Althan街区Francis项目改造丨奥地利维也纳

Delugan Meissl Associated Architects（DMAA）与 Josef Weichenberger Architects（JWA）以“Francis”为名，对弗朗茨·约瑟夫火车站及其上方的办公楼进行了改造，将这座原本在城区中心形成阻隔的终点站建筑，转化为阿尔坦街区（Althan Quartier）中新形成的、开放通透的核心地带。

New life at Franz-Josefs-Bahnhof:Delugan Meissl Associated Architects (DMAA) and Josef Weichenberger Architects (JWA) transformed the terminus station and the office building above it under the name Francis from an impassable barrier in the centre of the district into a transparently permeable centre piece of the new Althan Quartier.

▼项目鸟瞰，aerial view of the project©Gebhard Sengmüller

决定进行改造——即拆除、重建并加层——的关键因素，是这一选择对项目整体生态平衡的显著影响。这意味着可以节省大量二氧化碳排放量。

The decisive factor in the decision to convert, i.e. to demolish, redevelop and add storeys, was the significant impact on the ecological balance of the project. This meant that consi- derable amounts of CO2 could be saved.

▼项目鸟瞰，aerial view of the project©Gebhard Sengmüller

从割裂的街区到通透的城市肌理

From a split neighbourhood to casualtransparency

通过Francis项目与围绕弗朗茨·约瑟夫火车站（Franz-Josefs-Bahnhof）展开的阿尔坦街区，维也纳第九区正逐渐形成一个全新的、具有连接意义的城市片区。新的通道如桥梁般连接了Spittelau区与Lichtental区——这两个区域长期被终点站的铁轨与原奥地利银行（Bank Austria）大楼阻隔。如今，占地2.4公顷的阿尔坦街区成为该区域的核心连接节点。这意味着改造的主要目标之一——为社区提供更高品质的居住与活动体验——已然实现。

▼轴测图，axonometric© DMAA

With Francis and the Althan Quartier around Franz-Josefs-Bahnhof (Franz- Josef-Station), a new urban and also connecting quarter is being established in Vienna‘s ninth district. New thoroughfares form a bridge between the Spittelau and Lichtental districts, which were long separated by the railway tracks of the terminus station and the previously inaccessible former Bank Austria building. The 2.4-hectare site of the Althan Quartier now serves as a central connecting element in the district. This means that one of the main objectives of the conversion has been achieved: a better quality of stay and life for the neighbourhood.

▼项目街景，street view of the project©Gebhard Sengmüller

▼为社区提供更高品质的居住与活动体验，a better quality of stay and life for the neighbourhood©Christian Pichlkastner

改造，或机遇之美

Conversion or the beauty of chances

该项目展示了改造既有建筑在城市发展与环境保护中的巨大潜力。尤其在土地与资源日益稀缺的当下，保留并再利用有价值的现有建筑结构，显得尤为重要。

The project illustrates the potential for urban development and the environment that lies in the transformation of existing buildings. Particularly in times of land and resource scarcity, the preservation and further development of valuable existing structures is worthwhile.

▼项目街景，street view of the project©Christian Pichlkastner

由于大部分所谓“灰色排放”都储存在钢筋混凝土结构中，Francis的改造带来了显著的生态效益：与拆除重建所需排放的27,595吨二氧化碳相比，改造仅产生8,970 吨——减排率高达67%。根据可持续发展专家、建筑师兼结构工程师Werner Sobek的研究结果，本次改造节省了122,480吨混凝土与10,944吨钢材——在原材料短缺与气候变化背景下，这一成果极具前瞻意义。

As a large proportion of the so-called grey emissions are bound up in the steel and concrete supporting structure, conversion in the case of Francis means enormous ecological benefits: instead of 27,595 tonnes of CO2 for demolition and new construction, the value for conversion is 8,970 tonnes of CO2 – a saving of 67 percent. According to the results of a study by sustainability expert, architect and civil engineer Werner Sobek, 122,480 tonnes of concrete and 10,944 tonnes of steel were saved, which is ground-breaking regarding the shortage of raw materials and climate change.

▼新立面采用经精细压纹的不锈钢包层，The new stainless steel cladding of the façade has a glare-free and silky matt appearance©Christian Pichlkastner

此外，翻新过程中周边居民的生活品质得以保持——由于避免了拆除与重建，约10,000趟卡车运输被省去。所有必要的拆解、搬运与回收工作均在建筑内部及地下装卸区内完成，从而最大程度减少了粉尘、噪音及施工交通。▼通过改造降低碳排放，Reduce carbon emissions through renovation© DMAA

In addition, the quality of life of local residents was maintained during the renovation – an estimated 10,000 lorry journeys were avoided by not de- molishing and rebuilding the existing. Necessary dismantling work, removal and recycling were carried out inside the building and in the underground loading yard, minimising dust, noise and construction site traffic.

