The red plastic stools and toothpicks were hoped to elicit a knowing smile from lovers of Guangdong’s dai pai dongs (open-air food stalls)…

▼钓竿一般延伸至屋顶之上的“触手” 装置，“Tentacle” installation extending like a fishing rod above the roof © 张超

▼“指甲”排水口，Drain or drainage outlet © 张超

▼粉色瓷砖长凳，Pink-tiled bench © 张超

▼壁龛，Niche © 有限设计工作室

▼虎皮墙与干粘石，Tiger-stripe wall and dry-laid stone © 有限设计工作室

凤谷驿还没正式营业，就有摩托车阿叔组团骑着摩托车，带着茶具来喝茶了。听着阿叔们大音量外放的《笨小孩》，除了羡慕他们有钱有闲有品味的生活外，也希望我们确实给凤谷驿增添了一些既在地又普世的特质。在真实的前提下，越是地方的，就越是世界的。

Before the Phoenix Valley Pavilion was officially open, groups of motorcycle uncles already came with their tea sets to drink tea. Listening to the uncles playing “Ben Xiao Hai” on loudspeaker, aside from envying their affluent, leisurely, and tasteful lifestyle, we also hope that we have indeed added some qualities to the Phoenix Valley Pavilion that are both local and universal. On the premise of authenticity, the more local something is, the more global it becomes.

▼场地平面图，masterplan© 有限设计工作室