▼镜面立面，mirrored facade©Christian Pichlkastner

对既有建筑的研究与分析

Study and analysis of the existing building

新设计之前，DMAA与JWA对这座建于1970年代的建筑进行了深入研究与解读。通过历史图纸与档案，他们分析并吸收了原建筑师Karl Schwanzer的设计理念，以便在“拆除”与“保留改造”之间作出根本抉择。借助BIM（建筑信息建模）技术，团队建立了建筑的数字孪生模型，从而能够全面研究混凝土体量及各种潜在改动的影响。

The new design was preceded by an extensive reading and understanding of the existing building from the 1970s. Using historical plans and documents, DMAA and JWA analysed and internalised the initial ideas of the original architect Karl Schwanzer in order to make a fundamental decision between demolition and conversion. With the help of BIM (Building Information Modeling), a digital twin of the existing building was created, which enabled comprehensive studies of the concrete cubature and the consequences of possible adaptations. The potential of the existing building with its economically optimised reinforced concrete structure, which was exceptional for the 1970s, was thoroughly examined in terms of statics, noise and fire protection as well as suitability in terms of building physics.

▼新立面采用经精细压纹的不锈钢包层，The new stainless steel cladding of the façade has a glare-free and silky matt appearance©Christian Pichlkastner

▼新立面采用经精细压纹的不锈钢包层，The new stainless steel cladding of the façade has a glare-free and silky matt appearance©Christian Pichlkastner

该建筑以当年罕见的经济高效钢筋混凝土结构闻名，项目团队对其结构稳定性、声学与防火性能、建筑物理适应性等方面进行了系统评估。原奥地利银行总部的建筑特征包括镜面立面与一座宽阔却几乎未被使用的外部楼梯。镜面立面强化了建筑的封闭性，而纪念碑式的楼梯则主导了Julius-Tandler-Platz的街景。此次改造使这些过时的形式特征得以被移除。

Characteristics of the existing building in its function as the headquarters of Bank Austria were the mirrored façade and a striking, expansive but almost unused staircase. The mirrored façade emphasized the hermetic nature of the building, while the monumental gesture of the external staircase dominated the area of Julius-Tandler-Platz. The remodeling allowed these outdated stylistic elements to be removed.

▼呈现出无眩光的丝绸哑光质感，a glare-free and silky matt appearance©Christian Pichlkastner

新结构的生成

Development of the new

规划过程的重点之一，是为社区创造开放的界面——新的城市停留空间、半公共区域、无障碍通道及带户外空间的餐厅。在保持原办公楼体量与结构的前提下，设计新增了开放空间，使Julius-Tandler-Platz以全新的面貌呈现，更具吸引力与可达性。位于街面上方9米、铁路线之上的新广场层，将Spittelauer Platz、Lichtentaler Platz与Julius-Tandler-Platz三处开放空间连结为一个整体。项目开发的核心理念包括：步行可达性、面向Julius-Tandler-Platz的开放、功能多样性、城市核心区的再密化，以及与城市空间的协调融合。建筑立面去除了原有的镜面效果，新立面采用经精细压纹的不锈钢包层，呈现出无眩光的丝绸哑光质感；新增露台为空间带来更多开放性，为餐厅与办公区提供户外延伸空间，打破了建筑原本的封闭感。

▼结构概念图，building structure concept© DMAA

One of the main focuses of the planning process was to create a new opening to the neighbourhood: new urban places to linger, semi-public spaces, barrier-free access and restaurants with open spaces were to be created. The dimensions and substance of the office building were retained, but new open spaces were created, making Julius-Tandler-Platz much more attractive with a new look and increased accessibility. Situated nine metres above street level and above the tracks of the railway tunnel, the new plaza level in the inner courtyard links the valuable open spaces of Spittelauer Platz, Lichtentaler Platz and Julius-Tandler-Platz. Decisive premises of the project development were the pedestrian permeability, the opening to Julius-Tandler-Platz, the broadest possible mix of uses, the redensification of an urban core zone and the harmonious integration into the urban space. The façade of the building was freed from its mirroring. The new stainless steel cladding of the façade has a glare-free and silky matt appearance thanks to its fine embossing, while the terraces create additional open spaces for restaurants and offices and a counter-design to the building‘s previous seclusion.

▼打破建筑原本的封闭感，a glare-free and silky matt appearance©Christian Pichlkastner

设计的另一重点是底层的活力塑造。底层的全面开放实现了与Julius-Tandler-Platz的空间联动，使车站大厅更具吸引力，并形成通往中央广场层的流畅连接。建筑北侧原有的1970年代连接体（办公楼与车库之间）被拆除，以恢复Karl Schwanzer最初的立方体独栋构想。▼功能剖面，function section© DMAA

Another planning focus was on the design of a vivid base zone. The extensive opening of the base achieves the desired spatial relationship to Julius-Tandler-Platz, makes the station hall more attractive and creates an inviting connection to the central plaza level. At the northern rear of the building, a connecting structure from the 1970s, between the office complex and the garage, was removed in order to return to Karl Schwanzer‘s original idea of a cubic solitary building.

▼底层的活力塑造，the design of a vivid base zone©Christian Pichlkastner

▼形成通往中央广场层的流畅连接，an inviting connection to the central plaza level©Christian Pichlkastner

▼底层的全面开放，the extensive opening of the base©Christian Pichlkastner

▼使车站大厅更具吸引力，makes the station hall more attractive ©Christian Pichlkastner

▼使车站大厅更具吸引力，makes the station hall more attractive ©Christian Pichlkastner

建筑的再密化通过两层加建实现，加层部分依据原体量轮廓向内退进，几乎无痕地融入原有立面体系。八层办公空间配有宽敞的户外区域，共提供约40,000平方米可用面积，可俯瞰周边宫殿、列支敦士登公园及市中心至圣斯蒂芬大教堂的全景。项目交通条件优越，步行数分钟即可抵达主要公共交通系统；同时与沿多瑙河运河的自行车路线无缝连接，一层还设有安全的自行车停车区。建筑在物流系统上同样体现智慧：所有物料运输与废弃物清运均通过地下装卸区完成，从而最大限度减少地面交通。

▼概念剖面，schematic section© DMAA

The redensification was achieved by means of a two-storey extension, which was staggered back in line with the contours of the building and thus blends almost imperceptibly into the physiognomy of the existing structure. The eight office storeys with their spacious outdoor areas offer around 40,000 m² of usable space, looking out over the neighbouring palaces, Liechtenstein Park and across the city centre to St. Stephen‘s Cathedral. The optimal connection to the local and long-distance transport network, with all major means of public transport accessible within a few minutes, is forward-looking. The connection to the nearby bike routes along the Danube Canal is just as ideal. Secure bicycle parking spaces are available on the first floor of Francis. The intelligence of the building is also evident in the supply and disposal system: this is organised via the underground loading yard, thus keeping above-ground delivery traffic to a minimum.

▼使车站大厅更具吸引力，makes the station hall more attractive ©Christian Pichlkastner

此次改造充分利用了原建筑骨架的结构逻辑。10米的柱距与可拆卸的预制楼板，为室内布局提供了最大灵活性。高达3.5米的层高（在新建建筑中极为罕见）为室内空间带来了良好的通透感与采光。

The conversion project benefits from the intelligent economy of the existing building‘s skeleton structure. Co- lumn spacing of 10 metres and the removable prefabricated ceiling allow the greatest possible flexibility for the design of the conversion. Attractive room heights of up to 3.5 metres, which are rarely realized in new buildings, provide flair and brightness.

▼可俯瞰周边宫殿的露台，A terrace with a view of the surrounding palaces©Christian Pichlkastner

▼可俯瞰周边宫殿的露台，A terrace with a view of the surrounding palaces©Christian Pichlkastner

项目在安全标准、安全技术、建筑物理、结构与抗震性能方面均进行了全面升级，并凭借高标准的生态材料体系，获得奥地利可持续建筑委员会（ÖGNI）金级认证。这一成果凸显了Francis改造项目作为未来城市更新典范的意义。Francis改造项目展示了对既有建筑结构的智慧再利用，在生态可持续性与城市融合方面树立了全新标准。

The comprehensive adaptation to today‘s safety standards, safety technology, building physics, statics and earthquake resistance, as well as the achievement of gold certification from the ÖGNI (Austrian Sustainable Building Council/ Österreichische Gesellschaft für Nachhaltige Immobilienwirtschaft) through high ecological standards for building material, underline the importance of this project as a model for future urban transformations.The Francis conversion project thus demonstrates the intelligent utilization of existing building structures and sets new standards in terms of ecological sustainability and urban integration.

▼夜景，night view©Christian Pichlkastner

▼一层平面图，ground floor plan© DMAA

▼二层平面图，level 01 floor plan© DMAA

▼三层平面图，level 02 floor plan© DMAA

▼标准层平面图，standard floor plan© DMAA

CATEGORY:Office, Gastronomy, Retail, Infrastructure

ADRESS:Julius Tandler Platz 31090 Vienna, Austria

START OF PLANNING 2016

START OF CONSTRUCTION Spring 2022

COMPLETION End of 2024

FLOOR AREA ca. 60.000 m²

GROSS FLOOR AREA ca. 70.000 m² (above ground) ca. 11.000 m² (below ground)

GROSS VOLUME ca. 280.000 m³ (above ground) 63.000 m³ (below ground)

HEIGHT 45 m

NUMBER OF LEVELS 11

NUMBER OF BASEMENTS 2

VISUALIZATION Outline Pictures / WOOW Studio (bird eye view)

PHOTOGRAPHER Christian Pichlkastner Gebhard Sengmüller

ART IN CONSTRUCTION Steinbrener/Dempf & Huber